UET Peshawar Publications Site (University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar)
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REMEDIAL MEASURES TO ERADICATE DELAY DURING THE EXECUTION OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN PAKISTANI PERSPECTIVE
No full textConstruction industry here is characterized by low growth, lack of competitiveness and dynamism necessitated to compete in challenging competitive environment. The construction projects here are notorious for wasted motion, wasted material and wasted human resources. The sustainable construction, which promotes recycling of materials from demolished structures, is still in its infancy.Accordingly, three large construction projects in public sector, which have experienced inordinate delays during execution, have been analyzed to ascertain the causes of delays, suggesting/recommending corrective actions necessitated to eradicate construction delays jeopardizing projects’ economic viability. Peculiar mindset of project managers representing client has severely hit the projects from the very outset. The clients’ failure to formulate comprehensive contract documents detailing duties and responsibilities to be shouldered by project participants considerably affected projects’ progress as planned, followed by critical planning lapses, necessitating whole-scale design and specification changes during projects’ execution, owing to site-inadequacies overlooked at the preliminary stage.In addition, poor financial management resulting in acute shortage of cash flows, lack of project management approach, delays in relocation of underground services, the lowest bid criterion, tall and non-flexible client organization structures emanating passive communication, slow decision-making and non-empowerment of project personnel are some credible factors of delays. The clients’ failure to establish performance indicators, absence of control mechanism and their failure to proactively tackle labor, equipment and material- inadequacies adversely affecting the construction projects throughout their execution, have been analyzed as main factors of delays resulting in enormous cost and time over-runs, jeopardizing projects’ economic viability
STEADY-STATE BEHAVIOUR OF A DOUBLE-CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR
No full textExperimental determination of parameters of a doable-cage equivalent circuit and prediction of the separate steady-state inner and outer-cage rotor torques is discussed for the first time. In future this could help in the verification of design parameters & understanding and improvement of the motor. The author also discusses the effect of variation of stator leakage reactance and mutual reactance between the cages on rotor side parameters and overall performance of the motor. The variation of curves for individual cage torques is similar to their total torques which is itself very close to the torques claimed by the manufacturers on their design sheet data
EVOLUTION OF ECONOMIC CISTERN DESIGN KOTRI BARRAGE
No full textCistern design criteria and practice generally adopted in Pakistan has been reviewed and compared with ones Used in developing countries like USA. In this regard Kotri Barrage cistern has been taken as an exercise. Hydraulic conditions of Kotri-Barrage-cistern almost conform with those of Saint Anthony Falls (SAF) cistern. Cursory quantitative analysis indicates that existing cistern length of Kotri-Barrage/other hydraulic structures could have been economized/ could be economized. Scope of this study is still wide open for design/practicing engineers of Pakistan
DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRICAL ANALOGUE MODEL FOR STUDYING SEEPAGE FLOW UNDER HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES - CASE STUDY: SUKKUR BARRAGE
No full textFor the solution of groundwater problem many types of models are used, but electrical analogue model is preferred due to its close response with its prototype hydrological system. This model is easy to construct and is reusable. In the model voltage is correlated to groundwater head, electric current lo flow and capacitance to ground water storage. The analogy of the model is derived based on Kirchhoffs law and Finite difference form of Laplace equation. The network is consisting of square and rectangular meshes. Scaling factor for voltage and resistors are selected. All the equipments needed for assembling the model are prepared. Terminal strips and their connectivity are checked. Calculated resistors with accurate values after cutting and molding are inserted in the terminal strips and desired section is completed. A network of resistors in X and Z direction is used to represent the aquifer. Two stabilized power supply are used to provide the electrical potential. The worst condition is maintained by supplying the maximum head at upstream and dry condition at downstream.After the development of the model conclusion derived shows that the model is in a position to express the groundwater potential for seepage distribution under the floor with high degree of accuracy. Moreover there is a very good proportion between sample and the actual prototype in existence. The actual model when tested by model show very clear results for the sheet pile in relation to floor length to control seepage or uplift pressure caused. The existence design of Sukkur barrage and its overestimation and underestimation with reference to their sheet pile have been specifically determined
COMPARISON OF THE OF MECHANICAL AND WEAR BEHAVIOURS OF DIFFERNT TYPES OF POLYETHYLENES AND THE EFFECT OF RADIATION CROSS-LINKING ON THESE BEHAVIOURS
No full textDifferent kinds of polyethylenes dominate the polymer field due to their wide range of applications and properties. They are sometimes cross-linked to improve their properties such as high temperature resistance and wear behavior. Radiation cross-linking using high energy electron beam or g-radiation constitutes one of the most convenient methods. This study explores the difference in mechanical and wear behavior of different polyethylenes, and compares the effect of radiation cross-linking and radiation dose on these properties. Three different types of polyethylenes: low density (LDPE), high density (HDPE), and ultra-high molecular weight (UHMWPE) were studied. Cross-linking was carried out by high energy electron beam at room temperature, with radiation dose ranging from 0-600 kGy.
The results show that the stress-strain curve of UHMWPE in unirradiated state is marked by extensive strain hardening resulting in excellent wear resistance. Unirradaited HDPE show extensive yielding and highstrain to failure, with dry abrasive wear properties comparable to UHMWPE. Unirradiated LDPE on the other hand exhibit low strength and strain to failure, and comparatively high wear rate. UHMWPE has the highestcross-linking efficiency, while HDPE and LDPE show low cross-link densities. Cross-linking induces brittleness in the materials except in case of LDPE, and improves wear rate of LDPE and UHMWPE. However, the wear rate of HDPE increases with cross-linking
ADVOCACY AS A TOOL FOR FLOOD HAZARD MANAGEMENT: A CASE OF KABUL-SWAT FLOODPLAIN, PESHAWAR VALE
No full textThis paper attempts to use advocacy planning as a tool for efficient floodplain management and to evaluate the human responses and perceptions to flood hazard in the Kabul-Swat floodplain, Peshawar vale. In the study area, flood is a recurrent natural hazard. During summer season the Kabul and Swat rivers overflow natural banks and causing damages to standing crops, irrigation channels, human life, agriculture land as well as housing and other property. The selected area is located north-east of Peshawar city. For an intensive study, three villages namely: Shabara (Charsadda district), Manzurai (Charsadda district) and Kandar (Peshawar district) were selected at random. Furthermore, the flood hazard has also adversely affected the socio-economic and physical environment of the study area. For this purpose the study was carried out to find the human adjustment based on the general public responses and perceptions and finally to suggest recommendations to ensure safety of human lives and reduced damages.
The paper consists of seven sections. Section one discusses introduction of the study. Section two provides concept and definition of flood hazards. Section three assesses the methodology adopted for the study. Section four evaluates the existing mitigation measures in the area. Section five describes the human responses and perception to flood hazard Section six presents findings and conclusion. Policy recommendations are given in the final section
MANAGEMENT OF SOLID WASTE IN HYDERABAD CITY: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
No full textThis research paper is aimed to identify, explore, and disseminate the findings about the collection and transportation of solid waste in the second most populous city of Sindh province, Hyderabad. Working with a thorough understanding of existing system and practices in this city it is found that the imported solid waste management systems cannot be successfully adopted. Therefore there is need of an indigenous approach for the management of solid waste in this one of the oldest city of the region, A successful community-involved attempt has been made to reshape the existing system Of collection and transfer of solid waste by selecting Gulshan-e-Hali as a model colony. For this purpose a novel solid waste collection vehicle. Garbage Collection Rickshaw, was designed and operated satisfactorily. It is verified that incorporation of enhanced community participation can result ill significant and sustainable solid waste management improvements in the urban communities leading to improved living environment
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD, A SAMPLE STUDY OF PAKISTAN: ASSESSMENTS, IMPACTS AND PLANS
No full textCentralized planning policies and lack of democratic participation of the masses at community level have not only created uneven and unsustainable development and rural-urban bias, but have also generated various issues of water, air and land pollution, effecting adversely human development in the developing world in general but in Pakistan in particular.
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MODELING OF BLASTING COST AT DEEWAN CEMENT QUARRY, HATTAR USING MULTIVARIATE REGRESSION
No full textBlasting is only the frst step in the production process for mines and quarries and the cost of which is normally 8% to 12% of the total costs. Hence, reduced blasting cost is one of the main objectives of production blasting at a cement quarry. This paper presents the development of a prediction model for blasting cost per ton at Deewan cement quarry operations, located in Hattar, Pakistan. The dataset primarily consisted of a total of 12 parameters which has been analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to account for most signifcant parameters. These parameters were then subsequently used to formulate a model for the prediction of blasting cost per ton in the cement quarry operations. The prediction model based on 5 statistically signifcant variables explains 88.1% of the variance while estimating the blasting cost per ton
DEVELOPMENT OF CEMENT QUARRY PRODUCTION SEQUENCING ALGORITHM
No full textCement production involves the processing of raw materials that contain SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3,CaO,MgO,LOI (loss of ignition), SO3,K2O,Na20,TiO2,P2O5, and Cl, etc. to produce the synthetic mineral mixture called "clinker ” Bench-face chemistry, a critical element, plays a significant role in the subsequent blending of raw materials with other additives to meet the blending requirements and this element requires study of several different quarry plans in order to select the one requiring the fewest purchased additives(1). This paper presents a cementquarry production sequencing algorithm, which is used to generate multi-period quarry plans, satisfying geometric (slope) and production capacity constraints. The benefits of this methodology are demonstrated on a case study