Bioscientia Medicina - Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
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Papaya Leaf (Carica papaya L.) Active Fraction Effective as Bioinsectiside Against Anopheles species (Diptera: Culicidae) Larva Invitro Study
No full textABSTRACT
Malaria is one of the spread-disease that become a global public health problem included Indonesia. One of the controlling approach of vector-borne disease is by avoiding direct contact of human and mosquitoes. Natural insecticide is an alternative method that can be used. Carica papaya L. is one of the natural insecticide because contains of alkaloid, flavonoid and saponin. This research was aimed to determine the activity of active fraction. was a quasi-experiment research with post test only group design. This research was conducted in April – June 2017. Extraction and fractination was performed in laboratory of MIPA Biologi of Sriwijaya University. The experiment was performed in laboratory of Entomologi Baturaja. The sample of the research was Anopheles sp. larva instar III and IV. Larvacide test used 6 different concentrations which was 0,125%, 0,25%, 0,5%, 1,0% and 2,0% with aquadest as a control. Anova test and post hoc analysis with SPSS 22 software. The result of efficacy test to Anopheles sp. larva showed that N-hexan was the fraction with highest larvacide ability that kill 95% larva at 2% concentration level. Thin layer chromatography test showed a compound of Terpenoid. Activity test of active fraction N-heksan of papaya leaf with the highest mortality rate 92,5% and the lowest 46,25%. LC50 fraction N-heksan of papaya leaf was high toxicity at 24 hours of observation. Anova test showed there was significant influence and difference of various concentration of active fraction of papaya leaf to the mortality of Anopheles sp. larva with p value < α (0,00<0,05).
Key words : Anopheles sp. larva, N-hexan fraction of papaya leaf, larvacide
 
Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolate From Fermentation Food Bekasam
No full textBekasam is a local food from South Sumatera Indonesia, which is obtained through fermentation of fish. Previous study has shown that fermented food contained Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) bacteria, such as Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus sp, Pediococus sp and Weissella sp. The study was conducted to identify isolate LAB from bekasam. Bekasam contained fish, rice, and salt with a certain ratio. Further isolation of isolated LAB isolate, then performed PCR for bacterial analysis. Isolate 1 showed alleged bacteria Staphylococcus sp, non pathogen, while isolate 2 leads to Lactobacillus sp. The PCR results show the suitability of the bands formed between the Lactobacillus standard and the isolates.
Keywords: bacteria, lactobacillus, aci
The Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factorin Thrombocytosis in Colorectal Cancer Patients: The Role of VEGF in Thrombocytosis
No full textBackgorund: Colorectal cancer was included in a group of cancer with various complications. One complication that was often a cause of morbidity and mortality was thrombocytosis. In colorectal cancer, the incidence of thrombocytosis associated with the formation of blood vessels around the tumor or angiogenesis. Factors that played an important role in angiogenesis was vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
Methods: This study was an observational analytic research in colorectal cancer patients to determine the correlation levels of platelets and serum VEGF levels. A total of 33 patients with colorectal cancer at the Palembang Mohammad Hoesin Hospital be research subjects to examine the levels of platelets and levels of VEGF. The level of serum VEGF was performed using ELISA technique from SIGMA®.
Results: The average level of the patient's platelets was281,090.9±105,860.8/mm3. In this study, two patients (6.06%) have thrombocytosis.The average serum levels of VEGF research subjects were 221.2 ± 152.8 pg/mL.Correlation test of levels of serum VEGF and platelets levels showed the value of p=0.040 (p> 0.05) and r = 0468.
Conclusions: Thus, it can be concluded that in this research serum VEGF levels are almost always causes an increase in platelet levels in patients with colorectal cancer
The Efficacy of Cinnamomum burmanii Extract on the Protection of Neuronal Cell Death in Haloperidol Induced Male Wistar Rats
No full textBackground
Haloperidol is categorized as the first class antipsychotic drug. Long-term use of haloperidol may convey to increased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that will yield oxidative damage which further leads to cell death. Several studies had identified the effects of cinnamon extract on cell death. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of cinnamon extract (Cinnamomum burmanii) on the protection of neuronal cell death in haloperidol-induced male Wistar white rats.
Methods
This study was experimental with pre and post-test design. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, induced with haloperidol and followed by treatment. Caspase-3 and dopamine were assayed by ELISA sandwich method using ELISA kit. Mean difference of caspase expression and dopamine levels before and after induction were shown (p<0.05).
Results
There were mean differences of caspase-3 expression level in the positive control group, cinnamon extract of 100 and 200mg/kgBW before and after treatment (p<0.05). Whereas for dopamine levels, there were mean differences in positive control group, cinnamon extract of 50, 100 and 200mg/kgBW before and after treatment (p<0.05). With Post Hoc test, it was found that there were no mean differences of caspase-3 expression level between positive group with cinnamon extract group of 100 and 200mg/kgBW (p>0,05) and there were also no mean differences of positive group dopamine level with group of cinnamon extract of 100 and 200mg/kgBW (p>0.05).
Conclussion
Cinnamomum burmanii extract at dose of 100 and 200mg/kgBW were effective in the protection against neuronal cell death in haloperidol induced male Wistar white rats
Hematologic profiles of Plasmodium vivax Malaria patients
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Background: Malaria infections cause various symptoms ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease complications. Plasmodium vivax malaria has been recognized as a disease that attacks blood cells, causing various hematologic changes, especially anemia, leukopenia, leukocytosis, neutropenia, neutrophilia, and thrombocytopenia with different percentages. Plasmodium vivax, formerly known to cause mild malaria, was later proven to cause severe malaria, even cerebral malaria such as Plasmodium falciparum. This study aims to determine the hematologic profile in patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria.
Method: This research use descriptive cross sectional design. This research was conducted in Puskesmas (PKM; Primary Health Care) Sukamaju and Puskesmas (PKM; Primary Health Care) Karang City in August until December 2017. Samples were taken by consecutive sampling. A total of 37 samples expressed positive Plasmodium vivax, examined their hematologic profiles specifically hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leucocytes, platelets, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and hematocrit using automatic hematology cell counter.
Results: Based on the results of this study, 56.76% of patients had anemia, 45.90% of patients had leukopenia, 89.20% thrombocytopenia, 2.70% neutrophilia, 10.80% neutropenia, 2.70% lymphocytosis, 35.10% lymphopenia, and 13.50% pancytopenia.
Conclusion: In patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria infection there may be a change in hematologic profiles, this change may be affected by the acute phase of infection and host immune system.
Keywords: Plasmodium vivax malaria, hematologic profile
Efficacy of SEBCLAIRA® Cream for Moderate Seborrhoeic Dermatitis on The Face as An Adjuvant Therapy (Randomised Clinical Trial, Double Blind)
Get PDFBackground: Seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic papulosquamous inflammatory disease which resistant to medical treatment. Various treatment such as topical corticosteroid, antifungal and calcineurin inhibitor has been widely practiced and gives varying results
Objective: Our objective was to compare the efficacy of Sebclaira® and topical hydrocortisone 2,5% for management of moderate SD on the face
Methods: A randomised clinical trial, controlled, double blind study was performed for four weeks. We assessed the efficacy and side effects of these topical treatment. The severity of SD was evaluated using Seborrhea Area Severity Index-Facial (SASI-F) score. The severity of pruritus was evaluated using Visual Analogue Scale. Demographic characteristics, baseline SASI-F and VAS were recorded in the medical record.
Results: A 34 patients (14 males, 20 females) with moderate SD on the face completed the four weeks study. The mean of SASI T2 and VAS score of the Sebclaira® group was significantly lower than Hydrocortisone 2.5% group with p = 0.000 and p = 0.000 respectively. Tolerance between Sebclaira® and Hydrocortisone 2.5% showed insignificant results (p = 1.000)
Conclusions: The longer application of Sebclaira® was significantly more effective to improve moderate S
Risk Factors for Stunting Children Aged 6-59 Months In Pulau Panggung District, South Sumatera, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground :. Stunting among children is one of the major health problems in developing countries. Globally, 45% of deaths among children are caused by malnutrition, meanwhile stunting, as one of the factors, plays an important role. Children who experience stunting can not achieve optimal growth and cognitive potential. Hence, that will have an impact on future productivity. Muara Enim district is included in one district with stunting prevalence, which is above 20%, i.e. 26.9%. This study was to identify the risk factors of stunting children in Pulau Panggung district, Muara Enim, South Sumatera.
Methods: This study applied observational analytic research using cross sectional design. It was conducted on August to October 2017 at public health center in Pulau Panggung district, Muara Enim. There were 83 children who fullfilled the inclusion criteria. The relationship between risk factors and stunting was analyzed using Chi square test and Logistic Regression test was applied to identify the risk factor that play the most role to stunting.
Results: 49,4% out of 83 children suffer from stunting, with a mean age of 29,37±13,69 months where the number of children stunting with male gender is 53.7% while female gender is 46.3%. Chi square analysis showed that there was a significant relationship among birth weight, birth length, mother's occupation, history of infection, exclussive breastfeeding and stunting (p< 0.05) but no significant relationship was found among sex, mother's education, maternal height and income with stunting (p> 0.05). Multivariate Logistic Regression test showed that mother's occupation and history of infection are the risk factors that contibute the most to stunting among children aged 6-59 months in Pulau Panggung district. The risk of stunting among working mothers is higher 5 times than unworking mothers and children with infection history have risk of stunting 3 times compared to children without infection history.
Conclusion: Mother's occupation and infection history are risk factors that contribute the most to stunting among children at Pulau Panggung district, Muara Enim, South Sumatera
Association of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Cleaning Service with the Amount of Mosquito Larvae in Water Container At Bhayangkara Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia
Get PDFBacgkround: Efforts in the eradication of mosquito breeding have been done, but have not shown maximum results due to lack of community participation caused by several factors, such as lack of knowledge, attitude and practice that are considered to play important role in reducing the incidence of vector-borne diseases transmitted by mosquitoes. This study aimed was to determine the relationship of knowledge, attitude and practice of cleaning services with the amount of mosquito larvae at water container around Bhayangkara Hospital Palembang. Populations in this study were 25 cleaning services in Bhayangkara Hospital Palembang.
Methods: Samples in this study were all populations taken by using total sampling technique. Data included the number and types of water containers, the number and species of mosquito larvae found in the water containers, and data of knowledge, attitude and practice of cleaning services. The results were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis statistic test.
Results: There were 75 water containers, 63 water containers were indoors, one of them contains larvae, and 12 water containers were outdoors, the type of two outdoors water containers that contained larvae were plastic buckets. Total larvae that found were 16 larvae of Aedes aegypti. Based on Kruskal-Wallis statistic test, there was no average difference between the number of mosquito larvae based on knowledge with p>alpha± (0.072>0.05), and there was an average difference between the number of mosquito larvae based on attitudewith p<alpha± (0.006>0.05) and practice with p<alpha± (0.019<0.05).
Conclusion: There was a negative association between attitude and practice against the number of mosquito larvae, but not with knowledge.
 
The Status of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome
No full textBackground: The nephrotic syndrome (NS) resistance and relapse to treatment pose challenges in the management of NS. Several experimental studies on both animals and humans have assessed the association between NS and the balance between the oxidants and anti-oxidants. The study aims to compare the status of oxidants and anti-oxidants of NS patients between the massive proteinuria, the remission, the steroid resistance and the control groups.
Methods: a cross-sectional design to assess the status of oxidants and antioxidants in children with the nephrotic syndrome. The eligible subjects were divided into four groups, the massive proteinuria group, the remission group, the steroid resistant group and the control group. The status of oxidants and anti-oxidant were evaluated with the Malondialdehyde (MDA) and the Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), respectively.
Results: The highest mean MDA levels was observed in the steroid resistant group followed by the massive proteinuria group and the remission group. The mean MDA level of the proteinuria group (massive proteinuria and steroid-resistant) is higher than the remission group. The mean TAS levels in the remission group were higher than the massive proteinuria group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Moreover, the mean difference of SAT between the proteinuria group and without proteinuria was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: The oxidative stress marker (MDA) was higher in the NS patients with proteinuria than the patients without proteinuria. The difference in the total anti-oxidant status in NS patients with massive proteinuria, remission and steroid resistance were not statistically significant.
Keywords: Nephrotic syndrome, oxidative stress, anti oxidant 
Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) Infection Related
Body Mass Index in Elementary School Students, Sukawinatan Landfill, Palembang City
No full textABSTRACT
Introduction
The age of Primary School Children are the group most often affected by worm infections with a prevalence of more than 60%. Worm infection can cause a decrease in health conditions, Body Mass Index (BMI), intelligence and productivity of sufferers so that economically causes a lot of losses and decreases in the quality of human resources.
Aims of Study
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of infection with Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) with the Body Mass Index (BMI) in the children of Elementary School ( SDN 188), Sukawinatan Landfill, Sukarame District, Palembang City.
Methods
This research is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all children of SDN 188 Sukarame Subdistrict, Palembang City, 109 people who were selected by consecutive sampling. Examination of helminthiasis infection was obtained by taking faecal samples on the subject and then examined by laboratory with Kato-Katz method and Body Mass Index (BMI) through anthropomometric measurements of height and weight. The analysis carried out was univariate descriptively and bivariately by Chi-square test.
Results
There were found 27 (24.8%) children who were positive for helminthiasis and from the results of the bivariate test there was no correlation between STH infection and BMI (p> 0.05).
Conclusion
there was no significant relationship between infection with Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) and the Body Mass Index (BMI) of primary school age children around the Sukawinatan landfill in Palembang.
Keywords: STH Infection, Body Mass Indeks, Landfiil Are