UET Peshawar Publications Site (University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar)
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Key Performance Indicators Identification and Prioritization for Environmental Sustainability in the Cement Manufacturing Industry in Pakistan Using Analytical Hierarchy Process
No full textThis paper examines the role of Key performance Indicators (KPIs) that are believed to influence the environmental sustainability of cement production in Pakistan. Environmental sustainability decision requires a scientific approach of identifying and prioritization of KPIs. The cement industries are confronted with challenges to implement sustainable manufacturing processes. The data gathered through questionnaire distributed among 213 respondents representing 24 cement plants was analyzed using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The proposed KPIs are supposed to assist the decision makers in achieving environmental sustainability. Among the 11 KPIs identified, the KPI “Total amount of Emissions in Metric tons of CO2 equivalent per year” was identified as having the highest impact on environmental sustainability. 
SOLAR STILL PERFORMANCE FOR SEA WATER PURIFICATION: A STATISTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
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Sudden rise of fossil fuel prices and its scarce resources have caused the energy crises for the past few years. Current research has been focused primarily using renewable source of energy. The solar energy has been proved to be an economical alternative renewable energy used to extract the fresh water from sea water. The principle objective of the study is to purify the sea water by using solar energy. A pilot scale solar still has been designed, fabricated and optimized for maximum evaporation rate of model sea water. The various parameters such as water depth in still, average day temperature and average water temperature in still were studied experimentally and verified statistically though ANOVA (analysis of variance). It was found that the water temperature in the still is the most significant parameter that largely affects the evaporation rate. The fresh water with 240 mg/L dissolved salt has been extracted from the model sea water having dissolved salts of 35000 mg/L. The efficiency of a single basin solar still is improved up to 80 percent
FREE VIBRATION TEST OF LOW STRENGTH REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE COLUMNS AT SEVERAL DAMAGE STATES
No full textThe study represents the experimental test results of four scaled downed reinforced concrete bridge columns specimen subjected to free vibration testing. The specimens were made of low strength concrete having circular cross sections. The free vibration test was performed in order to evaluate the specimen’s dynamic characteristic for the undamaged and damaged conditions of different loading intensities. The dynamic characteristics of the specimens were assessed in terms of natural period of vibration and damaging ratio of the structures. The physical inertial masses during the test were simulated using the concrete blocks supported at the top of the specimen. Initially the test was conducted on the undamaged specimens for different load intensities. In order to cause damage to the specimens, quasi-static cyclic loading test was carried out. Finally, free vibration test on the damaged specimens was performed and changes in the dynamic characteristics of the specimen at various loading damage levels were examined. The test results indicate that the natural period of vibration increases and damping ratio decreases with the increase in mass supported on the top of the specimen. However the strength of concrete has no direct effect on natural period and damping of the specimens but it has effect on the level of damage of the specimen. Moreover, the natural frequency of vibration is significantly affected by the damage of the specimen. The experimental test results presented in this paper would provide valuable insight in how the damping characteristics change with changes in loading/ damage levels of reinforced concrete bridge columns
TREATMENT FEASIBILITY OF THE BLEACHING EFFLUENT OBTAINED FROM NSSC PULP AND PAPER MILL IN A UASB REACTOR
No full textUASB reactors R-I and R-II each with an effective volume of 6.0liters were used to study the treatability of actual bleaching effluent obtained from NSSC pulp and paper mill at mesophilic temperature and neutral pH. Methanol as a source of an easily biodegradable substance along with an activated carbon of effectivesize 1.5-2.5mm was added to the reactor R-I to evaluate its efficiency. It was observed that corresponding to an OLR of 2.14kg-COD/m3-day the overall COD removal efficiency of the reactors R-I and R-II was 83% and 64%, respectively. And the AOX removal efficiency was noticed as 71% and 49% for reactor R-I and R-II, respectively. During the study it was observed that the treatability efficiency of reactor R-I was comparatively better but the amount of its biogas production was slightly lower. The average biogas gas production in reactors R-I and R-II during the course of study was observed as 0.19L/g-CODremoved and 0.32L/g-CODremoved, respectively, with mean methane composition of 58-60% in both the reactors. The results of this study suggest that the use of methanol and an activated carbon in a UASB reactor to biodegrade the bleaching effluent of NSSC pulp and paper mill at mesophilic temperature and neutral pH reactor is a feasible and viable technique
SUPPORTIVE ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT IN INDUSTRIALIZATION
No full textThe paper attempts to examine the supportive role of the government in Industrialization. The proposition is tested with a higher level of industrialization with evidence from South Korea which shows strong and intelligent statesupport
TRAVEL AND SPREAD OF CONTAMINANTS IN GROUNDWATER
No full textThis paper presents the results of an extensive investigation conducted to determine the travel and spread pattern of selected contaminants due to disposal of sewage from a large subsurface system. The contaminants concentration tended to decrease with an increase in distance away from the leaching bed. The time and distance curves plotted for the selected contaminants at the concentration C/Co =0.1 became asymptotic after reaching the maximum distance in the week 146. The maximum distance traveled by the contaminants at the concentration C/Co=0.1, observed for 134 weeks, was 104 mfrom the center of the leaching bed. The maximum area of the contaminants spread was approximately 33,975 square meters
ASSESSMENT OF SUITABLE SOURCE OF FINE AGGREGATE TO BE USED IN KHUZDAR FOR ARTIFICIAL STONES
No full textThe usual primary requirement of a good mix in its green state is its workability and in harden state strength. These parameters are directly related to the size, shape and quality of materials i.e. coarse and fine aggregate, cement etc. The procurement of good material is materialized through thorough investigation. Fine aggregate (sand) the important ingredient of a mix is used as filler to reduce the amount of cement paste, also its presence provides greater volume stability than alone cement paste, therefore, maximizing the amount of fine aggregate to certain extent improves the quality and economy of mix.The research “Assessment of suitable source of fine aggregate to be used in Khuzdar for artificial stone” explores the properties of this important ingredient and presents the testing results of three sources generally used in Khuzdar and vicinity for preparing mortar and concrete. The recommendation of this study suggest the appropriate source among all after comparing and confirming standard
Experimental Investigation of Fracture Toughness, Hardness and Load-Indentation Depth Response of Ti-64 using Vickers Indentation Technique
No full textTitanium alloys display the matchless blend of physical and mechanical properties which have made them appropriate for aerospace, chemical, and biomedical industries services. Preeminent strength-to-density ratio, reduced density, incomparable corrosion resistance and tremendous properties at elevated temperature are the main attribute of titanium alloys. These alloys also exhibit low modulus of elasticity, making it ideal for spring, body implant, dental fixtures and different sports equipment. Ti-64 accounting for more than 50 percent of titanium usage in today modern world high-tech industries subjected to various nature of cyclic loading.
This study includes the experimental assessment of fracture toughness of Ti-64 using indentation technique which is easy and fast experimental techniques. For this purpose Vickers-indentation technique is employed to report the hardness followed by fracture toughness evaluation of the studied alloy using indentation energy model. The indentation method resulted a fracture toughness of the studied alloy with 14.5% when compared to the results obtained from strain dependent ductile damage model.  
DEVELOPMENT OF DATABASE OF HEAVY TRUCK LOAD DATA IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
No full textThe objective of this research project is to develop an indigenous solution that should be efficient and cost effective for determining truck loads passing from Peshawar. As heavy vehicles impacts road most, therefore small vehicles are put in one category and trucks are divided into two, three, four, five and six axles to give clear interpretation of each type of truck. To determine load data, a portable weighing station was designed keeping in view the size of each truck tire, the maximum deflection and economy. Weighing plates were made of steel which is easily available, cheaper as compare to the aluminum plates that are being employed in most of the weighing machines. Movable weighing station comprises of two rectangular steel plates of sizes 28” x 21” and thickness 1” considering the dimensions of loaded trucks tires and AASHTO specification. The thickness is taken as 1” as the deflection produced by the heaviest truck tire was less than 0.5”. General purpose strain gages were installed on front and back side of each plate in full wheat stone bridge form and were connected to Data acquisition system (DAQ) to record deflection. Lab calibration was carried out to determine the value of strain for each load applied through Universal testing machine (UTM). Load verses strain graph was developed for each load cell which was used to interpret the value of load exerted by each pair of tire to produce strains. By adding the strains from each plate, axle load and similarly by adding axles, the load of the complete vehicle can be determined. Field calibration was carried out to check the precision of plates and was found in close agreement. Axle wise load of around 200 vehicles were taken randomly and were found that more than 80% of the vehicles of each category are overloaded. This sample survey of load can be implemented across the country as it is the representation of the loaded vehicles moving in the country
PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF FACE RECOGNITION SYSTEM USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS MERGED WITH DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORMS
No full textPerformance of face recognition system can be enhanced by proposed technique titled as PCA merged with Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) instead of using the conventional PCA technique. In this technique to reduce the computational complexity of traditional PCA the size of the image is first reduced by taking the DWT of it. After applying the DWT the facial features of the image are extracted by calculating the Eigenface of the image with size already reduced by taking DWT. As a result of this process the size of database will reduce to one-fourth of the conventional PCA in which the facial features are extracted directly from the image by calculating the Eigenface. The size of the train database is reduced with the proposed technique which reduces the processing time of the face recognition without losing the accuracy. Performance of face recognition system is enhanced in terms of low processing time as shown by comparing the experimental results of conventional PCA and the proposed technique in this pape