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Ketepatan Reasoning/Judgement dan Rekomendasi Mahasiswa Farmasi pada Kasus Vignette Swamedikasi Dispepsia
Full text linkAbstract—The public frequently comes to community pharmacies for self-medication to address mild symptoms, including dyspepsia. Pharmacy students need to develop appropriate clinical decision-making abilities to provide quality self-medication services as they prepare for their future roles as pharmacists. This study aims to describe the appropriateness of clinical reasoning/judgement and recommendations by pharmacy students in response to a vignette case of NSAID-induced dyspepsia. Data was collected through Google Form questionnaires, with third-year pharmacy students who currently took a course related to self-medication as participants. Descriptive statistics and inductive content analysis were used to analyze the data. The appropriateness of reasoning/judgement and recommendations was determined based on conformity with the literature and/or expert panel consensus. The total population was 162 students and of these 150 participated. Of the 150 participants, 78% provided appropriate reasoning/judgement and recommendations to the NSAID-induced dyspepsia case. This showed that most pharmacy students at this university demonstrated correct clinical reasoning/judgment, and could provide appropriate recommendations for a case of NSAID-induced dyspepsia. This might imply that the changes in the Indonesian pharmacy curriculum, incorporating more clinical skills, have started showing positive effects.
Keywords: self-medication, dyspepsia, reasoning/judgement, recommendations, pharmacy students
Abstrak—Masyarakat sering datang ke apotek untuk melakukan swamedikasi dalam mengatasi gejala ringan, termasuk untuk mengatasi keluhan dispepsia. Mahasiswa farmasi, sebagai calon apoteker di masa depan, perlu mempunyai kemampuan clinical decision making yang mumpuni untuk dapat memberikan layanan swamedikasi yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ketepatan clinical reasoning/judgement dan rekomendasi yang diberikan oleh mahasiswa S1 farmasi dalam menanggapi kasus swamedikasi dispepsia akibat penggunaan AINS (Anti Inflamasi Non Steroid). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner Google Forms, dengan melibatkan partisipan mahasiswa farmasi tahun ketiga yang saat ini sedang mengikuti mata kuliah terkait swamedikasi. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inductive content analysis. Ketepatan reasoning/judgement serta ketepatan rekomendasi ditentukan berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan literatur dan/atau konsensus expert panel. Dari total populasi 162 mahasiswa, 150 mahasiswa berpartisipasi pada penelitian ini. Dari 150 partisipan ini, 78% dapat memberikan clinical reasoning/judgement dan rekomendasi dengan tepat pada kasus ini. Hal ini menunjukkan mayoritas mahasiswa S1 farmasi pada universitas ini telah mempunyai kemampuan yang baik dalam clinical reasoning/judgement dan pemberian rekomendasi pada kasus swamedikasi dispepsia karena penggunaan AINS. Hal ini mungkin menandakan bahwa perubahan dalam kurikulum farmasi di Indonesia yang saat ini lebih banyak memasukkan clinical skills mulai memberikan dampak positif.
Kata kunci: swamedikasi, dispepsia, reasoning/judgement, rekomendasi, mahasiswa farmas
Determinants of Poverty in East Java: Education, Unemployment, and Minimum Wage
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the effect of average school years, open unemployment rate, and minimum wage on the number of poor people in East Java Province from 2014-2023. The research method used is quantitative with a descriptive approach, using panel data regression covering 38 districts/cities. The data analyzed were sourced from the East Java Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), including the number of poor people, average school years, open unemployment rate, and minimum wage. The analysis shows that average years of schooling have a significant negative effect on poverty. Although the minimum wage hurts poverty, the effect is minimal. These findings emphasize the importance of improving education and reducing unemployment as the main strategies for poverty alleviation in East Java
Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) Pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Media Sosial: Bagaimana Korelasi Dengan Kecerdasan Emosional?
Full text linkThe high use of social media among university students tends to have a negative impact on the individual's psychological condition. One of them is the fear of missing out (FOMO), which is a feeling of fear of being left behind in information and events that encourages the formation of negative feelings and behavior. Protective factors are needed so that the level of fear of missing out (FOMO) does not increase, and one of them is emotional intelligence. However, there has been no correlational study between emotional intelligence and fear of missing out (FOMO) in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to identify the relationship between emotional intelligence and fear of missing out (FOMO) in university student social media users, with a quantitative correlational approach on study participants who are: (1) university students; (2) aged 18-24 years; and (3) using at least one social media. A total of 220 study participants were obtained by convenience sampling. Data collection was carried out using the Online Fear of Missing Out Inventory (ON-FOMO; 20 items; α = .792) and Alat Ukur Kecerdasan Emosional Tarumanagara (Tarumanagara Emotional Intelligence Measurement Inventory; 28 items; α = .893). The study data were analyzed using Pearson’s Product Moment, and the results showed that there was a negative correlation between emotional intelligence and fear of missing out (FOMO; rxy = - .480 > rtable; p = .000 < .05), with the strength of the relationship in the Medium category. These results mean that the higher the emotional intelligence, the lower the level of fear of missing out (FOMO), and vice versa. In addition, the results of this study show that emotional intelligence influences fear of missing out (FOMO) by 23%, with the remaining 77% contribution influenced by other factors not discussed in this study.Tingginya penggunaan media sosial pada mahasiswa cenderung menimbulkan dampak negatif pada kondisi psikologis individu. Salah satu adalah fear of missing out (FOMO), yaitu perasaan takut akan ketertinggalan informasi dan peristiwa yang mendorong terbentuknya perasaan dan perilaku negatif. Dibutuhkan faktor protektif agar tingkat fear of missing out (FOMO) tidak semakin tinggi, dan salah satunya adalah kecerdasan emosional. Walaupun demikian, belum terdapat studi korelasional antara kecerdasan emosional dengan fear of missing out (FOMO) di Indonesia. Maka dari itu, studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan fear of missing out (FOMO) pada mahasiswa pengguna media sosial, dengan pendekatan kuantitatif korelasional pada partisipan studi yang merupakan: (1) mahasiswa; (2) berusia 18-24 tahun; dan (3) menggunakan minimal satu media sosial. Sebanyak 220 partisipan studi diperoleh dengan convenience sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan Online Fear of Missing Out Inventory (ON-FOMO; 20 butir; α = 0,792) dan Alat Ukur Kecerdasan Emosional Tarumanagara (28 butir; α = 0,893). Data dianalisis dengan Pearson’s Product Moment, dan hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi negatif antara kecerdasan emosional dan fear of missing out (FOMO; rxy = - 0,480 > rtabel; p = 0,000 < 0,05), dengan kekuatan hubungan pada kategori Sedang. Hasil tersebut berarti semakin tinggi kecerdasan emosional, maka semakin rendah tingkat fear of missing out (FOMO), dan demikian pula sebaliknya. Selain itu, hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa kecerdasan emosional memengaruhi fear of missing out (FOMO) sebesar 23%, dengan sisa kontribusi 77% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak dibahas dalam studi ini
Konsep Aksis Jantung dan Saluran Cerna: Hubungan Gangguan Keseimbangan Mikrobiota Saluran Cerna dan Gagal Jantung
Full text linkDiperkirakan sekitar 64,3 juta pasien di dunia mengalami penyakit gagal jantung. Di negara berkembang, diperkirakan prevalensi orang yang diketahui menderita gagal jantung sebesar 1-2% dari populasi orang dewasa. Sampai saat ini sudah banyak penelitian yang membahas tentang tatalaksana gagal jantung sejak bertahun-tahun yang lalu. Namun prognosis penderita gagal jantung masih terbilang kurang baik dan Quality of Life (QoL) mereka menurun. Studi studi beberapa dekade terakhir menunjukan bahwa keseimbangan mikrobiota di saluran pencernaan turut serta dalam patogenesis dari aterosklerosis, penyakit jantung koroner, dan gagal jantung. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran hubungan antara gagal jantung dengan keseimbangan mikrobiota saluran cerna serta tatalaksana yang dapat diberikan sebagai alternatif yang dapat memberikan hasil optimal terhadap pasien
Optimasi Laju Alir Pengeringan Semprot Mikropartikel Asiklovir dengan Kitosan dan Natrium Tripolifosfat
Full text linkAbstract—The solubility and bioavailability limitations of acyclovir can be addressed through the microparticles formulation using the spray drying (SD) method. In this study, chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate were utilized as cross-linking agents in acyclovir microparticles (MA). This study aims to investigate the influence of SD flow rates on MA formation. The SD flow rates were set at 7.5 (L1), 6.5 (L2), and 5.5 (L3) mL/min. Functional group identification confirmed cross-linking in all MA samples. Melting point and thermal energy parameters analysis revealed differences in endothermic values between chitosan and all samples. The particle diameters of MA in L1, L2, and L3 were 8.03, 8.78, and 8.57 µm, respectively. All MA samples exhibited a roughly spherical shape. The encapsulation efficiency of L1, L2, and L3 ranged from 118.25% to 122.79%. The swelling percentage after 30 minutes reached 178.67%. The lowest moisture content of MA was observed in the L2 sample at 3.27%. The highest yield recovery was obtained in the L2 sample at 47.26%. The dissolution profiles of all samples demonstrated controlled release profile. The SD flow rate influenced encapsulation efficiency, swelling, moisture content, drug release, and yield recovery. The best characteristics of MA were achieved at a flow rate of 6.5 mL/min.
Keywords: acyclovir, chitosan, flow rate, microparticles, spray-drying
Abstrak—Keterbatasan kelarutan dan bioavailabilitas asiklovir dapat diatasi dengan pembentukan mikropartikel menggunakan metode pengeringan semprot (SD). Pada penelitian ini kitosan dan natrium tripolifosfat digunakan sebagai penyambung silang dalam mikropartikel asiklovir (MA). Ekplorasi laju alir SD diperlukan untuk mengoptimalkan karakteristik MA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh laju alir SD dalam pembentukan MA. Laju alir SD diatur pada variasi 7,5 mL/menit (L1), 6,5 mL/menit (L2), dan 5,5 mL/menit (L3). Identifikasi gugus fungsi membuktikan terjadinya sambung silang pada seluruh sampel MA. Analisa kualitatif berupa parameter titik lebur dan energi termal menunjukkan perbedaan nilai endotherm antara kitosan dengan sampel L1, L2, dam L3. Diameter partikel MA pada sampel L1, L2, dan L3 berturut-turut adalah 8,03 µm, 8,78 µm, dan 8,57 µm. Bentuk partikel ketiga sampel MA adalah sferis dengan morfologi permukaan kasar. Efisiensi enkapsulasi L1, L2, dan L3 berkisar 118,25 % sampai 122,79 %. Prosentase swelling setelah 30 menit mencapai 178,67 %. Kandungan lembap MA terendah diperoleh sampel L2 yaitu 3,27%. Perolehan kembali rendemen tertinggi sampel L2 sebanyak 47,26 %. Profil disolusi ketiga sampel menunjukkan pelepasan bertahap. Laju alir SD mempengaruhi efisiensi enkapsulasi, swelling, kandungan lembap, pelepasan obat dan perolehan kembali. Karakteristik MA terbaik pada laju alir 6,5 mL/menit.
Kata kunci: asiklovir, kitosan, laju alir, mikropartikel, pengeringan sempro
Virtual Screening, ADMET Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Approach in the Discovery of Novel Potential Sweetening Agent
Full text linkThis study presents a comprehensive in silico approach aimed at discovering novel artificial sweetener candidates through an integration of shape-based virtual screening, taste classification, ADMET evaluation, homology modeling, and molecular docking. Using saccharin as a template, compounds were screened from a large high-throughput database employing vROCS software, followed by taste prediction via VirtualTaste and Virtuous Sweet/Bitter. Two promising candidates were identified with Compound 1 exhibiting superior binding affinity against a homology-modeled human T1R2-T1R3 receptor, as evidenced by its docking score of –77.81 kcal/mol. ADMET analysis further revealed favorable pharmacokinetic properties for the compounds, suggesting their potential as safer non-caloric sweeteners. The integrative strategy not only streamlines candidate selection but also underlines the utility of molecular modeling in food science. Nevertheless, experimental validation and sensory evaluation are needed to confirm these findings and establish the compounds’ efficacy and safety profiles. These promising results encourage further in vitro and in vivo studies
EVALUASI KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN KONSTRUKSI DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA DENGAN PENDEKATAN DUPONT
Full text linkThis study aims to evaluate the financial performance of construction companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2019–2023 period using the DuPont System approach. The analysis focuses on three sample companies, PT Total Bangun Persada Tbk, PT Acset Indonusa Tbk, and PT Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk by measuring Net Profit Margin (NPM), Total Asset Turnover (TATO), and Return on Investment (ROI). The results indicate that PT Total Bangun Persada Tbk consistently recorded the strongest financial performance, with an average ROI of 4.29%. In contrast, PT Acset Indonusa Tbk experienced significant financial pressure, with an average negative ROI of (13.33)%, while PT Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk showed fluctuating performance, averaging an ROI of 0.68%. The industry average remained negative, reflecting the ongoing challenges in profitability and asset efficiency faced by the construction sector. These findings highlight the importance of asset management optimization and operational efficiency strategies to enhance the competitiveness of construction companies in Indonesia
The Effect of Market Orientation and Strategic Flexibility on Competitive Advantage through Hotel Firm Performance in Surabaya
Full text linkPurpose: The hospitality and tourism industry is a vital sector in Indonesia, significantly contributing to the country's economy. East Java is the province with the second-largest number of hotel buildings in all of Indonesia. The largest hotel star category in both Indonesia and East Java, particularly in Surabaya, the capital of East Java, is a three-star hotel. The tight competition in the hospitality industry, especially among the hotels themselves, makes business actors in this industry need to think about ways to survive. A key factor that enables a company to survive in a highly competitive industry is a competitive advantage. This study aims to investigate the impact of market orientation and strategic flexibility on a firm's competitive advantage, as measured by its performance. The study was conducted on three-, four-, and five-star hotels in Surabaya.
Method: Research data were obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to owners or managers of three-, four-, and five-star hotels in Surabaya. A total of 110 responses were used as research data and processed using SEM-PLS data processing techniques.
Result: The study's results showed that the market orientation variable had an impact on strategic flexibility and competitive advantage, but did not affect firm performance. The strategic flexibility variable was found to affect firm performance and competitive advantage. Firm performance was also found to have a significant effect on competitive advantage
A Qualitative Policy Analysis of the Trump 2.0 Universal Tariff
Full text linkPurpose: The United States’ April 2025 “Trump 2.0” order— combining a blanket 10 percent tariff with country-specific “reciprocal” surcharges—represents the largest single expansion of U.S. protectionism since the 1930s. For Indonesia, the measure imposes a 32 percent duty on its exports, threatening one tenth of merchandise sales and large segments of Java’s labour-intensive manufacturing. This study provides an early-stage qualitative policy analysis of the shock.
Method: A triangulated research design integrates: (i) comparative historical review of past U.S. tariff waves; (ii) desk analysis of high- frequency customs and freight data through March 2025; and (iii) input–output tracing with the 2021 Indonesian Supply–Use Table to assess import-content vulnerability.
Result: Findings indicate a first-year export shortfall of ~USD 1 billion (0.3 % of GDP), with 55 % of exposure concentrated in HS 85 electrical machinery, HS 61–62 apparel, and HS 64 footwear. A 10 % rupiah depreciation would raise production costs by 4.7 % in West Java electronics and 3.2 % in Central Java garments, given import coefficients of 0.47 and 0.32. Indirect spillovers are significant: China and ASEAN supply 65 % of Indonesia’s intermediate imports and are discounting diverted components, threatening assembly-line utilisation below the 85 % shutdown threshold. Policy resilience requires a five-point package: surplus-management diplomacy, selective MFN concessions on U.S. capital goods, accelerated Asia– Africa market diversification, safeguards against diversion imports, and coordinated macro-financial support for export-oriented SMEs. Future research should combine post-implementation customs data with firm-level panels to measure household income effects and evaluate mitigation efficacy
The Impact of Health Shocks and Gender on Labor Force Participation: Longitudinal Evidence from Indonesia
Full text linkThis study investigates the relationship between health dynamics and labor force participation (LFP) in Indonesia, utilizing nationally representative panel data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (Waves 3–5, 2000–2014). Employing fixed-effects and random-effects logistic regression models, we analyze the impact of health status and health shocks on LFP and examine the moderating roles of wealth and gender in this relationship. Key findings reveal a significant health premium, but one that is unequally distributed: good health increases the probability of LFP by 39.8 percentage points for men but only 15.1 percentage points for women, underscoring substantial gendered constraints. Furthermore, health shocks reduce LFP by approximately 55%, yet household wealth alone fails to buffer this negative effect. Urban-rural disparities in the health-LFP link are statistically insignificant, indicating that vulnerability is geographically widespread. Collectively, these results challenge the sufficiency of traditional coping mechanisms and underscore the urgent need for proactive, gender-sensitive social protection policies designed to mitigate health-related productivity losses. This research advances human capital theory by quantifying the gendered returns to health and the limitations of passive wealth buffers, providing an empirical foundation for targeted policy innovation in Indonesia