Bioscientia Medicina - Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
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Effect of Artemisia vulgaris Extract on VEGF Expression, CD34, Microvascular Density, and Diameter of Mammary Adenocarcinoma Tumors: In vivo Study
Get PDFBackground. Breast cancer in Indonesia still has a high incidence. Surgery remains the main choice with other modalities such as chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy such as Artemisia vulgaris (AV). This study aimed to prove that administration of AV extract reduced VEGF expression, CD34 and microvascular density (MVD), and tumor diameter in mammary adenocarcinoma.
Methods. This study used a "Posttest only control group design" design for 24 female C3H mice which were selected randomly and divided into four groups, namely: group K (control), P1 (chemotherapy), P2 (extract), and P3. (combination). Mammary adenocarcinoma was derived from the inoculation of donor mice. AC chemotherapy (Adriamycin 0.18 mg and Cyclophosphamide 1.8 mg) was given in 2 cycles. AV is given at a dose of 13 mg (0.2 ml) once a day orally. VEGF and CD34 expression were assessed by immunohistochemical staining whereas MVD was assessed by the hematoxylin-eosin stain. Tumor diameter was measured using tumor calipers.
Results. There was a significant relationship between CD34 expression and tumor diameter (p<0.001; r=0.927). There was a significant relationship between CD34 expression and MVD features (p<0.001; r=0.906). There was a significant relationship between CD34 and VEGF expression (p<0.001; r=0.986). There was a significant relationship between tumor diameter and VEGF expression (p<0.001; r=0.903). There was a significant relationship between tumor diameter and the appearance of MVD (p<0.001; r=0.882). There was a significant relationship between VEGF expression and MVD features (p<0.001; r=0.893).
Conclusion. AV extract gave a higher response to chemotherapy in mammary adenocarcinoma of C3H mice given AC. a chemotherapy regimen (p=<0.05)
The Effectiveness of Adding Rice Husk Nanosilica to the Flexural Strength of Opaque Porcelain Coatings on Metal Ceramic Dental Crowns
Get PDFBackground. Failure of dentures that are unable to withstand flexural forces is often a major problem in the use of metal-ceramic crowns. The use of rice husk nano-silica powder has been extensively researched in dentistry because of its ability to improve mechanical properties. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of nano-silica particles from rice husks on the flexural strength of the opaque layer on Co-Cr metal-ceramic crowns.
Methods. The type of research is experimental laboratories in vitro with posttest only control group design. The research samples were rectangular Co-Cr metal and porcelain plated on top of the metal center totaling 25 samples which were divided into 5 treatment groups. Flexural strength measurement with three-point bending at UTM. Data were analyzed by independent T-test and way ANOVA.
Results. flexural strength of Co-Cr metal ceramic crown with the addition of 0.25% rice husk silica; 0.5%; 0.75%.1% in the opaque layer is 70.431±4.168; 84.093±2.852; 100,672±4,182 and 115,092±3,821, respectively.
Conclusion. There is an increase in the flexural strength of metal ceramic crowns with the addition of 0.25% silica; 0.5%; 0.75%,1% on opaque coating
Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio Related to Patients Outcome in Moderate Head Injury Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Get PDFBackground. Head injury is still a major health problem that is a common cause of disability and death. Moderate head injuries are quite common with outcomes varying patient examination of neutrophils and lymphocytes is quite routinely carried out in health services and the combination of these two values has a stronger predictive value for assessing outcomes in patients because it describes an inflammatory reaction. The GOS is a commonly used scale for classifying patient outcomes. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the ratio of neutrophil-lymphocytes (RNL) to the Glascow outcome scale (GOS) in moderate head injury patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
Methods. This study has a cross-sectional with samples from moderate head injury patients with CT scan images of intracerebral hemorrhage in Dr. M. Djamil Padang in 2021 and 2022. The data comes from medical records and observations of samples that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 36 subjects participated in this study.
Results. Most of the subjects (61.1%) were male. A total of 55.6% of subjects had RNL ≥ 7.35 with 44.4% of subjects having poor GOS. In this study, a statistically significant relationship was found between the ratio of neutrophil- lymphocytes in patients with moderate head injury with intracerebral hemorrhage and the Glasgow outcome scale (p-value = 0.005).
Conclusion. RNL can predict outcomes in moderate head injury patients with intracerebral hemorrhage
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Get PDFBackground: Chronic fatigue syndrome is a collection of symptoms characterized by complaints of fatigue that lasts for at least six months or more. It can be accompanied by symptoms of low-grade fever, myalgia, arthralgia, cephalgia, and a sore throat that is sometimes accompanied by enlarged glands. The main psychological symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome are depression and sleep disturbances.
Case Presentation: A 26-year old male patient was treated with a main complaint of feeling tired since 6 months before he was admitted to the hospital. The patient claimed that he was unable to do activities independently because he experienced extreme tiredness. He also complained of a headache that was felt when under stress and was not relieved by rest along with a stabbing-like pain that moved around throughout his body, which also does not decrease with changes in position or rest. He also has heartburn felt since 4 months ago when eating spicy foods, eating late, and especially when experiencing mental stress, which often was accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The results of his physical, laboratory and supporting examinations were all within normal limits. The patient was then diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome and functional dyspepsia.
Conclusion: Approaches to medical treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome can be done based on general treatment of physical and psychological symptoms experienced. In these circumstances, antidepressant drug therapy and psychotherapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy is needed. In addition, rehabilitation therapy may also be necessary because several studies show that gradual physical exercise yield significant improvement in chronic fatigue syndrome patients
Factors Affecting Chronic Heart Failure in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease at Bhayangkara Hospital Denpasar
Get PDFBackground: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have a twofold risk of developing heart failure. A number of factors in ESRD patients are related to chronic heart failure (CHF). The intervention of cardiovascular risk factors in the early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) can reduce mortality from heart disease and slow the severity of kidney deterioration. This study aims to examine the factors that affect CHF in patients with ESRD.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic observational study of 49 patients with ESRD based on consecutive sampling. The data collected were primary and secondary data on ESRD patients at the Cardiac Polyclinic, Internal Medicine Polyclinic, and the Medical Records Unit Bhayangkara Hospital Denpasar.
Results: In this study, it was found that most patients were in the age group ≥40 years (92%) and male gender (63%). From the chi-square test analysis, it was found that the factors affecting CHF in patients with ESRD are hypertension (HT) (p-value < 0.001) with prevalence ratio (PR) 11.19 (1.69-73.92), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (p-value = 0.008) with PR 1.72 (1.18-2.51), obesity (p-value < 0.001) with PR 6.67 (2.34-18.92), and smoking (p-value = 0.027) with PR 1.6 (1.02-2.49).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the factors affecting CHF in patients with ESRD are HT, T2DM, obesity, and smoking. The results of this study are expected to be used as an illustration so that in the future, prevention can be made for factors affecting CHF in ESRD patients
SARS-CoV-2 Serology Antibody in Children with MIS-C (Multiple Inflammatory Syndrome in Children) Suspected
Get PDFBackground: Multiple inflammatory syndromes in children (MIS-C) relate to COVID-19 severity in children. SARS-CoV-2 serology antibody is one of the diagnostic tools of MIS-C. The study aimed to describe the yield of serology antibodies of MIS-C and some characteristics found in hospitalized children with MIS-C suspects.
Methods: This research was an analytic observational study. The data were collected retrospectively from some children who were hospitalized in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia, from April - June 2021. The inclusion criteria were children aged 1 month to 18 years, with or without contact history with the person who probable or confirmed COVID-19 and have signs and symptoms as MIS-C base on WHO criteria.
Results: About eight out of 44 children showed positive serology antibodies and were diagnosed as MISC (18,2%). Based on demographic characteristics, children aged 11-15 years (27.3%) and boys were more affected (52.3%) as MIS-C suspected. Most of them were referred from a 2nd-level hospital outside Padang City (70.4%), but only 13.6% had a history of contact with COVID-19 confirmation patients. There was a significant difference in cardiovascular signs and symptoms between positive and negative serology antibody SARS-CoV-2 among children with MIS-C suspected (p<0.05), but not in fever, respiratory distress, gastrointestinal, neurology symptoms, either in laboratory results such as leukocytes, CRP and D-dimmer. Intravenous immunoglobulin, steroid, and PICU admitted showed no significant differences between the 2 groups, but more death prevalence in positive than negative. However, no significant differences (12.5% vs. 11.1%, p>0.05).
Conclusion: Cardiovascular signs and symptoms could be proposed to be one of the significant differences in clinical conditions to differentiated children with MIS-C suspected and MIS-C due to serology antibody results
Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Cholestatic Jaundice Caused by Adenocarcinoma Pancreas with Hepatitis B Infection: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Cholestasis is defined as the stagnation of biliary duct secretion. Intrahepatic jaundice cholestasis is caused by inflammation that happens intrahepatic from an infection such as hepatitis. Meanwhile, extrahepatic cholestasis is caused by obstruction of the biliary duct outside the liver. Stagnation of the bile flow due to these couple of conditions occurring concurrently has been rarely reported. Biliary duct stagnation that occurs with an infection of hepatocytes will cause more serious and progressive effects.
Case presentation: A 73 years old woman with extrahepatic and intrahepatic cholestasis caused by pancreatic adenocarcinoma along with chronic hepatitis B. The diagnosis is made based on clinical findings, lab findings, and radiology findings. Quick action is mandatory to prevent complications caused by hyperbilirubinemia and slows the progression of hepatitis B-induced liver fibrosis. A Whipple procedure was performed on this patient to treat the biliary duct obstruction. The patient's condition improved after surgery. The patient is then planned to be given adjuvant chemotherapy, preceded by the administration of antivirals for hepatitis.
Conclusion: Cholestasis jaundice causes hyperbilirubinemia that presents with clinical complaints such as jaundice, itchy and could cause several complications due to damage to the liver tissue whose clinical manifestations are related to impaired liver function caused by hyperbilirubinemia in the form of hypoalbumin, hypercoagulation, and in advanced stages can end up with liver cirrhosis. The principle management for cholestatic jaundice is bile duct decompression which is expected to rule out the etiology of the blockage. Tenofovir was given before chemotherapy in these patients to prevent hepatitis flare due to hepatitis B
The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Increased Anxiety of Cancer Survivors of Wijayakusuma Group
Get PDFBackground. Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus. The increasing number of COVID-19 cases have caused anxiety problems in several countries. Breast cancer patients already have anxiety about their own disease. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this anxiety might be increased due to the fear of getting infected both in the environment where they live or in the hospital.
Methods. This is a descriptive observative study, on females with history of cancer in the Wijayakusuma group, Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Central Java during February – March 2021. Data collected using questionnaire based on Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) that the question was modified for evaluating anxiety about COVID-19 pandemic in breast cancer patients. Data analyzed using SPSS 23rd version
Results. In this study, the breast cancer patient who not anxious were 19.1%, slightly anxious 35.5%, moderate anxious 23.6%, and severe anxious 21.8%. 74,5% patients feel they must wash their hands more often. 60,9% were worried about possibility of contracting COVID-19 of their members, 49,1% afraid of COVID-19, 50,9% were not afraid about COVID-19, 44,5% feel uncomfortable when think about COVID-19, and 40,9% Feel that COVID-19 is life-threatening.
Conclusion. There was increase of anxiety level. There was a behavioral change in patients where patients wash their hands more often due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Successful Long-Term Monitoring of Children with Scrofuloderma, Malnutrition, and HIV
Get PDFBackground: Scrofuloderma is a skin TB that occurs percontinuitatum from tissues underneath, such as lymph nodes, muscles, and bones. It often affects children and young adults. The incidence of TB disease is estimated to increase 20-fold in children with HIV infection. Poor nutrition can affect the mortality rate of children with HIV infection. This case report presents long-term monitoring of boys aged 1 year 5 months with scrofuloderma, malnutrition, and HIV infection. The case report aims to assist children and caregivers in undergoing treatment to prevent drug withdrawal and nutritional procedures and monitor the growth and development of children.
Case presentation: A 1-year and 5-month-old boy with a complaint of ulcers on his right neck since 12 months ago. He also complained of diarrhea 12 months ago, accompanied by recurrent stomatitis and progressive weight loss since 3 months ago. He looked pale 1 month ago. Blood laboratory examination with hemoglobin 5.1 gr/dl, leukocytes 5280 / mm3, platelets 323,000 / mm3, hematocrit 20%, reactive anti-HIV test, CD4 examination with a value of 178 cells / L, negative tuberculin test, a chest x-ray showed infiltrate in both lung fields, and bajah examination of the nodules in the Colli dextra region, with the impression of granulomatous inflammation that can be caused by mycobacterial infection.
Conclusion: Tuberculosis is the most common opportunistic infection found in children with HIV infection and increases the mortality rate. There is a relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of mortality in HIV/AIDS children, so it is necessary to monitor children for adherence to treatment, improve nutritional status and reduce morbidity and mortality rates
Correlation of Absolute Lymphocyte Count with Severity of COVID-19 at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang
Get PDFBackground: The rRT-PCR examination is very effective as a diagnostic tool for COVID-19 but cannot be a full reference as an evaluation examination because rRT-PCR is able to capture the genetic material of the virus without ensuring that the virus is still alive or only dead particles. This study aims to explore the correlation between absolute lymphocyte values and the severity of COVID-19 at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang.
Methods: This study is an observational study involving 413 research subjects at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate.
Results: The absolute number of lymphocytes with the severity of COVID-19 has a negative correlation, with a strong correlation strength, which is expressed by the value of r = -0.617 and the degree of significance of p = 0.000.
Conclusion: There is a correlation between absolute lymphocyte count and the severity of COVID-19 at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang