UET Peshawar Publications Site (University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar)
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DEVELOPMENT OF OPTIMIZED MAINTENANCE SYSTEM FOR VEHICLE FLEET
No full textVehicle fleet holds a frm ground in both manufacturing and service industry. Fleet management plays a substantial role in an organization’s growth. Maintenance of vehicle fleet is critical in terms of cost, availability and customer satisfaction. The major cause for delays is inefcient and ineffective maintenance procedures. To avoid major market losses, an efcient maintenance model is required. This research proposed a maintenance system that integrates the flow of information by incorporating different maintenance strategies. The analysis is carried out on the basis of likelihood of the failures. Five Why Analysis is used to identify the root cause. The model incorporates the inspection method by using checklists and maintenance schedules. The system is capable to provide the basis for an advance system development
PROPAGATION OF PLANE WAVES IN A ROTATING TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC ELASTIC MATERIAL (The Special Case When α5 = 0)
No full textPropagation of waves in a homogeneous, transversely isotropic elastic material, rotating about its axis of symmetry, for the special case α5 = 0 is studied. In the basal plane two type of waves can propagate. For any other orientation of the polarization vector three type of waves can propagate. Propagation of longitudinal and transverse waves in the material is also studied. Rotational effect restricts the longitudinal wave to travel only along the axis of rotation. A transverse wave can also propagate perpendicular to the axis of rotation. There are also special directions along which transverse waves can exist
ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION CAUSED BY THERMAL POWER PLANT OF PAKISTAN STEEL
No full textThe aim of this study is to assess and analyse the. exhaust flue gases coming out from the chimney of Thermal Power Plant, and its effects on workers, vegetation and on the local environment. As there is no monitoring facility at source for the determination of toxic gases like S02 and NO2 therefore, ambient and work place diurnal monitoring was done for nine months regularly. The handy toximeters provided by Environment Protection Department of Pakistan Steel were used. At source only CO2, CO, H2, 02 and N2 were possible to be analysed and CO2 was considered as an indicator of burning efficiency.This paper presents the systematic and detailed analysis of toxic flue gases, their comparison with national and international standards, their effects on workers, vegetation and on the local environment
A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF COMPOSITE PROPELLER UNDER QUASI-STATIC AERODYNAMIC LOADING
No full textA numerical investigation of a conventional propeller, made from composite materials, was conducted in which its characteristics were studies under quasistatic aerodynamic loading. Five candidate propeller having different stacking sequences with non-zero D16 and D26 terms were considered. Results show that the ply staking sequences improves the performance of composite propeller as compared to its metallic counterput. The classical blade element theory of propellers and the finite element method is used in this wor
PROBLEMS, ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE AUTOMOTIVE VENDOR INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN—I
No full textAfter a broad identification of the major problems faced by the automotive industry of Pakistan this paper presents very useful analysis and comprehensive recommendations for solution of major problems of the automotive vendor industry. The problems of automotive vendor industry are identified as a result of interviews with vendors of the industry. The problems of car vendors are divided into five major categories: processes/ operations, supply chain, resources, testing & quality control, and poor technology climate. It includes both the vendors who are working for Japanese and local motorcycle assemblers. The analysis of the findings ofsurvey interviews, expert’s discussions, and media releases has unveiled some daunting facts pertinent to automotive vendor industry of Pakistan. The salient outcomes of the analysis are presented. On the basis of the analysis and interview results, comprehensive recommendations are also provided for the automotivevendor industry of Pakistan
STUDY OF INDIGENOUS FLUORSPAR AS METALLURGICAL FLUX
No full textThe mineral reservoirs of Pakistan have an enormous amount of Fluorspar. Approximately 1 million ton reservoir of Fluorspar was reported previously and is mostly exploitable. Also, around one third of its usage is in the form of metallurgical flux, a key slag fluidizer in steel industry as it increases the fluidity of slag in the ladle furnace. However, it needs to undergo beneficiation process to get it concentrated before being added into the furnace. In this study, we report, for the first time in Pakistan, that the indigenous Fluorspar can directly be used as a metallurgical flux without any beneficiation process as it is rich in Fluorite and also contains small amount of other compounds that are required to be fed as part of slag. Specifically, it contains only trace amount of apatite as compared to global Fluorspar. The composition of indigenous Fluorspar was compared with standard specifications and a detailed characterization was carried out including chemical, mineralogical, and spectroscopic analysis. Further, indigenous Fluorspar was applied as flux in the ladle refining operation of a local steel mill of Pakistan and results were stated on the basis of degree of desulphurization and different basicity indexe
ASSESSMENT OF WASTEWATER FOR DISPOSAL IN ACCORDANCE WITH NEQS CRITERIA AND ITS REUSE FOR IRRIGATION WITH DILUTION
No full textAccording to Section 11 of Pakistan Environmental Protection Act (PEPA) 1997, “No person shall discharge oremit or allow the discharge of any effluent or waste in an amount, concentration or level which is more than theNational Environmental Quality Standards(NEQS)”. Even in the presence of this act there are many housing societiesand Industrial zones, which are continuously disposing off their untreated wastewater to the natural water bodies. Inthis study Laboratory investigations on 5 composite samples were carried out. Total of 19 parameters were analyzedincluding Total Dissolve Solid (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), ChemicalOxygen demand (COD), Sulfide, Fluoride, Lead, Nickel, Boron, Copper, Iron, Zinc, Manganese, Chlorine Total andChromium hexavalent with average value of 502.6, 665.6, 267.4, 453.8, 3.1,5.3 0.6, 0.4, 1.4, 0.5, 0.5, 2.15, 0.6 and0.5 mg/L respectively. TSS, BOD, COD and Mn exceeded the limits of NEQS for all samples.The same wastewater can be used for irrigation purpose if it fulfills FAO irrigation water criteria. For thispurpose, important properties like SAR, Sodium ratio, Salt Index, Residual Sodium Carbonate, Permeability Index,Magnesium Adsorption Ratio, Sulfate ion and Boron were analyzed having result of 9.36 √(meq/L), 5.64, 75 ppm,4.66 meq/L, 110.46, 0.42, 6.07 meq/L, 1.386 mg/L mean concentrations respectively, violating the standards. A dilutionfactor of 1.09 litters is computed per liter of sewage to minimize, the concentrations of exceeded parameters bymixing with normal water, into a range that can be used safely for irrigation
PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF COMPRESSOR TO RECOVER FLARE GAS USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT TECHNIQUES
No full textThe main purpose of this research work is to deploy engineering experimental design techniques to recuperate largequantity of flare gas with the help of a new proposed plant process. Some factors responsible for disturbing routineof compressor are categorized and pertinent information is togethered from various resources. The information isthoroughly studied to enhance factors performance and the factors were set up according to the modified compressorcompression system. The suggested equipped factors guide to enhance the recuperate of low pressure burn gas andthe proposed approach of the performance parameters guide to cost effective taking out the low pressure flare gasminimizes harmful environmental impacts and achieve financial benefits
CRACK CLOSURE AND FIBRE BRIDGING CONTRIBUTION IN THE STRESSRATIO EFFECT ON DELAMINATION GROWTH UNDER FATIGUE
No full textThe objective of this paper is to investigate the contribution/role of the crack closure and the fibre bridging effectsin stress-ratio influence in mode I delamination growth in carbon/epoxy composite laminates. The crack closure effecthas been assessed by the identification of the non-linearity in the compliance curve of the double cantilever testspecimen after the delamination extension. The effect of fibre bridging was investigated by cutting the bridging fibresduring fatigue delamination. The fatigue test data was process using fracture mechanics principles. The delaminationgrowth rate in laminates was characterized using approach of strain energy release rate. The results of the experimentsof fatigue delamination growth with bridging fibres and un-bridged fibres have been compared for differentfatigue stress-ratios. The results show that crack closure only occurs at lower stress ratios. Fibre bridging does notaffect the stress ratio however the crack rate was decreased in this case
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LEAD FREE SOLDER ALLOY FOR GREEN ELECTRONICS UNDER HIGH STRAIN RATE AND THERMAL AGING
No full textLead free solder (LFS) alloys have been widely acknowledged due to its good mechanical properties and noharmful effect on environment. The current work is focused on the examination of thermal aging and strain rateson mechanical properties of Sn96.5-Ag3.0-Cu0.5 (SAC305) LFS alloy. The selected thermal aging temperatures are 60°C, 100 °C and 140 °C. Strain rates are measured at 10/s, 20/s, 30/s and 40/s. The microstructure examinationbefore and after thermal aging is carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) followed by confirmationof chemical composition with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The microstructure is further analyzed using ImageJto investigate the Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) particle average size at different aging temperature. Mechanicalproperties including Yield strength (YS) and Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) are examined before and after thermalaging and at different high strain rates from stress-strain curves using universal testing machine (UTM). Results showthat LFS alloys are extremely sensitive to changes in both temperature and strain rate. The microstructure becomescoarsen after thermal aging due to growth of average IMCs particle size which significantly results in reduction inYS and UTS. Furthermore, increasing strain rates results in increasing YS and UTS due to less creep deformation.Mathematical relations are also developed to predict these properties at various levels of aging temperature and strainrate. A power law relationship exists between strain rate and mechanical properties while a reciprocal relationshipis obtained between aging temperature and mechanical properties