UET Peshawar Publications Site (University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar)
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KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEM FOR SELECTING LOCAL AREA NETWORK IN FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING
No full textFlexible Manufacturing Systems (FMSs) are the latest stage of automation comprising flexible machines and automated material handling systems functioning under the control of computers. The potentials of a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) can be fully realised by integrating the island of automation in to a distributed processing system. This paper presents a Knowledge Based Networking Selection (KBNS) in an FMS. The Knowledge Based (KB) methodology helps in decision making about the selection of networking architecture, access control methods, protocols and transmission media. The KB methodology is developed by using an Expert System (ES) shell called AM
EVELOPMENT OF HEAD-DISCHARGE RELATIONSHIP FOR DRAINPIPE WEIR UNDER FREE FLOW CONDITIONS
No full textA study was performed to test the utility of sharp crested weirs in subsurface drainpipes to measure discharge and to develop a head-discharge relationship for these weirs under free flow conditions. A horizontal sharp crested weir installed at the outfall of a subsurface drain, like a sump or a manhole, was simulated in the laboratory of COE in Water Resources Engineering. UET, Lahore. A set of known discharges was passed over the weirs and the corresponding heads were recorded above the crest. Based on the laboratory observations, a headdischarge relationship was developed for the horizontal crest for 8” diameter pipe. Sensitivity of the discharge coefficient relationship with respect to non horizontal installation of the weir (5 and 10 mm difference in elevation between the left and right corners of the weir) was also carried out. It appears that variation in the coefficient of discharge is small as compared to the values when the crest was horizontal. Generally, the coefficient of discharge of all the weirs decreased in the tilted position. It clearly show that the proposed weirs are useful in discharge measurement of subsurface drains
DEPRIVATION OF SNYDER’S COEFFICIENTS OF SYNTHETIC UNIT HYDROGRAPH FOR SMALL CATCHMENT OF N-W.F.P.
No full textThis Study presents a procedure of deriving coefficients of Snyder's synthetic unit hydrograph (UHG ) using rainfall and runoff data of NWFP. Nine catchment were selected for the study, six of which are located in Northern region while three are situated in Southern region of NWFP. For each catchment four reported storms were selected during 1970-1980. Basin lag (tpr) and peak discharge ( qpr ) were related to physical characteristics of the catchments ranging in area from 233 to 840 sq. miles and corresponding coefficients C ( for basin lag ) and Cp ( for peak discharge) were found. As a result of the present study it was observed that there is a considerable variation of these coefficients for Southern and Northern regions. C ranges from 0.30 to 0.75 for Northern and 0.91 to 1.5 for Southern regions. Similarly Cp ranges from 0.26 to 0.66 for Northern and 1.1 to 1.45 for Southern regions
SURFACE RUNOFF FROM DEGRADED SCRUB FOREST WATERSHED UNDER HIGH RAINFALL ZONE
No full textThe watershed areas are degrading day by day, which results in excessive surface flows and sediment loads to the water reservoirs. The degradation rate of mountains watershed environment can be lessened through careful management of watershed resources. To document the hydrological behaviour of scrub forest watershed, a study was conducted at Rawal sub-watershedfor a period of 7 years( 1988-94 ). It was observedthatrainfallamountsand intensities were quite variable, with coefficients of variation of 71-281% and 72-114%, respectively. The average annual surface runoff varied from 19 to 41% of the incident rainfall for the respective years. The maximum percent runoff of incidental rainfall ranged from 50 to 91%. The maximum unit peak discharge ranged from 105 to 268 Ips/ha
ANALYSIS OF PUMPING TESTS IN A BURREN LIMESTONE AQUIFER IN THE WEST OF IRELAND
No full textThe properties of the limestoneaquifer which used asa source of water supply forAthenry,Co.Galway. Ireland, were investigated by pumping tests. Three tests were conduced, on 18th July 1994, 8th March 1995. Data from these pumping tests were analysed to determine the flow conditions during the tests. The time-drawdown curves showed that the flow regime during pumping was unsteady. The aquifer's behaviour during the tests was complex. According to the driller's report the aquifer was confined but when data from all the tests were plotted in the form of time-drawdown curves, they showed the trend qualitatively similar to the Neuman's theoretical curves for unconfined aquifers with delayed yield. The geological data from the well logs showed that the aquifer consists of weathered and dolomite below 10 m. The data was processed with four different methods starting from simplest, i.e. the Theis's curve matching. The Neuman's curves for unconfined aquifers with delayed yield were then matched with the measured data. The parameters of the Neuman's curves were also optimized by the non-linear method of least squares based on a modified version of the Rosenbrock algorithm. Inallthree cases,substantial deviationsof field data fromthe theory used were found. Finally, the Bourdet-Gringarten method for double-porosity fractured aquifers was used. In this method, the early and late time data from selected wells were matched with the classical Theis type curve. The estimated parameter values had wide range of variation in all cases except for the Bourdet-Gringarten curve matching which gave consistent values oftransmissivity, but the values of storativity are very uncertain even with this method, their average variation is between 0.0005 and 0.005. The average estimate of the aquifer transmissivity is 0.075 m2/min.The results of pumping tests show that no single classical theory of confined, unconfined, semi-confined or even fractured aquifers can fully succeed in interpreting the field data. More complex theories and their combinations should be applied in future if the aquifer behaviour is to be explained satisfactorily. In particular it appears that the flow in the fractured aquifer near the well may be non-darcian
ERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A CONTINUOUS SIMULATED ANNEALING METHOD RELATIVE TO PURE RANDOM SEARCH ON GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS
No full textSimulated annealing is a relatively new technique for solving global optimization problems. The Hide & Seek method is an extension of the basic technique to the continuous domain in an adaptive and efficient manner. It also does not impose conditions such as differentiability or continuity on the function being optimized. This paper describes the Hide & Seek techniqueand appliesittotwo standard mathematical problemsin global optimization.The same problems are also solved using Pure Random Search and a careful comparison of the performance of the two methods is made.Results indicate that the Hide & Seek algorithm is a strong candidate for consideration in solving global optimization methods with a few variables.
 
AUTOMATIC RECTIFICATION SYSTEM FOR AVHRR DATA
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Remotely-sensed datasuffers froma varietyof geometrical distortionswhichmustbe accounted for before the data is considered for applications such as mapping and temporal analysis of natural resources. The removal of these distortions on manual basis is a time consuming and tedious job, particularly when large areas are required to begeoreferenced. Proceduresare therefore required forthe removal of such distortionsand for bringing the data recorded in a satellite projection to the planimetric accord of the Earth or of any standard map projection. In this paper an automatic rectification system forthe geometrical correction of the High Resolution Picture Transmission( HRPT ) data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on-board the Television and Infra-Red Observation Satellites (TIROS ) is presented. The system comprises four modules.The modules which remove the geometrical errors inherited in the satellite images and bring them to the planimetric accord of a standard map of the area of concerned are particularly analyzed in order to achieve sub-pixel accuracy over a large area. The system has been successfully implemented for the navigation of Great Britain on near real-time basis in the parallel environment of the Alliant Computing System at the Satellite Receiving Station,University of Dundee, U.K.The registrationaccuracy of the resultsobtained from the automatic procedure has been numerically and visually compared with the results obtained from a standard manual rectification system.
 
EFFECT OF INITIAL MOISTURE STRESS LEVELS ON YIELD OF DIFFERENT WHEAT VARIETIES
No full textField experimentswere conducted to study the effect of initial moisture stress levels (65,80 and 95% of available moisture ) on three different wheat varieties ( Pak-81, Khyber-87, and Pirsabak-85 ) on silt loam soil at NWFP Agricultural University’s farm, Peshawar, Pakistan, during Rabi season of 1990-91. Consumptive use was worked out as a sum of soil moisture depletion between sampling, taking into consideration, the contribution of rainfall, amount of irrigation waterappliedanddeep percolation.Consumptive useof water for wheat was 365,355and327mm and average seasonal crop coefficients (KJ were 1.058, 1.028 and 0.973 at 65, 80 and 95% depletion of available soil moisture, respectively. The results obtained showed that there was not significant difference in yield and its componentsdue to various initial moisture stress levels maintained before first irrigation.However, the average yield at higher stress level (95% ) was 5 percent less than that of low stress level (65% ). The highest yield of 3450 kg/ha and maximum water use efficiency of 9.72 kg/ha/mm was obtained for variety Khyber-87 which was irrigated 24 days after sowing at 80% depletion of available soil moisture.
 
NUMERICAL MODELLING OF SILL PILLAR FAILURE OF THE NIOBEC MINE AT ST-HONORE, QUEBEC, CANADAAll the Niobec Mine, St-Honore, Quebec, Canada a sill pillar failed, snapping standard Swellex rockbolts, set at5 ft by5 ft spacing , the C-102 sill pillar failure w
No full textAll the Niobec Mine, St-Honore, Quebec, Canada a sill pillar failed, snapping standard Swellex rockbolts, set at5 ft by5 ft spacing , the C-102 sill pillar failure was located between600 ftand700 ftlevels. Information was collected and a back analysis study was conducted. A 2-dimensional, finite element, numerical modelling software system called e-z tools was selected to model the failure because it has the facility to simulate cable/rock-bolts. A parametric study, to determine the causes of failure, was undertaken and focused on the redesign of ground support. Cable bolts of 30 ft length with5 ft. by ft. spacing were found tobe ari appropriate mode of internal ground support, the paper providesdetails of the input data, numerical modelling technique and results of the study in the form of safety factors, using Hoek-brown empirical failure criterion, forjointed rock mass, stresses,displacementsand axial forces in the bolts. Conclusions drawn were based on those results and recommendations were made to improve the existing stability condition
ADJUSTMENT OF TRANSFORMER TAPS IN THE LOAD FLOW PROGRAM FOR WAPDA’S 500/220 KV GRID SYSTEM USING NEWTON-RAPHSON TECHNIQUE
No full textThe a.c power flow problem can be solved efficiently by Newton’ s method. Only four to six iterations, each ' equivalent to about seven of the widely used Gauss-Siedel method, are required for an exact solution. The different formations of WAPDA carry out load studies. All these formations rely on the costly software packages supplied by foreign agencies.The packages being used inWAPDAare Swedish Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)and Energy Management System and an American Power System Simulator ( PSS ). No doubt these are versatile and can handle mostof the problemsbut with no access to the source listing. Thus if atany stage it is required to make the programme more flexible subjected to the unique constraintsof WAPDA system,then that will only be possible through package supplier agency at the cost of huge foreign exchange.In past, load flow analysis of WAPDA system ( subjected to certain approximations ) was carried out by the locally developed computer programed In this paper effort has been made to improve the developed computer programme by taking into account the effect of tap-changer. A FORTRAN program based on Newton-Raphson algorithm in polar coordinates has been developed to run on Micro Vax 3100 system working with VMS operating system environment