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Resistance to learning: reasons and remedies via a qualitative research synthesis
No full textThis literature review aims to synthesize the factors behind resistance to learning and proposes evidence-based strategies to address them, drawing on two decades of peer-reviewed research. Using a systematic qualitative review, thematic analysis with MAXQDA software identified six categories of resistance causes: psychological, sociocultural, educational, personal, cognitive, and environmental. The study underscores the intricate relationship between individual and contextual influences on learning. It advocates for a comprehensive strategy that fosters growth mindsets, active learning, and emotional and cognitive support within inclusive environments. These approaches aim to meet diverse learner needs, enhancing engagement and effectiveness. The research underscores the critical role of adaptable, inclusive educational practices in reducing resistance and boosting success. Educators, policymakers, and designers are called for a united effort to foster a conducive learning environment by thoroughly understanding learning resistance complexities and evidence-based interventions. The novelty of this study lies in combining issues of learning resistance with research-based solutions in one scholarly piece. It provides valuable insights to enhance teaching and learning, emphasizing the importance of adaptive, inclusive, and supportive educational practices to mitigate resistance and achieve improved educational outcomes
Fructose-derived glycation and immune function: Effects on antigen binding in human IgG and lymphocytes
No full textDiabetes Mellitus (DM), one of the oldest known metabolic disorders, dates back to 3000 BC and continues to have a profound impact on health and the economy. Nutrition plays a critical role in managing diabetes and enhancing overall quality of life. It is also vital for immune system function, as well as in the prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases. A key factor contributing to the global rise in obesity is the excessive consumption of fructose/glucose (corn) syrup, which leads to various metabolic complications. Uncontrolled intake of carbohydrates, particularly sugars like fructose, triggers the Maillard Reaction, a chemical process that occurs between sugars and proteins, resulting in advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). This process is accelerated in diabetic patients due to hyperglycemia, leading to increased glycation of plasma proteins such as immunoglobulins, which play an essential role in the immune system. Studies show that individuals with Diabetes Mellitus experience a higher susceptibility to infections due to increased viral entry, impaired immune responses, reduced viral clearance, and dysregulated inflammatory cytokine production. In this study, human IgG proteins were glycated in vitro using fructose, simulating the damaging effects seen in diabetic conditions. A mixture containing antioxidants like glutathione, oleuropein, and selenium was prepared and incubated with the glycated IgG to assess its protective properties. Lymphocyte cells from healthy volunteers were also treated with fructose and subjected to similar experiments. Results demonstrated that fructose significantly compromises immune function by damaging key proteins, but the antioxidant mixture effectively mitigates this damage, offering a protective mechanism against glycation in the immune system.[22.004]This study was carried out as a thesis in the YOK 100/2000 Priority Thematic Area Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering doctoral program. Dicle University Scientific Research Project Coordinatorship was supported by the Ph.D. project numbered Science-22.004. All experiments were conducted in Dicle University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Bioorganic Research Laboratory and Department of Biology, Cancer Reasearch Laboratory and DUSAM Research Laboratory, Diyarbak & imath;r, TURKEY
The crime of fraud through the use of information systems, banking or credit institutions as a tool
No full textBu yüksek lisans tez çalışmasında, 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanunu'nun 158. maddesinin 1. fıkrasının 'f' bendinde hüküm altına alınan, bilişim sistemlerinin, banka veya kredi kurumlarının araç olarak kullanılması suretiyle dolandırıcılık suçu irdelenmiştir. Ceza hukukunun, genel suç teorisi düzleminde kategorize edilerek incelenen suç, bilişim disiplini açısından da ele alınmıştır. Suça vücut veren eylemin, en karakteristik iki unsuru olan ''hile'' ''bilişim sistemleri'' ve '' ''banka maddi varlıkları'' terminolojik bir süzgeçten geçirilmiştir. Bunun yanında özellikle pratikteki yönleriyle ele alınan suç için doktrindeki görüşlere yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca pratikte en sık karşılaşılan örneklerine yer verilerek, suçun işlenme yöntemleri üzerinde durulmuş ve diğer bilişim suçlarıyla benzeşen ve ayrışan yönleri vurgulanmıştır.In this master's thesis is examined the offense of fraud committed through the use of information systems, banks, or credit institutions as instruments, as stipulated in Article 158, paragraph 1(f) of the Turkish Penal Code No. 5237. The offense, categorized within the general framework of criminal law theory, is also analyzed from the perspective of the information systems discipline. The two most characteristic elements of the act constituting the offense, namely "deception," "information systems," and "banking material assets," have been scrutinized through a terminological lens. Additionally, the offense has been discussed with a focus on its practical aspects, incorporating opinions from the doctrine. The study further includes the most frequently encountered examples in practice, emphasizing the methods of committing the offense and highlighting its similarities to and differences from other cybercrimes
Nemrut Dağı Milli Parkı
No full textNemrut Dağı Milli Parkı, Adıyaman-Kâhta Platosu'nun kuzeyi ile Güneydoğu Toros dağlarının güney kesimi arasında yer almaktadır. Dağlık kütlenin en yüksek noktasını 2206 metre ile Harabe Tepe oluşturmaktadır. Arkeolojik kaynak değerleri yanında doğal kaynak değerleri açısından da önemli olan 13850 hektarlık alanı kapsayan Nemrut Dağı ve çevresi, 7.12 1988 tarihinde Bakanlar Kurulu kararı ile Milli Park olarak ilan edilmiştir.
Güneydoğu Anadolu platosu üzerindeki kırıntılı karasal (Kumtaşı, çakıl- taşı, miltaşı) ve bunun altına gelen miyosen kireçtaşı ile kuzeyde kuzeyde Paleozoyik (1. jeolojik zaman) metamorfik kütlesi (Bitlis masifi) arasında uzanan Nemrut Dağı Yöresi, Adıyaman havzası alçak platoları üzerinde 600 metre civarındaki havza tabanından başlayarak Nemrut dağında zirveye (2206 metre) ulaşmaktadır.
Yöre, bir bütün olarak ele alındığında Güneydoğu Anadolu'da etkili olan karasal iklim kuşağına girmektedir. Ancak yörenin Akdeniz bölgesine yakınlığı nedeniyle 800 metreye kadar olan sahalarda yarı Akdeniz iklimi, yüksek kesimlerde ise karasal dağ iklimi hüküm sürmektedir.
Nemrut Dağı çevresinde, iklim, toprak ve topoğrafik şartlara bağlı olarak farklı bitki coğrafyası bölgesine giren bitki toplulukları bulunmakla birlikte yoğun olarak Kâhta Çayı yatağından başlayıp 800 metreye kadar çıkan alanlarda, özellikle güneye bakan yamaçlarda Akdeniz kökenli çalılara (maki) ve bunların oluşturduğu topluluklar yer almaktadır
Fracture modelling of A4-80 stainless steel bolts in different bolted connection components
No full textTo accurately model the structural collapse of the stainless steel beam to column connections under extreme loading situation, it is necessary to incorporate a reliable fracture model which replicates the observed structural response of the components. Since bolt fracture quite often governs the ultimate strength and deformation capacity of bolted connections which can also lead to failure of overall joint, it is therefore important to consider the fracture in the numerical analysis of such connections. Upon recent studies on characterisation of fracture properties of austenitic stainless steel bolts, incorporation of the bolt fracture into the numerical analysis of different stainless steel components has been studied in this study. To show the reliability and validity of recently proposed fracture model for stainless steel bolts, an advanced numerical model has been developed herein to simulate the structural behaviour of different components in stainless steel bolted connections such as threaded and unthreaded bolts, bolted T-stubs and moment resisting frame. The developed numerical model has been validated against the existing experimental data and comprehensively reported. The experimental response of all considered components which ultimately failed by bolt fracture under pure tension, were all accurately predicted by the developed fracture modelling approach
The M1/M2 macrophage polarization and hepatoprotective activity of quercetin in cyclophosphamide-induced experimental liver toxicity
No full textBackground: Chemotherapy drugs may lead to hepatic injury, which is considered one of the limitations of these drugs. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of quercetin (QUE) on M1/M2 macrophage polarization and hepatoprotective effect in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced liver toxicity. Methods: Twenty-four mice were divided into four groups (Control, QUE, CTX, CTX + QUE). The CTX and CTX + QUE groups received 200 mg/kg CTX. The animals in the QUE and CTX + QUE groups received 50 mg/kg QUE. All animals were sacrificed, and serum and liver samples were used for laboratory analyses. Results: Examinations indicated that CTX exposure led to disruption of liver functions and morphological degenerations. Tissue pro-apoptotic Bax and caspase 3, pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, transcription factor NF-kappa B, and M1 macrophage polarization marker CD86 were upregulated significant (p 0.05) to the control and QUE groups. The M1 cell surface marker expression of CD86 is significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated, and M2 macrophage polarization marker expression of CD163 is upregulated significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the CTX group. Conclusions: This study indicates that QUE has the potential to downregulate CTX-induced hepatic injury and regulate M1/M2 macrophage polarization to the M2 side, which indirectly demonstrates activation of anti-inflammatory signalling and tissue repair
Exploring subordination and argument behavior in a new class of analytic functions
No full textThe class Ap includes functions with a specific starting term and higher-order terms in their series, and studying these functions involves examining their analytic properties, argument behavior, and subordination characteristics, which lead to various interesting and significant results in complex analysis. The functions within Ap are designed to explore properties that arise from their structure and the way their series are constructed, and the main interest in this class lies in analyzing how these functions behave in various mathematical contexts, particularly in relation to argument shifts and the relationships between different functions. In a nutshell, the class Ap offers a framework for examining a specific type of analytic function with a structured series expansion, thereby allowing for a deeper investigation into their mathematical properties and applications. The new class Ap, which is related to the class Ap, is characterized by functions that are analytic in the open unit disk and have a specific series expansion involving fractional powers. The object of this paper is to discuss some interesting applications of f(z)is an element of Ap concerning argument problems and subordinations, and furthermore, prominent examples for the main results are given
Mitochondrial miRNAs and fibromyalgia: new biomarker candidates
No full textntroduction / objective: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), affecting 3–10% of the population, presents a challenge due to its complex symptomatology. Mitochondrial miRNAs (mitomiRs) are highlighted for their significant role in metabolic disorders. This study aimed to assess demographic data in Primer FMS patients and explore potential targets through mitomiR profiling. Methods: In our study, we examined 17 FMS patients and 18 controls, chosen based on specific criteria. Mitochondria were isolated from PBMCs in patient/control blood samples using the MACS method. Mitochondrial purity was verified through RT-qPCR and Western Blot. Following this, we extracted microRNAs and analyzed the levels of 3 mitochondrial miRNAs linked to oxidative stress (mitomiR-145-5p, mitomiR-23a-3p, mitomiR-223-3p) using RT-qPCR. Results: It was found that pain (P < 0.0001), fatigue (P = 0.0005), sleep quality (P < 0.0001), and depression (P < 0.0001) scores were significantly different in the FMS patient group compared to the control group. But the average BMI values have no difference compared to the control group (p = 0.7473). For the first time, a significant increase in mitomiR-145-5p was observed in the PBMCs of FMS patients compared to the control group (p = 0.0010). There was no significant difference observed in the gene expression levels of mitomiR-223-3p (p = 0.1623) and mitomiR-23a-3p (p = 0.4897). Conclusion: We demonstrated that mitomiR-145-5p plays a significant role in the progression of FMS pathology. Our study offers new insights, suggesting that mitochondrial miRNAs may have roles in FMS patients, which has not been previously investigated in the literature, thus providing a fresh perspective on the condition.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu TDK-2021-2615
Dokuz Eylul University 223S01
Investigating convolutional and transformer-based models for classifying Mild Cognitive Impairment using 2D spectral images of resting-state EEG
No full textAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia among the elderly, leading to significant cognitive and functional impairments. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) serves as a transitional stage that may precede dementia, with some individuals remaining stable, some improving, and others progressing to various types of dementia, including AD. Electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a valuable tool for early monitoring and diagnosis of dementia. This paper addresses the challenge of MCI classification using EEG data by exploring the effectiveness of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformer-based models. We introduce an innovative methodology for converting non-linear raw EEG recordings into suitable input images for deep learning networks. The dataset comprises EEG recordings from 10 MCI patients and 10 Healthy Control (HC) subjects. We utilize spectral images of scalograms, spectrograms, and their hybrid forms as input sets due to their effectiveness in recognizing transitions in non-stationary signals. Our results demonstrate that CNNs, transfer learning architectures, hybrid architectures, and the transformer-based Vision Transformer (ViT) method effectively classify these images. The highest performance rates were achieved with spectrogram images, yielding accuracy rates of 0.9927 for CNN and 0.9938 for ViT, with ViT exhibiting greater stability during training. While CNNs excel at capturing local pixel interactions, they overlook global relationships within images. This study provides a comprehensive exploration of EEG-based MCI classification, highlighting the potential impact of our findings on clinical practices for dementia classification. © 2025 Elsevier Lt
Curcumin exerts protective effects against valproic acid-induced testicular damage through modulating the JAK1/STAT-3/IL-6 signaling pathway in rats
No full textObjective(s): This experiment was carried out to investigate the protective effects of curcumin (CUR) on testicular damage induced by the valproic acid (VPA) administration. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar-Albino rats (n=28, 250-300 g) were randomly divided into four groups: Control (1 ml saline, oral), VPA (500 mg/kg, IP), CUR (200 mg/kg, oral), or VPA+CUR (500 mg/kg, VPA, IP plus 200 mg/kg CUR, oral). The treatments were applied for 14 days. Serum testosterone and testis [Janus kinases1 (JAK1), signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 interleukin-18 (IL-18), and nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B)] samples were collected for biochemical analyses. Semen samples were subjected to microscopy for spermatological parameters. Testis tissue was also analyzed for histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. Results: The VPA administration caused a 37% decrease in serum testosterone concentration and 5.32, 9.51, 2.44, and 3.68-fold increases in testicular tissue JAK1, STAT-3, IL-6, and MDA levels, respectively. There were also 50, 52, and 72% reductions in sperm motility, sperm viability, and the mean testicular biopsy score, respectively, accompanied by considerable degenerative changes and necrosis in seminiferous tubules in the VPA group. There is also an immune-positive reaction for IL-18 and NF-kappa B in only Leydig cells. Conclusion: The CUR treatment may be beneficial in restoring testicular damage through antiinflammatory and anti-oxidant potential.Coordinator of Scientific Research Projects at Artvin Coruh University, Turkey [2020.M84.02.01]This work was supported by the Coordinator of Scientific Research Projects [2020.M84.02.01] at Artvin Coruh University, Turkey