Bioscientia Medicina - Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
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The Role of Corticosteroids in the Management of Drug Allergy: A Narrative Literature Review
Get PDFDrug allergy is an adverse drug reaction that occurs through an immune reaction that occurs through IgE or a rapid hypersensitivity reaction with various mechanisms and clinical presentations. One of the therapeutic modalities for drug allergies is corticosteroids. In allergic processes, corticosteroids can suppress the production and effects of humoral factors involved in the inflammatory response, inhibit the migration of leukocytes to sites of inflammation, and interfere with the function of endothelial cells, granulocytes, mast cells, and fibroblasts. This literature review aimed to describe the role of corticosteroids in the management of drug allergies. Corticosteroids are used very widely in the treatment of various allergic diseases because of their strong anti-inflammatory properties. Corticosteroids inhibit the synthesis of a number of cytokines, such as the interleukins IL-1 to IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). In conclusion, corticosteroids are one of the therapeutic modalities in various manifestations of drug allergies. Every drug allergy gets the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids with different choices, routes, and doses for each manifestation
The Effectiveness of Combination Therapy of Needling and Secretome from Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Serum 10%) for Acne Scar Treatment
Get PDFBackground: Acne scars can have various impacts on individuals, both physical and psychological. Acne scars arise as a result of complications from acne vulgaris. This study purposed to determine the effectiveness of the treatment using a combination of SC-PWJMSC with microneedling for acne scars.
Methods: Pre-post clinical trial involving patients with acne scar. The intervention used in this study was a combination therapy of microneedling and secretome from mesenchymal stem cells. The intervention was carried out 1 time and monitored for 42 days. Primary outcome in the form of Observer visual scar assessment scale (OVSAS) was assessed at baseline and 42nd day, Secondary outcome (regenerative parameters) was assessed at baseline, 21st day and 42nd day.
Results: There was a significant change in the primary and secondary outcomes (p-value <0.001) without any significant side effects.
Conclusion: This study showed that combining needing with secretome from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) led to satisfactory results in repairing acne scars and in a number of other ways (secondary outcomes). On the other hand, there are limitations in this study in the form of no comparison therapy for the treatment of acne scar
Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Premarital Age Adolescents at Siloam Hospital Semarang Period 2019 – 2022
Get PDFBackground: Sexually transmitted infection (STI) is an infectious disease that is transmitted through sex. Changing times and views on sexuality are thought to have caused major shifts in sexual habits and lifestyles. Adolescents are uniquely at risk for STIs from a behavioral and biological perspective.
Methods: This study is a descriptive study by collecting secondary data in the form of medical records at dermatology and venereology clinics at Siloam Hospital Semarang for the period 2019 - 2022 to see the number of STI cases in premarital adolescents, namely ages ≤24 years in males and ≤20 years in females.
Results: The number of STI cases in premarital adolescent boys in 2019 was 28 people (36.4%). In 2020 there were 50 people (25.9%). In 2021 there will be 93 people (29.1%). And in 2022, there will be 112 people (27.7%). Then in premarital adolescent girls, in 2019, there was 1 case of STI (1.3%), 2 people (1%) in 2020, 7 people (2.2%) in 2021, and 8 people (2%) in 2022. Even though the percentage has fluctuated, the number of cases has continued to increase.
Conclusion: The number of STI cases in premarital adolescents, age ≤24 years for males and ≤20 years for females, in the 2019 - 2022 period at Siloam Hospital Semarang continues to increase every year. Many factors are thought to influence this phenomenon
Essential Thrombocythemia in Young Women
Get PDFBackground: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a rare disease in which there is an increase in the platelet count of more than 450,000/mm3. An increase in the number of platelets occurs due to increased proliferation of megakaryocyte series. Although there is an increase in the number of platelets in ET, it has impaired function. ET clinical manifestations in 50% of cases are asymptomatic, but in symptomatic cases can be vascular occlusive events or microvascular thrombosis.
Case presentation: A 22-year-old woman with complaints of rash on the hands and feet. Physical examination found an enlarged spleen in Schuffner 1 and ecchymosis on the arms and legs, a platelet count of 811,000/mm3. The peripheral blood smear shows large platelets, the bone marrow picture shows megakaryocytes, which are very easy to find, the size varies with sufficient platelet emission, the JAK2 gene mutation examination shows mutation detection, while the BCR-ABL gene mutation results do not detect gene fusion. Treatment is given cytoreductive therapy in the form of hydroxyurea, while acetylsalicylic acid is not given because there are contraindications for administration.
Conclusion: Essential thrombocythemia is a neoplastic proliferative disease that occurs in the megakaryocyte series. The diagnosis of ET mostly found mutations in the JAK2 gene. ET management according to risk classification, where acetylsalicylic acid can be given very low and low risk, while intermediate and high risk can be given cytoreductive therapy
Double Limberg Flap for Stage IV Sacral Decubitus Ulcers with Compression Fracture of the First Vertebra of Lumbar Spine: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Decubitus ulcers are injuries to skin and underlying tissue resulting from prolonged pressure on the skin. There are numbers of surgical methods have been devised over a year for treatment of decubitus ulcers. Double Limberg flap is our procedure of choice, which we present here as our experience. Case presentation: The study describe a 29 years old male with chief complaint is unable to move both limbs. One month before admission the patient admitted that he had been hit by the roof of the chicken coop while cleaning it. After the incident, the patient wan unable to move his legs. The patient also admitted that he was unable to control his urination and bowel movements. The patient also complained that there were ulcers in the buttocks that were caused by being in bed for a long time. At Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, the patient is planned to undergo posterior stabilization. After the posterior stabilization is carried out, this patient was planned to have the ulcer closure using a Limberg flap. The double limber flap survived completely. Flap necrosis was not seen in this case. The largest defect covered by this flap. There was no recurrence of pressure sores in this patient in the 6 month follow-up period. Conclusion: The Limberg flap is a fast, accurate and reliable alternative surgical technique utilizing local tissue in treating sacral decubitus ulcer. Limberg flap repair is an effective technique with short learning curve, patient comfort, early healing, and least complications and recurrence rates are the advantages of this procedure
Comparison of Accuracy Scores between CLOC and RSCLO Scoring Systems in Predicting the Risk of Preoperative Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Conversion at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Cholecystectomy is a surgical therapy for cholelithiasis which can be performed by open cholecystectomy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Not all laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures work properly. Sometimes it requires conversion from laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy. A risk factor scoring system has been developed and validated using a large prospective cholecystectomy database and can accurately predict the likelihood of conversion with the conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy (CLOC) score and risk score for conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy (RSCLO). This study aimed to compare the accuracy value between CLOC and RSCLO in predicting the risk of preoperative laparoscopic cholecystectomy conversion at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 183 research subjects participated in this study. Observation of CLOC and RSCLO scores was carried out in this study. Univariate and bivariate data analysis was carried out using SPSS. The analysis of the value of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were carried out using Medcalc software.
Results: A CLOC score > 5.5 has a greater conversion risk than a CLOC score ≤ 5.5. Meanwhile, an RSCLO score >-2 has a greater conversion risk than an RSCLO score ≤ -2. Sensitivity value CLOC for the prediction of preoperative conversion from laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy obtained 75% and a specificity of 74.85%, with value negative predictive value, which is higher than a positive predictive value and 74.86% accuracy. The sensitivity value RSCLO for the prediction of preoperative conversion from laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy was obtained at 75% and a specificity of 77.78%. With value negative predictive value, which is higher than the positive predictive value and 74.86% accuracy.
Conclusion: The CLOC and RSCLO scores were equally accurate in predicting preoperative conversion from laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy
Comparison of Antibacterial Effectiveness of Arabica Coffee Bean Extract (Coffea arabica L.) Roasted and Non-Roasted Against Bacteria Enterococcus faecalis
Get PDFBackground: Dental caries that are not handled properly cause cavities and open the dental pulp so that it becomes a pathway for microorganisms to enter the root canals. The most common microorganisms found in root canal infections are Enterococcus faecalis. Arabica coffee beans have bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, and tannins, which inhibit the growth of bacteria. This study aimed to compare the antibacterial effectiveness of roasted and non-roasted Arabica coffee bean extracts against bacteria Enterococcus faecalis.
Methods: This study was an in vitro experimental study. This research uses culture Enterococcus faecalis, which were divided into 10 groups (2 control groups, 4 treatment groups of roasted coffee beans, and 4 groups of non-roasted coffee beans). Inhibition zone diameter analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS using univariate and bivariate.
Results: Non-roasted Arabica coffee bean extract showed better effectiveness in inhibiting bacterial growth Enterococcus faecalis, along with increasing the concentration of the extract.
Conclusion: Non-roasted Arabica coffee bean extract is more effective as an antibacterial against the bacteria Enterococcus faecalis compared to roasted Arabica coffee bean extract
Overview of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Related to Halitosis in Online Motorcycle Taxi Drivers in Sei Putih Tengah Sub District, Petisah District, Medan, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Halitosis is a sign of dental and oral health problems. Halitosis is characterized by the presence of an unpleasant odor in the oral cavity. Halitosis is caused by many things, one of which is a result of impaired saliva production, which is caused by smoking. Online motorcycle taxi drivers are in a community that is very close to smoking. This study aimed to provide an overview of aspects of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to halitosis in online motorcycle taxi drivers in Sei Putih Tengah Sub District, Petisah District, Medan, Indonesia.
Methods: Descriptive observational study. A total of 36 research subjects, namely online motorcycle taxi drivers, participated in this study. Observation of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior refers to a questionnaire developed by the halitosis clinic at the University of Basel, Switzerland. Univariate analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software.
Results: The majority of research subjects are independently aware of bad breath and experience similar complaints <1 year. The majority of research subjects felt bad breath after waking up in the morning. The majority of research subjects also stated that dentists were the choice for consultation regarding bad breath disorders. The majority of research subjects know the origin of bad breath, the source of bad breath, and know that smoking is the cause of bad breath. Most research subjects did not feel ashamed of other people even though they felt they had bad breath.
Conclusion: Knowledge and behavior related to halitosis are good, although attitudes related to halitosis are not good among online motorcycle taxi drivers in Sei Putih Tengah Sub District, Petisah District, Medan, Indonesia
Mixed Type Basal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Excision and Defect Closure Using Advancement Flap: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a localized malignant tumor in the basal layer of the epidermis thought to be the result of prolonged sun exposure and associated with gene mutations in most cases. Although rarely metastazises, BCC can cause high levels of morbidity due to its locally destructive nature. There are several modalities for managing BCC, and the defect caused by the lesion can reconstructed by local flap.
Case presentation: We present a 55-year-old woman with a chief complaint of a blackish lump on the left maxillary region, growing bigger, and frequent episodes of bleeding. The lesion was excised and followed by histopathological examination, which revealed mixed subtype BCC. Closure of the defect with an advancement flap was performed with favorable results.
Conclusion: Surgical excision is the best option for managing BCC, while a skin flap is preferred to close defects for lesions on the cheek.
 
Diagnosis and Treatment of Typical Cold-Induced Urticaria: A Case Reports
Get PDFBackground: Urticaria is a common disease in society. 15-25% of individuals must have experienced urticaria at least once in their life. Cold urticaria is included in the type of chronic inducible urticaria and is a type of urticaria that accounts for 3% of cases of all types of chronic urticaria that occur. The age group that most suffers from urticaria is the age 12-25 years. This study was aimed at presenting the diagnosis and treatment of cold urticaria.
Case presentation: A 29-year-old woman came with complaints of itching and redness on the hands, feet, and neck, starting with a small round reddish rash that widened and the center was paler than the edges, then disappeared within 1-2 hours, there is no a history of infectious or autoimmune diseases but has a family history of the same complaint. Examination of the ice cube test obtained positive results after 7 minutes of contact with ice cubes. Patients were given therapy in the form of cetirizine 10 mg per day for 2 weeks, which was then increased by a dose of 20 mg with a combination of cetirizine 10 mg in the morning and loratadine 10 mg at night.
Conclusion: Exploration of precipitating factors through detailed anamnesis and supporting examinations with a cold stimulation test can establish a diagnosis of typical cold-induced urticaria