IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)
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Cadmium in Water Samples determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Solid Phase Extraction using DOWEX 50WX2 resin
Full text linkPre concentration of Cd(II) in water samples was carried out by using column solid phase extraction DOWEX 50WX2 prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometry analized. The optimum extraction conditions such as pH (5), sample flow rate (1 mL min−1), volume of eluent HNO3 1N (10 mL) and sample volume (50 mL) was determined. The limit of detections was found 0.2697 µg L−1. The accuracy was determined by analyzid spiked water samples used Cd CRM 0.1 mg L-1 traceable to SRM standard solution NIST. Percent recovery and relative standard deviation were found 93% and 6%, respectively. Conclusion this preparation method effective for determination of ion Cd (II) in water with flame-SSA..Keywords: SPE,Cd, Dowex 50WX2, Flame-SS
Utilization of Bottom Ash Coal and Agarwood in Waste Water Treatment in Palembang Jumputan Fabric
Full text linkLiquid waste is easily recognized because of the presence of dyes. Waste containing dyes can cause visual pollution and increase the risk of environmental and health damage. The aim of this study was to determine the operating conditions of the best jumputan liquid waste treatment using bottom ash batubara and agarwood with variations in feed flow rate (1, 2, and 3 l/minutes), filtration time (30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes), and treatment. The results of jumputan liquid waste treatment are compared with the parameters of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and pH of clean water quality standards for jumputan industry businesses and/or activities regulated in the Governor’s of Sumatera Selatan Regulation Number 16 of 2005 concerning Wastewater Quality Standards. The initials analysis of jumputan liquid waste before processing showed that jumputan liquid waste did not meet these quality standards, except pH and turbidity levels. In this study, jumputan liquid waste was pre-treated using coal bottom ash and activated carbon, then filtered. Biodegradation of jumputan liquid waste by konvensional method. The best of BOD, COD, TSS, pH, and the percentage of color rejection in the study were obtained in the treatment of jumputan liquid waste using bottom ash batubara and activated carbon at a 120 minutes filtration time and a 1 l/minutes feed flow rate namely BOD 5.98 mg/l, COD 15 mg/l, TSS 22.3 mg/l, pH 7.32, color 5 Pt-Co, and 0 NTU turbidity. The filtration with bottom ash coal and agarwood can removed the coloring from dyes
Fixed-Bed Column for the Removal of Cd(II) from Aqueous by Hydroxyapatite from Red Snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) Fish Bone
Full text linkThe Synthesis of hydroxyapatite from Red Snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) fish bone carried out. Hydroxyapatite is utilized for Cd(II) sorption from solution using a fixed-bed column. Hydroxyapatite was characterized using X-ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infra-Red, Scanning Electron Microscope-Electron Dispersive, and Thermogravimetric. In fixed-bed column, the influence of bed height (5, 10, 15 cm) and flow rate (6, 8 and 10 mL/min) were studied. The highest adsorption capacity is obtained at a bed height of 15 cm, and a flow rate of 6 mL/min with adsorption capacity is 47.027 mg/g. The predicted by Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) model obtained that value of R2 in the range 0.9964-0.9997. The adsorption capacity per unit volume ( is in the range 141.12-222.89 mg/L while is in the range 0.0136-0.022 L/mg h. This indicates that BDST can be used to explain the performance of Cd(II) sorption onto hydroxyapatite by fix-bed column
Waste-Cooking-Oil Free Fatty Acid Reduction Using Deep Eutectic Solvent as Raw Material of Biodiesel
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to extract the free fatty acid (FFA) of waste-cooking-oil through liquid-to-liquid extraction using choline chloride as a raw material for Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) as a waste-cooking-oil purifier. Waste-cooking-oil is obtained from the waste of a fast food factory located in Sukarame, South Sumatera. Making a Dep Eutectic Solvent (DES) using compounds of ethylene glycol as Hydrogen Bond Donor mixed with a choline chloride Hydrogen Bond Acceptor with five molar ratios, a reaction temperature of 60 °C and a stirring speed of 150 rpm and 200 rpm for 90 minutes. The extraction molar ratio of waste-cooking-oil and DES with four ratios of molar ratios, extraction time of 2 hours at 60 °C and retention time of separation between DES and used cooking oil was 24 hours. The decrease in FFA of waste-cooking-oil was the highest at 83.87% in the DES 2. Its proves that DES is able to purify waste-cooking-oil by extraction methods to reduce FFA and adsorb other material
Hydrogen Adsorption/desorption on lithium Alanat Catalyzed by Ni/C for Sustainable Hydrogen Storage
Full text link LiAlH4 alloy has been believed to have the potential to become one of the hydrogen storages with high storage capacity. In this research, the formation of LiAlH4 alloys with dope and undope Ni/C catalysts and characterization and testing of hydrogen adsorption/desorption capacities using these alloys have been carried out. The alloy was made by the milling method and the resulting alloy was characterized using XRD analysis. The adsorption capacity test of the alloy was carried out by the gravimetric method at various pressures. The adsorption capacity of the LiAlH4 alloy by adding additives in the form of Ni/C as much as 5%w/w was proven to increase the hydrogen adsorption capacity compared to undope a catalyst with the highest storage capacity at a pressure of 3 bar of 13.06%w/w compared to undope a catalyst of 9.84%w/w at the same pressure. Meanwhile, the highest hydrogen desorption capacity was 53.56% w/w (dope catalyst) and 41.75% w/w (undope catalyst)
The Optimum Yield of Nannochloropsis sp Microalgae from the Lipid Cultivation and Extraction Process with Soxhlet Method
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to determine the optimal growth of Nannochloropsis sp microalgae cell density observations in the cultivation process and to see the percent yield of lipids from microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. through the extraction process with the Soxhlet method using n-hexane and ethanol solvents at a ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5. The optimal amount of cell density during the cultivation process has obtained an average of 32,206 x 104 cells/ml on day of 9th, and the optimal lipid yield was in the ratio of hexane: ethanol 1:1 with a value of 32.13%. These results show that the optimal conditions for yield can be obtained and also has the potential as a raw material biodiesel production
Characterization of Electrode with Cu2O-ZnO/C and Pt-Ru/C Catalyst for Electrochemical Reduction CO2 to CH3OH
Full text linkElectrode characterization has been carried out with Cu2O-ZnO/C and Pt-Ru/C catalysts to convert carbon dioxide to methanol. Characterization are carried out with XRD analysis, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The electrodes are made by distributing Cu2O-ZnO/C and/or Pt-Ru/C catalyst by spraying method. The results of XRD analysis showed that the characteristic peak of platinum was 2θ = 39.7⁰ - 40.74⁰ with an intensity of 970 cps and 1384 cps and the diffraction peak of Ru oxide was found at 47.02⁰ with an intensity of 923 cps. The peak of Cu2O characteristics appeared at 36.12⁰ with an intensity of 88 cps and the peak for ZnO characteristics at 68.2⁰ with an intensity of 13 cps. The test results with the cyclic voltammetry method showed that the electrode with a Cu2O-ZnO/C catalyst obtained the highest ECSA value which was 26.044 cm2/g, with an electrical conductivity value of 3.4 x 10-3 S/cm and a total real resistance of 5.9425 Ω
Preparation and Characterization of Ti-Co/C catalyst for PEMFC Cathode
Full text linkA Ti-Co/C catalyst was prepared using impregnation-reduction method and characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) methods. This study aimed to compare the result between matrix carbon Vulcan XC-72R and Dots carbon which was applied to Ti-Co/C catalyst, also to compare the method of coating catalyst on GDL layer were Doctor Blade and spraying methods. The result was confirmed that Ti-Co/C with the ratio of Ti:Co 50:50, using Dots carbon as its matrix and spraying method preparation has ECSA value and conductivity respectively 28.72 cm2/g and 0.1688 x 10-3 S/cm, those were the highest value than another method. The conclusion of this study was non-platinum catalyst Ti-Co/C which used Dots carbon as a matrix and the spraying method showed a good response as a cathode catalyst of PEMF
Synthesis NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles by co-Precipitation Method for Degradation of Congo Red Dye
Full text linkThe NiFe2O4 nanoparticle was synthesized using co-precipitation method. This study done to the purpose for get the photocatalyst magnetic. The product of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM EDS and UV DRS instrumentation. The result of characterization NiFe2O4 nanoparticles was showed a sharp intensity peak at 2θ of 35.73o. The characterization using FTIR was showed the absorption band of Ni-O metal oxide at 779.24 cm-1 and the absorption band of Fe-O metal oxide at 694.37 cm-1. Characterization using SEM-EDS showed the NiFe2O4 nanoparticles have agglomeration because the nanoparticles possess high surface energy. The composition element of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles was 47.84% O, 15.37% Fe, and 9.89% Ni. Meanwhile, the result of characterization using UV DRS was showed sharp peak intensity of wavelength at 319 nm. The band gap energy of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles with direct transition in 1.11 eV and indirect transition in 1.98 eV using Tauc method. Then, the result of photodegradation toward congo red was showed effectively at the concentration in 100 mg/L, the contact time in 25 minutes and the pH in 6 or pH 5,7 with removal effectivity was 71.104%
The Effect of Calcium Oxide and Aluminum Sulfate on Iron, Manganese and Color Removal at Peat Water Treatment
Full text linkThe availability of clean water is a basic need for human life. Peat water is well-known as acidic water (low pH), high content of Fe2+ and Mn2+ and colored that make it hard to remove by conventional filtration method. Treatment in batch and continuous methods by using Calcium Oxide (CaO) and aluminum sulfate Al2 (SO4)3×18H2O result in significance reduce of iron and manganese. The batch method in particular, able to reduce iron from 3.5 ppm to 0.1 ppm (97%), manganese from 0.59 ppm to null (100%) and color from 130 TCU to 1.7 TCU. Turbidity also reduced from 33.8 NTU to 1.9 NTU whereas pH increase from 3.19 to 6.8. The continuous method in different circumstances shows iron removal from 3.35 ppm to 0.05 ppm (98.6%), manganese from 0.5 ppm to null (100%) whilst pH raised from 3.19 to 7.16 and turbidity decrease from 31.8 NTU to 1.14 NTU. Both results fulfill the water quality standard required by Permenkes No. 416/Menkes/199