Bioscientia Medicina - Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
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Comparison of Chest X-Ray Assessment in Multi-Drug Resistance to Drug- Sensitive Tuberculosis Patients
Get PDFIntroduction. Indonesia ranks third in tuberculosis cases, with 23,000 new dualdrug-resistant tuberculosis patients. The delay in predicting tuberculosis resistanceoccurs because sputum tools are not yet available. This study aimed to determinethe differences in chest x-rays for drug-sensitive multiple drug-resistanttuberculosis in Palembang. Method. A case-control design to compare theradiological characteristics of multiple drug resistance with drug-sensitive atPalembang during January-July 2020. One hundred thirty-eight patients consistedof cases of drug-sensitive tuberculosis and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis basedon the rapid molecular test that met the inclusion criteria, analyzed forposteroanterior chest X-rays by a radiologist without knowing the diagnosis—comparative chi-square using SPSS 22. Result. Multidrug resistance tuberculosishad more extensive or moderate lesions than drug-sensitive tuberculosis 89.8% vs72.4%. The multidrug-resistant group has more infiltrate detected, namely 84.1% vs69.6% and cavity 37.6% vs 30.4%. Atelectasis and pleural effusion are common indrug-resistant tuberculosis. Bivariate analysis showed that multidrug-resistanttuberculosis lesion infiltrates compared to drug-sensitive tuberculosis with p =0.025; OR 2,6 (CI 95% 1,1-6,0) sensitivity 85.5%, specificity 30.4%. Multivariateanalysis showed the presence of infiltrates p = 0.028; OR 2.58 (CI 95% 1.1-6.003).Consolidation, nodules, cavities, fibrosis, atelectasis, pleural effusion were notsignificant differences in the two groups. Conclusion. Multidrug-resistanttuberculosis has a more expansive lesion, the presence of infiltrates and cavities thatis more dominant than drug-sensitive tuberculosis
The Efficacy of Cinnamon Extract ( Cinnamomum burmannii ) on Reducing Staging Acute Kidney Injury in Ischemia Reperfusion (IR) Model
Get PDFA B S T R A C TIntroduction. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as sudden decline in theglomerular filtration rate, resulting in the retention of nitrogenous wastes, such asurea and creatinine in plasma. Cinnamomum burmannii is known as a anti-inflammatory renoprotective agent, although the precise mechanism is not wellunderstood. This study aimed to elucidate the effectiveness of Cinnamomumburmannii extract in decreasing creatinine level of acute kidney injury Ischemiareperfusion (IR) model. Method. We performed Ischemia reperfusion (IR) in maleWistar rat to induce acute kidney injury. The rat (n=30) were divided into six groups:IR, 1 group treated with methylprednisolone as a control (IR+M), 3 groups treatedwith different oral Cinnamomum burmannii extract doses (50mg/kg (IR+EKM1),100mg/kg (IR+EKM2), and 200 mg/kg (IR+EKM3), and a Sham operation (SO)group. AKI stage reduction based on serum creatinine levels, before and aftermodeling, before and after the cinnamon extract intervention. Creatinine levels werequntified by spectrophotometry and analyzed by SPSS. Result. Cinnamomumburmannii extract lowers creatinine levels; significant (P <0.05). 200 mg / kgbb isthe effective dose of lowering creatinine levels in the IR model. Conclusion.Cinnamomum burmannii extract reduced serum creatinine levels associated withdecreased acute renal staging in the IR model
The Potential of CO2 Incubator "Sriwijaya CO2 Incubator" Against Cell Culture Proliferation In Invitro Study As Smart Controlling-Based CO2 Incubator For Cell Culture
Get PDFA B S T R A C TIntroduction. A CO 2 incubator is an essential tool for the initiation of theproliferation of primary culture cells or cell lines. In principle, this tool works bykeeping the sample cell line at an optimum temperature of 37 o C and 5% carbondioxide supply. The ability of the CO 2 incubator to maintain temperature and supplyof 5% carbon dioxide are essential points in the development of the CO 2 incubator.This study is an attempt to convince the potential of Sriwijaya CO 2 Incubator inmaintaining the proliferation ability of cultured cells in an in vitro study. Methods.This study is an experimental pre-post test that explores the percentage of viabilityof primary culture cells (fibroblasts) before and after incubation in CO 2 incubators.The object of this study was fibroblast cells obtained from the prepuce of patientswho performed circumcision. Results. Fibroblast cell proliferation in CO 2 incubatorsshows an increase in the number of fibroblast proliferation which can be seen withthe increasing number of cells visualized by inverted microscopy. Conclusion.Sriwijaya CO 2 incubator has the potential to be used in in vitro research to triggerthe growth and proliferation of fibroblast cells
The Concordance of Recursive Partitioning Analysis (RPA) Class Stratification with Survival of Brain Metastases Patients in Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia: The concordance of RPA, Diansari et al
No full textA B S T R A C TIntroduction: Recursive Partitioning Analysis is one of prognostic scores, has beenvalidated to any different setting. Objective: To identify the concordance of RecursivePartitioning Analysis stratification in survival with brain metastases patients.Methods: Retrospective study was performed on brain metastases patients fromJanuary 2017 until Desember 2019 based on medical record. The follow up timestarted from the first diagnosis of brain metastases to death or last follow up. TheKaplan Meier was used to plot survival curves and the log-rank test was used toanalyse differences between groups Results: Mean overall survival time was 4,67months with 1,14 months for median survival for all patients. According to scoring,mostly (80,8%) patients were in group 3. The median survival time was 7 monthsand 2 months for group 2 and 3. Conclusion: It has shown relatively congruitysurvival in BM patients with stratification of Recursive Partitioning Analysis in ourinstitution
Factors Affecting Bisphosphonate Therapy Compliance In Patients With Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disease with clinical manifestations in patients' bones. This study aims to investigate the factors that influence the compliance of bisphosphonate in patients with OI.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis method was conducted and data were obtained from questionnaires answered by OI patients that received bisphosphonate. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using chi-square.
RESULTS: There were 121 OI patients, age range 0-5 years (62%). Almost all patients have insurance from national health (BPJS). In this study, the average treatment compliance was 81.7%, and patients were reported to have good medication compliance of ≥80% of the treatment cycle, which was shown in 65 patients (53.7%). However, there is a relationship between parent education and treatment compliance (P = 0.046).
DISCUSSION: It is a measurement of behavior related to treatment recommendations by medical professionals. On the contrary, the level of non-compliance patients with chronic disease to treatment is quite high.
CONCLUSION: Good treatment compliance describes when the patient performs ≥80% of its cycle. Factors affecting it are the condition of the patient and the location of health services. Therefore, there is a relationship between compliance with the number of treatment cycles
The Effect of Ophiocephalus striatus Extract on Quantitative Measurement of Biceps Brachii and Rectus Femoris in Patients with Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomised Control Trial
No full textIntroduction
A freshwater fish Ophiocephalus striatus (OS) or known locally to Indonesian as haruan, has potentials to retain musclemass of critically ill patients following its high content of amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of OS on quantitative measurements of biceps brachii and rectus femoris in patients with mechanical ventilation.
Methods
This was a double-blinded randomized controlled trial at tertiary hospital between July- September 2019. The study included patients aged 18-65 years old with mechanical ventilation whereas patients with chronic kidney disease, paraparesis, or neuromuscular disorders were excluded. Forty-two patients were divided into extract group (n=19) who received 15 g of OS extract daily and control group (n=23) who received none. Quantitative measurements of both muscles were determined by measuring cross sectional area (CSA) using ultrasonography by one radiologist. Data were collected at 1st and 7th day, while the intervention was administered in-between. Independent sample T-test, Mann-Whitney test, and multivariate study using general linear model (GLM) were used for statistical analysis.
Results
The changes of CSA on biceps brachii and rectus femoris muscles from before to after intervention between extract group compared to control group were 5,30 ± 2,41 to 6,09 ± 1,81 vs. 5,16 ± 2,50 to 4,16 ± 1,94 (p=0.002) and 2,45 (1,10 – 5,90) to 3,47 (1,13 – 8,18) vs 3,85 (1,09 – 9,06) to 2,78 (1,06 – 7,27) (p=0.230), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed significant differences between extract and control group for both muscles with p value of <0.001 and 0.001 respectively.
Conclusion
Supplementation of Ophiocephalus striatus extract was associated with a significant increase of biceps brachii and rectus femoris CSA in patients with mechanical ventilation.
Keywords: Ophiocephalus striatus, ultrasonography, cross sectional area, biceps brachii muscle, rectus femoris muscl
Polymorphism E23K KCNJ11 Gen as a Risk Factor of Diabetes Mellitus in Serawai Tribe Of Bengkulu
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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disease involving genetic and environmental factors. The E23K KCNJ11 gene polymorphism causes KATP canal overactivity, decreases cell membrane depolarization potential, and decreases insulin secretion. E23K polymorphism of the KCNJ11 gene as a risk factor for T2DM.
Research Objective: This study aimed to analyze the E23K polymorphism of the KCNJ11 gene as a risk factor for T2DM in the Bengkulu Serawai.
Method: This study is a case-control study. The subjects of the study were 100 people with T2DM patients as a case group (50 people) and Non-DM subjects with families who did not have a history of T2DM as a control group (50 people). Fasting blood glucose (GDP) was analyzed by spectrophotometry and E23K KCNJ11 gene by polymerase chain reaction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Data were analyzed by statistics.
Results: The frequency of AA genotypes in cases was higher than the controls (12% and 8%) (p = 0.001). The frequency of A allele in the case was higher than the control (32% and 18%) (p = 0.017). The risk of T2DM on AA / GA genotypes was 4.75 times higher in cases than controls (p = 0,000, OR 4.75 95% CI 2.01-11.24). The risk of T2DM in A allele was 2.14 times higher in cases than in controls (p = 0.017, OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.11-4.15).
Conclusion: E23K polymorphism of the KCNJ11 gene as a risk factor for T2DM in Bengkulu Serawai Tribe.
Keywords: E23K gene KCNJ11, DMT2, Non-DMT2.
 
Relationship between Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio with Diaphragm Thickness in Critical Patients
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Background: The cause of weaning failure is multifactorial. One of the causes was Ventilator Induced Diaphragm Dysfunction (VIDD) due to thinning process of the diaphragm thickness. Decreased diaphragm muscle mass might occur due to inflammatory process.
Methods: The study was an observational analytic study from September 2018 to January 2019 in Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang – Indonesia. Ethical appoval for the study was obtained from Ethics Committee and subjects were recruited after signing the informed consents. Only 30 subjects were involved in the end of the study. About 6 mL of blood sample from cubital vein was withdrawn from each subject to measure neutrophils and lymphocytes. Patients’ diaphragm thickness was measured by using ultrasonography on 0th, 3rd, 5th day. Collected data were then analyzed with STATA 15.
Results: The chi-square test showed that the relationship of NLR (neutophil to lymphocyte ratio) of the 0th day to the decrease in diaphragm thickness on the 3rd day was not significant (p = 0.254), while the decrease in diaphragm thickness on the 5th day was significant (p = 0.015). Subjects with initial NLR values >7 had a significant higher risk of having decreased diaphragm thickness compared to subjects with initial NLR values ​​≤7 (RR = 1.62 (0.99-2.64); p-value = 0.003).
Conclusion: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio affected the decrease of diaphragm thickness in patients using mechanical ventilation
Characteristics Of Patient With Foreign Body Ingestion In Palembang
Get PDFIntroduction. Foreign body ingestion is a common diagnosis that presents in emergency departments—coins as the oesophagal foreign body most commonly found in infants and children. Coins retained in the oesophagus require intervention to prevent complications. This study aimed to determine oesophagal coin foreign body patient's characteristic at Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang.
Method. This study design was retrospective descriptive. Samples were all patient diagnosed with oesophagal coin foreign bodies which underwent Extraction with esophagoscopy guidance that was performed at Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang during January 2013 – August 2017.
Result. Forty-three patients had diagnosed with oesophageal coin foreign bodies consist of 22 males and 21 females. The most frequent age was 4fouryears old. The most presenting symptoms are Globus sensation on the throat (79%) and odynophagia (51,1%). Radiologist confirmation was done in every patient with foreign coin bodies in oesophagus. All patients underwent oesophagoscopy. 65,1% of cases of foreign coin bodies were found in the second constriction of throat. Duration of stay in hospital was the range from 1- 4 days, with the most frequent, was two days. There was no complication found in all patients.
Conclusion. Oesophagal coin foreign body is most commonly ingested in children. The most presenting symptom is globus sensation on the throat. There is no complication found in this study
The Role of Peer-group Influence and Neurobiological Factors in Internet Gaming Disorder
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Internet game disorder (IGD) is characterized as an excessive and uncontrolled game designed for functional problems or difficulties. During the last discussion, uncontrolled internet games have resulted in public health and social problems around the world. Although brave games are more accessible in young adulthood, brave game disturbances are more experienced by teens. Teenagers and young adults are strong predictors of overcoming the challenges of online game addiction, besides peer-group factors in adolescents, and neurobiological factors that influence the influence of internet gaming disorders. This literature review will discuss the influence of peer groups and neurobiological factors that underlie the expenditure of internet games in their teens