Bioscientia Medicina - Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
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The Relationship between COVID-19 Vaccination and the Severity of COVID-19 in Patients Treated for the Period August 2021 – August 2022 at Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Riau Province, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: The use of the COVID-19 vaccine is very effective in controlling the pandemic, but it is important to know that no vaccine is 100% effective in preventing the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccination can make the disease milder so that the risk of infection, hospitalization, and death is lower in people who have been vaccinated compared to those who have not been vaccinated. This study aims to determine the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and the severity of COVID-19 infection in patients treated at Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Riau Province, for the period August 2021 to August 2022.
Methods: This study is an analytical observational research with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 403 research subjects were included in this study. Data analysis using Chi-square by looking for the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable. Ineligible bivariate data will be performed using the Fisher test with a p-value < 0.05 considered significant based on statistical tests.
Results: The percentage of mild and moderate severity patients was generally the highest in the group who did not receive vaccination, with the percentage being 45.8%, followed by those who received booster (30.4%). Of the 54 cases of patients with severe-critical severity, 27 cases were dominated by patients who had no vaccination status at all, with a percentage of 50.0%. Subjects who did not receive vaccination had a 3.37 times higher chance of developing severe COVID-19 than those who were vaccinated (odds ratio = 3,37; 95% confidence interval [THERE] = 1,95-4,80).
Conclusion: The relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and the severity of COVID-19 infection in patients treated at Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Riau Province, for the period August 2021 to August 2022
Bullous Lung Disease (BLD): A Narrative Literature Review
Get PDFBullous lung disease (BLD) is often associated with spontaneous pneumothorax, but its role as a predisposing factor for recurrent pneumothorax is still not clearly revealed. Many factors are associated with lung BLD, but because BLD cases are still quite rare, efforts need to be made research further to find out more about the relationship between predisposing factors and BLD. Diagnosis of BLD by paying attention to the history, physical examination and appropriate radiological examination is necessary to determine whether surgery is necessary or not. Management of BLD has now developed with many different therapy options. The choice of invasive or non-invasive procedures is adjusted to clinical needs, equipment availability and medical personnel. Good treatment will of course provide satisfactory results, especially in terms of improving the patient's quality of life
Direct Closure Technique for Superior Palpebra Defect in Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma Palpebra
Get PDFBackground: Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma (SGC) palpebra is a malignancy tumor on the palpebra that originates from the sebaceous gland. These tumors can spread peripherally through intraepithelial or pagetoid growths. The main management is surgery, and the defect reconstruction is performed according to the size and area of the defect.
Case presentation: A 53-year-old female patient came with a mass on the upper eyelid of the right eye for 1 year, which progressively grew in size and stuck to the eyelid, with no bleeding and no pain. The history of treatment has not provided an adequate response for the last 1 year. Visual acuity was 6/12 in both eyes, and a mass was found approximately 8x8 mm in size, nodular, fixed, and accompanied by madarosis. The histopathological examination showed a palpebral sebaceous gland carcinoma. There was no enlargement of submandibular or parotid lymph nodes. The patient underwent a wide excision of the upper eyelid lesion. Then, the defect was reconstructed by direct closure technique. The patient has been controlled 4 weeks of follow‑up. The functional and cosmetic outcomes were satisfied.
Conclusion: After a month of follow-up, no recurrence occurred. Reconstruction with direct closure technique has good results in terms of anatomy, function, and cosmetics
Diurnal Variation of Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Chronic Kidney Disease
Get PDFHypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are interrelated public health problems throughout the world. Hypertension accompanied by CKD is mostly difficult to control. Difficulty in controlling blood pressure (BP) is known from changes in the diurnal variation of BP over 24 hours in CKD patients with a pattern of non-dipping and reverse dipping at night and an increase in pulse pressure due to arterial stiffness that occurs in CKD, resulting in a high incidence of nocturnal hypertension and masked hypertension. Nocturnal hypertension in CKD has a significant prognostic risk of increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cause of death. Therefore, guidelines for the management of hypertension strongly recommend that patients with hypertension have blood pressure well controlled at all times, especially to improve hypertension control at night in CKD patients
Factors Affecting the Mortality of Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Morbidity and mortality of patients after cardiac surgery can be influenced in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods. This study aimed to explore factors that affect the mortality of patients undergoing open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
Methods: This study is an analytical observational research with a cross-sectional approach and uses secondary data obtained from the medical record installation of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. A total of 57 research subjects participated in this study. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were carried out using SPSS software.
Results: The final multivariate modeling results show that the variables that influence patient mortality are EuroSCORE II (p-value=0.003) and duration of CPB (p-value=0.003). With an odds ratio of 37.21 groups, EuroSCORE II high risk had a risk of death 37.21 times higher than the low-risk group (CI 3.325 – 416.324). Meanwhile, increasing the duration of CPB by one minute increased the risk of mortality 1.02 times (CI 1.006 – 1.030). Meanwhile, there is no influence of variables (NYHA, LV function, ACC duration) on the incidence of mortality in patients undergoing open heart surgery with a machine cardiopulmonary bypass at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang.
Conclusion: EuroSCORE II affects the mortality of patients undergoing open heart surgery with CPB. The duration of CPB affects the mortality of patients undergoing open heart surgery with CPB
Management for Patient with Asthma in Lumbal Canal Stenosis Using General Anesthetic and Epidural Analgetic: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Lumbar canal stenosis, which often occurs concurrently with degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS), is characterized by low back and leg pain. The treatment of high-degree spondylolisthesis is by surgery, which is a combination procedure of decompression and fusion. Surgical patients with a history of uncontrolled asthma three months before surgery had nearly double the risk of postoperative mortality. Case presentation: A 53-year-old male patient was diagnosed with Lumbal Canal Stenosis ec HNP at levels L2-l3, L3-l4, L4-l5, L5-s1 Spondylolisthesis at level L4-l5 Meyerding grade 1 Spondylosis Lumbalis. The patient has a history of mild intermittent bronchial asthma, which was diagnosed 2 years ago. The patient was planned for Decompression-Stabilization-Fusion surgery, with the anesthesia plan being general anesthesia prone position with epidural analgesia. Conclusion: Combined general anesthesia (GA) and epidural analgesia (EA) for major surgery due to excellent pain control, reduced perioperative morbidity, and even reduced mortality compared with systemic analgesia. For surgical patients who have a history of asthma, determining whether a patient's asthma is well-controlled or poorly controlled is key to mitigating perioperative complications
A Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Case with Clinical Manifestation of Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Henoch-schӧnlein purpura (HSP) or also known as immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis, is an autoimmune vasculitis of small blood vessels. The incidence of HSP in adults is only 5 in 100,000 adult patients. One of the causes of these low incidences is due to misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed. This is inevitable as in adults, and the disease usually presents with atypical signs and symptoms. One of the rare manifestations of this disease is gastrointestinal tract bleeding. This study aimed to describe a case of Henoch-schӧnlein purpura with gastrointestinal bleeding and the treatment.
Case presentation: A rare case of a 20-year-old adult male diagnosed with HSP with the chief complaint of severe abdominal pain and gastrointestinal bleeding was presented. The patient also complained of arthralgia. Upon closer examination, the patient had palpable purpura on both the ankle and trunk. Urinalysis showed protein (+2) with erythrocyte 25-50 cells. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed erosive pangastritis, bile reflux, and duodenal submucosal bleeding with a normal duodenal bulb. The patient was diagnosed with HSP and was given methylprednisolone and azathioprine. On 1 month follow-up, the patient's complaints subside.
Conclusion: Henoch-schӧnlein purpura should be considered in adult patients, especially in patients with skin lesions without thrombocytopenia accompanied by multiorgan involvement (gastrointestinal, renal, and joint)
Clinical Grading of Corneal Ulcer and Its Management in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Infectious corneal ulcer (CU) occurs due to an agent, which may be a bacterial, fungal, or viral microorganism. A detailed examination of the ulcer was needed to determine the severity grading of the ulcer. Based on the size, depth of ulcer, density of infiltrate, and scleral involvement, it's divided into mild, moderate, and severe grades and may be used to objectively monitor the progress of the ulcer and as a parameter for management. Medical management includes topical, systemic antibiotic, and periocular injection, while amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT), conjunctiva flap, fascia lata, and evisceration as surgical. This study aimed to assess the clinical grading associated with the management of CU in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
Methods: Observational analytics based on the medical record of corneal ulcer patients in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, in 2016-2017. A total of 191 research subjects participated in this study. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS univariately.
Results: The fungal, bacterial, and viral CU was diagnosed clinically. The severity grading that we found is moderate (60,73%), mild (25,14%), and severe (14,13%). All of the cases used medical treatment. Surgical was performed in moderate (36,59%) and all severe cases. AMT was performed in severe cases with perforation ≤ 4 mm and perforation > 4 mm conjunctival flap (3.7%), fascia lata (3,7%), and evisceration (61,53%), preferably.
Conclusion: The clinical grading of corneal ulcers in our hospital is moderate, and it may be associated with our hospital as a referral hospital. Surgery was performed in all severe and moderate cases that don't respond well to medicine
The Relationship between Gender and Presbycusis at Mandalika Elderly Social Center, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Presbycusis is a type of hearing loss with sensorineural deafness due to the degeneration of the hearing organs. Gender is said to have an influence on the occurrence of presbycusis. The presbycusis is influenced by differences in activity routines carried out by women and men and differences in the anatomical shape of the auricles between men and women. The study aimed to identify the relationship between gender and presbycusis at the Mandalika Elderly Social Center, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.
Methods: The study design was observational analytic with cross sectional approach and purposive sampling technique. There were 50 research respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research was conducted at the Mandalika Elderly Social Center, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The data obtained were analyzed univariately and bivariate with the Chi-square test using SPSS software version 23.0.
Results: It was obtained that the demographic description of the research respondents obtained the majority of respondents aged 60-74 years (66%), female (66%), ungraduated (90%), and unemployed (90%). There was no relationship between gender and presbycusis at the Mandalika Elderly Social Center, West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia, p> 0,05.
Conclusion: There was no relationship between gender and presbycusis at the Mandalika Elderly Social Center, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
The Effect of Apium graveolens (Linn) Extract on Reepithelialization of Incision Wounds: In Vivo Study
Get PDFBackground: A wound is a disorder of the continuity of the epithelial layer of the skin or mucosa and can result from physical or thermal damage. Proliferation and remodeling processes are important phases in incision wound healing. Celery is believed to have the potential to regulate the inflammatory phase and accelerate the process of proliferation and remodeling of wound tissue. This study aims to evaluate the potency of celery extract (Apium graveolens (Linn)) on incision wound healing in vivo.
Methods: This study was an in vivo experimental study. A total of 24 rats were used in this study and divided into 4 treatment groups (2 control and 2 treatment groups). Analysis of epithelial thickness ratio and epithelial length was performed using SPSS using univariate and bivariate.
Results: The control group had the lowest epithelial thickness ratio, followed by 50% extract, 75% extract, and finally, the gentamicin group. The length of newly formed epithelium in wounds treated with Apium graveolens (Linn) extract group 70% (mean 1.461 mm) was similar to that treated with gentamicin 0.1% (mean 1.457 mm) and much better than those treated without extract (0.869 mm).
Conclusion: Celery extract (Apium graveolens (Linn)) has the potential to accelerate the process of reepithelialization of incision wounds in vivo studies