Bioscientia Medicina - Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
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The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Kersen Leaf (Muntingia Calabura L.) on Reducing Triglyceride Levels in Hypercholesterolemic Rats
Get PDFBackground: Kersen leaf has the potential to lower triglycerides because they contain flavonoids and tannins.
Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory study with a pre and post-test with a control group design. The subjects were 30 white male rats (Rattus norvegicus), bodyweight ±200 grams, aged 3-4 months, and divided into 5 groups with random sampling. The groups were negative control (K-) was given a high-fat diet, and PTU without any treatment, positive control (K+) was given a high-fat diet, and PTU with gemfibrozil treatment, (P1),(P2),(P3) was given a high-fat diet and PTU with ethanol extract of Kersen leaf 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBB. This study was held for 4 weeks. Triglyceride level was measured using the GPO-PAP method. The data was analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, Levene test, and ANOVA test.
Results: The ethanol extract of Kersen leaf dose 100, 200 and 400 mg/kgWB are found effective on reducing blood triglyceride levels with a mean reduction in the first treatment of 112,83 mg/dl, 98,20 mg/dl, 89,92 mg/dl and in the second treatment of 106,71 mg/dl, 93,95 mg/dl dan 76,87 mg/dl. Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA showed p<0,05, which determines a significant difference in triglyceride levels among each group.
Conclusion: Extract dose of 400 mg/kgWB is found to be the most effective dose in triglyceride reduction
Knowledge and Attitudes of Pregnant Women Toward Iron Supplementation During Pregnancy in the Work Area of Pegasing Health Center Central Aceh in 2021
Get PDFBackground: This study aims to determine the extent of knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women toward the consumption of iron tablets in the working area of Pegasing Health Center, Pegasing District, Central Aceh Regency, in 2021.
Methods: This research is descriptive research. The research sample was 35 pregnant women in the working area of Pegasing Health Center. Data were collected and measured using a questionnaire of 40 questions, 20 questions about knowledge, and 20 questions about attitudes.
Results: The mother's knowledge about the definition and need for iron is in the sufficient category (41.86%), the impact of iron deficiency is in a good category (74.29%) the purpose of giving iron is in the good category (57.14%) containing a source of iron is in the sufficient category (65.71%) while the attitude of pregnant women to the consumption of iron tablets is in a good category (42.86%).
Conclusion: Most of the respondents have a sufficient level of knowledge regarding the definition, benefits, and food sources of iron during pregnancy. Most pregnant women are well aware of the impact of iron deficiency and the purpose of iron tablet supplementation during pregnancy. The majority of respondents have a good attitude towards iron supplementation during pregnancy
Botanical and Chemical Overview, Traditional Uses and Potential of Anticancer Activity from Several Costus Plants: A Narrative Review
Get PDFPlants in the Costus genus are known to have various activities, starting from an antibacterial agent, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and so on. From some previous studies that have been conducted, it is stated that some Costus plants have a high potential to be a prospective anticancer candidate in the future. This review will discuss botanical and chemical overview, traditional uses, and potential anticancer activity of several Costus plants, namely C.speciosus, C.igneus, C.spiralis, and C.pictus. In conclusion, anticancer activity assay was carried out by several methods using various cell cultures resulting in an IC50 value ranging from strong and very strong, with the strongest potency belonging to C.speciosus with an IC50 value of 13.87 µg/ml. In addition, the active phytoconstituent, mainly diosgenin, contributes to the anticancer activity, which also strengthens the potential of Costus plants
Effects of Ozonized Aloe Vera Oil on Full-Thickness Excision Wound Healing: In Vivo Study
Get PDFBackground. Disruption to the healing process of these wounds will consume large resources and will often require long-term medical management. Aloe vera oil is rich in anthraquinone compounds, especially emodin and chrysophanol. Anthraquinones have potent anti-inflammatory effects, which have the potential to activate various growth factors and chemokines and initiate angiogenesis processes that play a major role in wound healing. The ability of ozone to trigger mild oxidative stress plays an important role in triggering a cascade of cytokines and chemokines, including the initiation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins that play a role in the initiation of angiogenesis.
Methods: This study is an in vivo experimental study. A total of 60 rats were divided into 10 treatment and control groups. The treatment group was given ozonized aloe vera oil 600 mg/mL, 1200 mg/mL and 1800 mg/mL. Furthermore, the assessment of VEGF and new blood vessel formation was carried out. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 software with univariate and bivariate tests.
Results: The administration of ozonized aloe vera oil was able to increase the expression of VEGF, and the number of new blood vessels in the excision wound tissue.
Conclusion: Ozonized aloe vera oil is effective in promoting excision wound tissue repair in vivo
Secukinumab Therapy on Psoriasis at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang
Get PDFBackground: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease mediated by T lymphocytes. IL-17 or IL-22 plays an important role in the chronic inflammatory process. Secukinumab is an effective biological agent therapy with a molecular target, IL-17A. This study aimed to describe PASI improvement and safety of using secukinumab in psoriasis patients at the Dermatology and Venereology Clinic Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang.
Methods: This study was a retrospective, descriptive-analytic study. The inclusion criteria of this study were all medical record data of patients diagnosed with cutaneous psoriasis through anamnesis, clinical and histopathology examination, treated with secukinumab from January 2018 to December 2020.
Results: Psoriasis patients with secukinumab therapy were 15 people. The number of male patients was 8 people, the mean age (+ SD) was 40.4, + 12.34 years, and the age range was 19-64 years. A family history of psoriasis was present in 2 patients (13.4%). Psoriasis vulgaris was the most prevalent type of psoriasis and was treated with secukinumab in 8 patients (53.3%). Another type was pustular psoriasis (20%) and erythrodermic psoriasis (26,7%). The triggers of exacerbations obtained in this study include occupation, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, and infections. PASI 75 was achieved by 13 patients (86.7%) at week 12, and all patients achieved DLQI<5. There were no adverse events during the use of secukinumab.
Conclusion: The improvement of PASI and DLQI scores were achieved at week 12 in accordance with previous studies. Risk factors do not reduce the therapeutic effect of secukinumab in achieving PASI 75
The Role of Debridement and Spinal Fusion on Frankel Grade, ESR Levels, and CRP in Tuberculosis Spondylitis at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: The surgical strategy in the full management of spinal tuberculosis is to debride the tuberculous infection lesion with debridement adequate treatment, reduce symptoms of compression of nerves with adequate decompression, promote the improvement of nerve function, correct kyphosis and prevent deformity, and rebuild spinal stability. This study aims to evaluate the management of debridement and spinal fusion for clinical improvement as assessed by Frankel grade and improvement of laboratory features as assessed by ESR and CRP.
Methods: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional approach which was conducted on 34 research subjects using secondary data. Univariate and bivariate data analysis was conducted to explore the role of debridement and spinal fusion on Frankel grade and ESR and CRP levels.
Results: Clinical improvement was seen pre and postoperatively related to Frankel grade. The majority of research subjects experienced improvement based on the Frankel grade. ESR and CRP levels.
Conclusion: The action of debridement and spinal fusion plays a role in clinical improvement based on Frankel grade and laboratory improvement based on ESR and CRP values
Lactobacillus Reuteri DSM 17938 in Infantile Colic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground. Infantile colic, defined as paroxysmal, excessive, and consolable crying without an identifiable cause. It is common in the first 3 months of life. There have been many RCT studies conducted. A systematic synthesis is required to summarize the results of these RCTs. This study was aimed to systematically analyze the benefits of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 for infantile colic.
Methods. This systematic review and meta-analysis used keywords: (“infantile colic” OR “abdominal cramps” OR “abdominal cramp” OR “infant colic”) AND “lactobacillus reuteri” AND (placebo OR placebos) AND (“randomized controlled trial” OR RCT). The databases used were: pubmed, science direct, and google scholar. Meta-analysis was conducted to combine the articles. The eligibility criteria were: patient with infantile colic, intervention with L. reuteri DSM 17938, control was placebo, RCT study design, outcome with dichotomous scale, all races, all ethnicities, all countries, all genders, in English, and not limited by year.
Results. The search resulted in 800 articles. After reducing duplication, the number of articles was 747. Screening with titles and abstracts resulted in 13 full teks articles. Six articles fitted the eligibility criteria. The results of the meta-analysis were as follows. The forest plot showed that the combined effect of the six articles showed an RR of 0.47 and was statistically significant (p <0.001).
Conclusion. Based on the results of this meta-analysis, L. reuteri DSM 17938 is recommended for infants with infantile colic. There were no significant side effects with the use of L. reuteri DSM 17938 on infantile colic
Accuracy of Heart Auscultation Examination by General Practitioners From Various Levels of Competency in Detection of Heart Abnormality in Basic School Children
Get PDFBackground. Most of heart defects in children do not show typical clinical symptoms. Ten percent of the cases are late detected. Echocardiography is an examination with high sensitivity and specificity in detecting heart defects in children, but it cannot be performed by all health workers, expensive and not always available in hospitals. Auscultation is an important part of a physical examination that inexpensive, easy examination, and becomes a competency of all doctors. The aim of this study to determine the accuracy of the screening method by listening to murmurs on heart auscultation by various levels of physician competence.
Methods. This is a diagnostic test of 250 elementary school children held in the pediatric ward of dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang from September to November 2019. The auscultation examination was performed by three pediatrics resident from three stages (i.e. junior, middle and senior), followed by echocardiography examinations by a pediatric cardiologist.
Results. The highest sensitivity of auscultation was found in senior resident, 42.4%, while the lowest was found in junior resident, 12.1%. The results of the kappa analysis of the cardiac auscultation examination on the three examiners showed a poor level of agreement on junior stage compared to senior resident (k = 0.189; CI = 0.033-0.346) and the level of agreement was sufficient in junior stage compared to middle stage resident (k = 0.297; CI = 0.134 -0.461) and middle stage compared to senior resident (k = 0.301; CI = 0.147-0.456).
Conclusion. Experience and length of learning will affect the accuracy of the auscultation examination in detecting heart defects in children
Long Covid Incidence and Influencing Factors of Covid-19 Survivors in the Working Area of Lubuk Begalung Health Center, Padang
Get PDFBackground. Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infection caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clinical symptoms depending on the clinical severity of the patient which consists of mild, moderate, severe and critical. In COVID-19 patients who recover, pulmonary fibrosis can occur, which can lead to impaired lung function. In addition, there are also long covid complaints such as shortness of breath, nausea, coughing.
Methods. The research design is an observational study. The study was conducted at the Lubuk Begalung Padang Health Center from January 2021 to March 2021. The study population was all mild, moderate to severe COVID-19 patients in the working area of the Lubuk Begalung Padang Health Center and experienced long covid symptoms.
Results. The average age of COVID-19 survivors in this study was 46 years with a higher prevalence of women than men. The results of the pulmonary vap examination of most of the respondents were within normal limits. The most common distribution of clinical severity in this study was mild. The most common symptoms of long covid are weakness and muscle aches.
Conclusion. No correlation was found between the clinical complaints of survivors with the clinical severity and lung function
The Potential of Bilimbi Leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) Extract as Irrigation Solution to Remove Smear Layer in Dental Root Canal: An Invitro Study
Get PDFBackground: Root canal treatment is performed to eliminate the infection in the pulp tissue. One of the critical steps in root canal treatment is irrigation, which aims to clean debris and smear layer. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of star fruit extract (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% with EDTA 17% in cleaning the smear layer on the one-third of apical root canals.
Methods: This type of research is an experimental in vitro laboratory with a post-test only control group design. The sample of this study consisted of 25 premolars which were randomly divided into five groups. The teeth were instrumented with a K-file and irrigated with the following materials: groups I, II, III, and IV using bilimbi leaves extract, each with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and group V (positive control). ) using 17% EDTA. SEM (scanning electron microscope) was used to measure the cleanliness score of the smear layer on the apical third of the root canal. This study showed that bilimbi leaves extract was able to clean the smear layer on the one-third of the apical root canal.
Results: The results of the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between all treatment groups. The highest average smear layer cleanliness score in the apical third of the root canals was EDTA 17%, while the lowest average smear layer cleanliness score was 5% bilimbi leaves extract.
Conclusion: Bilimbi leaves extract with a concentration of 20% was considered more effective among the extract groups, and 17% EDTA was the most effective in cleaning the smear layer on one-third of the root canals