UET Peshawar Publications Site (University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar)
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CORRELATION APPROACH TO THE PREDICTION OF THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF HYDROCARBON MIXTURES
No full textSeveral correlations have been examined and limitations in the description of intermolecular forces existing in pure fluids and their mixtures illustrated. The Quasi- lattice theory was applied for the correlation of heats of mixing data of fourteen hydrocarbon mixtures and deviation from 236 data points are reported
PERFORMANCE OF THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR OF PAKISTAN AND ITS COMPETITIVENESS CAUSE AND REMEDY
No full textThe manufacturing sector is of great importance for the economic development of every country. In Pakistan the contribution to GDP of the manufacturing sector over the past three decades has not grown measurably. A vibrant manufacturing sector entails a move from static to high productivity activities, and will contribute towards GDP growth as well as generating employment. This paper reviews the performance of Pakistan’s manufacturing sector and highlights its importance in economic development of the country and analyses the reasons behind the sectors apparent lack of competitiveness. It also discusses the standing of the Pakistani manufacturing sector and its capability of producing high-tech products and its share in the global export. Data provided by GEM Pakistan has been analyzed, that leads to suggest optimizing the Pakistani manufacturing sectors approach
MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS IN DIFFERENTIAL SERVICES
No full textIn this paper we present a mechanism to provide Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees to different multimedia applications that share link bandwidth in IP-based differential services domain. In this mechanism weights are associated with each service class, providing link share for service classes and to individual users according to their priorities. In order to evaluate the performance of our scheme we conducted simulations. The test data used portray different multimedia applications i.e. MPEG-2, IP telephony. The simulation results obtained show the effectiveness of our scheme for multimedia applications by allocating link share to each multimedia application and minimizing end-to-end transmission delay 9Y bringing them in line with the recommended standard acceptable transmission delay for multimedia applications. This paper also presents extension to our proposed Relative Bandwidth Sharing (RES) scheme for differential services. We have identified and highlighted the role of border routers and core routers in differential services domain. Exploring features of internet Protocol IPv6 in our architecture
MECHANISMS FOR SUPPORTING DIFFERENTIAL SERVICES IN THE INTERNET
No full textIn this paper we present a novel mechanism for supporting differential bandwidth allocation for various service classes. The mechanism (Relative Bandwidth Sharing-RBS) prescribes the classification of services into three categories: Premium, Standard and Best-effort. The Premium class may include real-time multimedia or any other application that requires low delay. The standard class provides an intermediate level between Premium and Best-effort. We envisage the use of our mechanism by Internet Services Providers (ISP) in order to allocate their link bandwidth to these service classes. The RBS mechanism thus enforces a limit to the bandwidth that any one of these classes can consume, reducing the potential for certain types of applications to congest the access links. In order to adapt to the network conditions we maintain some flexibility in the bandwidth allocation. This is achieved by mechanism for temporarily increasing (up-grading) the bandwidth share of one class if it is available from another class. We also discuss some techniques for supporting the real-time routing and delivery of multimedia packets across the current infrastructure offered by the internet. These techniques fall within the domain of differential services in the Internet, and aim at the provision of differential service to different types of packets. From the Internet perspective, the RBS mechanism can be seen as a traffic shaping mechanism on a per service-type basis. We finally discuss the design of our mechanism accompanied by our ongoing implementation work. Conclusions are presented with regards to the effectiveness of our RBS model and the merits of the real-time techniques presented
COMPUTER AIDED MODELLING OF AMMUNITION IGLOOS BY USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS
No full text“ Ammunition Igloos" is a typical structure for storage of Arms and Ammunition in the Armed Forces. The original model of the Igloos, called the Twin Igloos, was prepared by MES in 1966. The analysis of this model was based on old theories. In the past, the practice had been to be conservative in analysis, in order to safeguard against uncertainties such as. material and structural properties, execution limitations, etc. Moreover, lack of advanced theories/techniques also resulted in conservative analysis. Various other models based on box structures and shell structures were also adopted by the MES. It was necessary to review the analysis of this type of structure, keeping in view the latest techniques to make it economical. Analysis of the existing design was made for applied loads, quantities of material and the cost effects, etc. The proposed structure for analysis and design was selected as Circular and Elliptical Cylindrical Shells, of appropriate dimension, as a structural system. About 28 models i.e. Circular Cylindrical and Elliptical Cylindrical having varying shell thickness were prepared for the analysis. Theses models were analyzed with the computer program “ SAP90 ” against the static as well as dynamic loading. The dynamic / blast loading parameters were obtained from the computer "CONWEP" for the blast of 750-lbs bomb at a distance of 50 ft. The structure was also checked and analyzed for fragment penetration due to bomb blast, by using the program "CONWEP". The effective model was then finalized by comparing the models with different structural parameters
A NEW IMAGE PROCESSING ALGORITHM FOR VEHICLE DETECTION AND MONITORING APPLICATIONS
No full textThere is a growing demand for road traffic data of all kinds. These data are required by local and central governments for traffic surveillance, control and management. Vehicle detection and monitoring through video image processing is now considered as an attractive and flexible technique. However, the computational requirement in real-time image processing applications, such as road traffic, is beyond the capacity of conventional computers. Therefore, algorithms designed must be able to be processed in real-time. In this paper we describe a novel approach to detect and monitor vehicles in real-time. This approach is based on applying a novel morphological edge detector called SMED (Separable Morphological Edge Detector) to the key regions or windows. This method eliminates the need of a background frame, which is an essential but unreliable technique for background based image detection methods. The SMED edge detector has been applied to detect vehicles and monitor their movements at traffic junctions in real-time by using Pentium-based standard PCs
CONTROLLING RATES IN A DOUBLE-ENDED BULK QUEUE
No full textA double ended bulk-queue with Poisson-arrival is examined ¡n a situation where the rates depend (in a restricted way) on both the time and the state of the system. in this investigation, the distribution of the difference in queue-sizes for each member of a large class of controlled strategies is analysed. Using Laplace transforms of the generating functions of the process for different strategies, it is established that under some circumstances, the rate can be controlled
PREDICTION OF THE CRACKING STRESSES OF WIRE REINFORCED CONCRETE BY ROMUALDI AND BATSON’S CRACK ARREST CONCEPT MODEL AND COMPARISON WITH TEST RESULTS
No full textThe cracking stress of continuous wire reinforced concrete specimens are calculated by using the Romualdi and Batson's theoretical equations of the Crack Arrest Concept. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental results reported by Chan and Pathan. The trend of experimental results is in agreement with the theoretical concept qualitatively. The predictions of the Crack Arrest Concept are found to be overestimated. The reasons for such an overestimation are discussed and the modification is proposed
THE QUALITY OF HYDROGENATED OILS (BANASPATI GHEE) MANUFACTURED IN PAKISTAN
No full textIn order to assess the quality of different brands of hydrogenated oils the nickel and vitamin A contents, and the chemical constants of these oils were determined and compared with those of refined corn oil and butter fat. It was observed that the nickel and vitamin A contents of ten important brands of banaspati ghee manufactured in Pakistan varied from 18 to 105 and 3825 to 5482 IU per 100 g of the oil, respectively. Refined corn oil and butter fat contained no nickel, and appreciable amount of vitamin A, The physical and chemical constants of the oils indicate that corn oil contained unsaturated fatty acids in higher proportions as compared to hydrogenated oil and butter fat. The higher saponification, Reichert-Meissl and Polenske values of butter fat show that it contained higher amounts of low molecular weight, volatile fatty acids. The use of refined vegetable oil is recommended to maintain human health
COMPARISON OF FATIGUE RELATED ROAD TRAFFIC CRASHES ON THE NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AND MOTORWAYS IN PAKISTAN
No full text
Driver Fatigue is one of the leading causes of Road Traffic Crashes (RTC) in Pakistan . An attempt has been made in this research to compare the proportion of driver fatigue related RTC on the Motorways and National Highways of Pakistan. Data were collected from the National Highways and Motorway Police (NHMP). Data for 2003 to 2012 of all RTC on Motorways and 2003-2011 on the National Highways (N-5) were examined extensively by applying Australian Transportation Safety Bureau (ATSB) criteria for determining fatigue related RTC. The Total number of RTC on Motorways during 2003-2012 was 1750 out of which 497 were fatigue-related. The total number of RTC on (N-5) during 2003-2011 was 5080 out of which 483 were fatigue-related. The average percentage of fatigue related RTC on Motorways was 28%, however on National Highways (N-5) it was found to be 10%. Fatigue-related RTC is thus more prevalent on the Motorways. It was also discovered that fatigue-related RTC result in mostly fatal accidents on the Motorway (54%) and serious injuries on N-5 (41%)