IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)
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Bioremediation of Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) Waste Using Lipolytic Fungi
Get PDFThe purpose of this research was to obtain the effectiveness level of bioremediation process of oil residue on SBE waste by using the isolates of lipolytic fungus Aspergilus fumigatus, Cylindrocladium sp and Fumago sp. This research was conducted by using completely randomized factorial design with 3 factors of treatment which consist of nutrient ratio (N:P:K) that were divided into three levels, namely n1=A(7:1.5:0.5), n2=B(14:3:1), n3=C(21:6:1.5). The humidity were divided into 3 levels treatment i.e. k1 (90%), k2 (80%), k3 (70%) and time that were divided into four levels, namely w1 (week 1), w2 (week 2), w3 (week 3), and w4 (week 4) with fixed pH i.e. pH 6, so that were obtained 36 combination of treatment and for each treatment combination repeated 3 times. Sampling of SBE waste was conducted in one cooking oil factory in South Sumatera using randomized sampling method as much as 24.000 g. The results showed that 80% humidity and nutrient A as the best treatment for lipolytic fungus consortium performance to degrade the SBE waste with the average percentage of oil degradation as much as 74.83%. 80% humidity and nutrient A was an effective interaction in affecting the percentage of oil degradation
Assessing the Effectiveness of Top Leaf Meal of Indigofera zollingeriana to Substitute Soybean Meal through Evaluation on Protein Quality and Metabolic Energy in Poultry Feed
Get PDFThis study aimed to evaluate protein quality of top leaf meal of Indigofera zollingerina based on its net protein utilization (NPU) as well as to evaluate its metabolizable energy. Fifty broiler chicks were used in determination of NPU while fifteen broiler strain Cobbs chickens aged 5 weeks were used for metabolizable energy measurement. This study used descriptive method in which data obtained were analyzed and compared to NPU and metabolizable energy of soybean meal. The results showed that top leaf meal of Indigoferazollingerinahad NPU of 38.58 – 46.98, which is 70.14% - 85-42% of that of soybean meal (55). Its metabolizable energy was 2791.12 kcal/kg and was 9.46% higher than that of soybean meal. As the NPU and metabolizable energy were close to those of soybean meal, top leaf meal of Indigoferazollingerinacan be used to substitute protein from soybean meal in poultry feed
Assessment of Ogan River Water Quality Kabupaten OKU South Sumatera by NSFWQI Method
Get PDFA Study of physicochemical and microbiology analysis in Ogan River Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu was carried out in Mei-Juny 2016. The purpose of this study was to determine the water quality status of Ogan River by using National Sanition Foundation Water Quality Index. Water quality status was studied at six selected stations to represent different localities with varying anthropogenic discharge. Water samples were taken by purposive sampling method. Physicochemical and microbiology parameters of samples were measured pH, temperature, Turbidity, Total Suspended Solids, Dissolved Oxygent, Biochemical Oxygent Demand, Nitrat, Phospate, and Fecal Coliform following standard method. The river water quality status is medium, the value ranged 56-57. Based on these indices it is concluded that the anthropogenic activies along Ogan River effected quality of water Ogan River
The Effect of Chitosan Addition to the Digestibility of Dried Matter, Organic Matter and Crude Protein of Tegal’s Duck Rations
Get PDFThe optimum performance of duck farm can be achieved by providing them with good quality rations. Rations with good digestibility will increase the productivity due to large amount intake of nutrients. Chitosan is type of animal fibre which assisted the growth of useful microbes in digestive system. Addition of chitosan in cattle rations will improve the ecologic of duck digestive system to be more conducive. The aimed of the research was to evaluate rations digestibility with the addition of chitosan. The research was used completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 repetitions. Each repetition consists of 2 ducks. The treatments are R0 stands for rations without chitosan and R1-R3 with addition of chitosan 0.5%, 2% and 2.5% respectively. Parameter measured were dried matter digestibility, organic matter and crude protein. Data processing was conducted by using SAS Windows 16. Result showed chitosan addition at 0.5% and 2.5% gave dried matter digestibility and crude protein does not higher than control (P>0.05) while chitosan addition at 2% gave result lower than control. Organic matter digestibility displays balanced in value.Keywords: Chitosan, Dried matter digestibility, organic matter, crude protein, rations
Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil
Get PDFIncreased energy consumption and the depletion of petroleum reserves have pushed up oil prices globally. The diminishing petroleum reserves are a problem inherent in this type of fossil energy. One alternative energy source that has the potential to be developed in Indonesia is biodiesel. Used cooking oil or used cooking oil is a potential raw material for making biodiesel. In this study biodiesel was made from used cooking oil and methanol using the transesterification method with KOH catalyst. The production of biodiesel from used cooking oil begins with mixing raw materials of used cooking oil collected into one. The mixture is then precipitated for 24 hours. The transesterification process was carried out by mixing KOH (1% of oil weight) with methanol (ratioof methanol: oil 6: 1) at a temperature of 65 oC. After the temperature is reached, the methanol and KOH solution is added slowly while pumping (stirring), with a variation of time 30, 45, 60.75 and 90 minutes. Biodiesel purification is done by washing using hot water (temperature 70 C) twice as much washing. Characteristics of biodiesel based on the best conditions for density 0.886 g / mL, viscosity 5.89 cSt, FFA 0.11% , acid value 0.256 mgKOH/g and flash point 170.52 oC. The biodiesel products based on these parameters meet SNI 7182-2015 standards
Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study Removal of Co(II) Using Biosorbent Spirulina sp. in Aqueous Solution
Get PDFKinetic and thermodynamic adsorption study of Co(II) ions from aqueous solutions by dried Spirulina sp. biomass was investigated in the batch system. The Spirulina sp. was isolated and cultured from algae swamp ecosystem in South Sumatera. The adsorption properties of Co(II) onto dried Spirulina sp. biomass was studied by the influence of contact time, initial metal ion concentration and reaction temperature. The experimental results were the rate of adsorption followed the second-order kinetic model with the rate of reaction k2 is 0.023 g mg-1 min-1 and the thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption was well fitted to the Langmuir’s model, and the amount of Co(II) removed from solution increased with increasing Co(II) concentration with the higher adsorption energy was 10.38 kJ/mol at 30 °C.Keywords: Spirulina sp, Co(II), adsorption, algae swamp, South Sumater
Isolation of Piperin from The Fruit of Piper retrofractum
Get PDFThis paper will described the isolation of major compound from MeOH extract from the fruit of Piper retrofractum. Using several chromatography technique including liquid vacuum chromatography and thin layer chromatography, and further purification using re-cristalization technique, Piperine, an alkaloids compound, was isolated from this extract. The structure of this compound was determined using spectroscopic methods including FTIR, 1D-NMR and 2-D NMR.Keywords : P.retrofractum, alkaloids, piperine, structure elucidatio
Characterization of Activated Carbon from Coal and Its Application as Adsorbent on Mine Acid Water Treatment
Get PDFAnthracite and Sub-bituminous as activated carbon raw material had been utilized especially in mining field as adsorbent of dangerous heavy metal compound resulted in mining activity. Carbon from coal was activated physically and chemically in various temperature and particle sizes. Characterization was carried out in order to determine the adsorbent specification produced hence can be used and applied accordingly. Proximate and ultimate analysis concluded anthracite has fixed carbon 88.91% while sub-bituminous 49.05%. NaOH was used in chemical activation while heated at 400-500°C whereas physical activation was conducted at 800-1000°C. Activated carbon has high activity in adsorbing indicated by high iodine number resulted from analysis. SEM-EDS result confirmed that activated carbon made from coal has the quality in accordance to SNI and can be used as adsorbent in acid water treatment
Water pollution evaluation as consequent of old wells oil exploration
Get PDFThis research was aimed to investigate effect of oil spills on surface water from exploration in Dutch well.The investigation was carried out by in situ measurement of some parameters.Water sample was collected by grab sampling method and the analysis was conducted at Laboratory of Environment Badan Lingkungan Hidup dan Penelitian Pengembangan (BLHPP) Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin.The measurement result showed that some parameters did not fulfill the requirement of Standar Quality for Domestic Water Regulation according to Government Regulation No. 82 year 2001 i.e. COD and Oil&Fat content. The surface water and shallow ground water quality had some parameters that did not comply with standar quality according to regulation such as BOD, COD, DO, and oil-fat content.Calculation of pollution indeks (PI) showed that domestic water has 3.26 and was categorized into slightly polluted. At surface water in Angit River, the calculation of PI showed that upstream river was slightly polluted (3.23), while midstream was slightly polluted (3.22) and in downstream river was mildly polluted (9.60).
Air Quality Analysis of SO2, NO2 and CO in Palembang City
Get PDFPopulation activity which tends to centralized in certain area cause decrease in air quality due to exhaust gas from transportation vehicle. From 2011-2014, Palembang city transport growth 3-5% per year comprise of passenger transportation, buses, truck, motorcycle and special vehicle. The increase of vehicle in Palembang gave the city air pollution potential. Transportation is the main source of air pollution in big city with 70% contribution. Exhaust gas from transport activity consist of 60% CO and 15% incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon such as NOx and Sox. The aim of research is to analyzed air quality in Palembang city. Samples were taken and subject to analysis for SO2, NO2 and CO. Sample location were determined by using purposive sampling. Location was chosen by means of traffic density at least for one hour and took place at Charitas crossroads, Patal intersection, Mesjid Agung circle, Lemabang crossroad and Plaju intersection. Result of analysis showed SO2 level is at range 112-208 mg/Nm3/hour. NO2 level between 45-227 mg/Nm3/hour and CO at range 12.595-18.320 mg/Nm3/hour. All parameter of air quality obtained are below threshold value defined by government regulation (GR) on air quality No 41 year 1999