Dalarna University College Electronic Archive
Not a member yet
13986 research outputs found
Sort by
Final report : Solar district heating with pit storage for Swedish conditions
No full textLarge-scale solar district heating has increased fast recently and is a commercial industry in Denmark with over 100 systems. Pit stores with high solar fraction exist in several of these systems. Some economic factors in Sweden are not as good as in Denmark. However, recent events have forced up the price of biomass in Sweden and other competing uses for the forest resource point to greater competition and thus higher prices, resulting in better viability for solar. The project has used geographic and geological data from e.g. SGU to identify which areas in Sweden that are potentially suitable for pit stores. The results from the screening process show that the vast majority of district heating areas have potentially suitable areas for pit storage within a reasonable distance from the network. Only 86 district heating areas do not. As there is no reliable data for the whole country for ground water level and flow, both important factors for economic viability, the results are optimistic. As to be expected, the results show large variations over the country, but in general there are more suitable areas in the south than north. The project also estimated how much heat solar and pit storage systems could potentially deliver to the district heating areas with suitable areas. If all of these identified district heating areas installed solar and pit storage systems covering 20% of their demand, 15% of Sweden’s total district heating demand would be supplied by solar. If all networks with potential areas for pit storage installed systems covering 40% of the local demand, the equivalent figure is 36%. Pre-feasibility studies for Råneå, Härnösand and Söderhamn show that the heat cost for solar heating systems is slightly higher than the current production heat cost in these networks, given the current interest rate. As the heat cost for solar is mostly dependent on the investment cost, it varies over time in principle only with the interest rate. A lower interest rate or small annual increases in fuel costs would make the studied solar heating systems economically viable. Costs, as for many other technologies, are lower for larger systems. Integration of a heat pump in the system is cost effective if the site of the pit store is in the periphery of the network and the district heating system has exhaust gas condensation. In practice there are many additional factors that can hinder building a pit store in the sites identified as suitable in the screening. The results of the screening are theoretical and are based on the assumption that none of these negative factors exist. Detailed on-site geological measurements are needed if one wants to take the next step in actually building a pit store
Registered Nurses’ Experiences in Identifying Signs of Sepsis : A Literature Review
No full textBakgrund: Sepsis är ett livshotande tillstånd som kan leda till organsvikt och död om det inte identifieras och behandlas i tid. Sjuksköterskor har en central roll i att identifiera sepsis och initiera adekvat vård, men det kan vara utmanande eftersom symtomen kan vara ospecifika och svårtolkade. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att identifiera tecken på sepsis. Metod: En strukturerad litteraturstudie med inslag av den metodologin som används för en systematisk litteraturöversikt. Sökningen i PubMed och CINAHL identifierade 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. Analysen genomfördes med hjälp av Fribergs analysmodell. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i två huvudkategorier, Kunskap och klinisk erfarenhet och Utmaningar. Med tillhörande fem underkategorier Betydelsen av klinisk erfarenhet, Kunskapsnivå, Behov av utbildning, Brist på tydliga riktlinjer samt Arbetsmiljö och resursbrist. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskors möjligheter att identifiera sepsis varierade beroende på deras kunskapsnivå, kliniska erfarenhet och organisatoriska förutsättningar. Resultatet tyder på att många sjuksköterskor innehar en grundläggande teoretisk kunskap men saknar förmågan att implementera kunskapen i det kliniska arbetet. Flera faktorer ansågs hindra och stötta implementeringen.Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that can result in organ failure and death if not promptly recognized and treated. Nurses play a critical role inidentifying sepsis and ensuring timely intervention. However, this process is often challenging due to the nonspecific and sometimes subtle nature of sepsis symptoms. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore nurses’ experiences in identifying signs of sepsis. Method: A structured literature review with elements of the methodology used for a systematic literature review. The search in PubMed and CINAHL identified 15 scientific articles. The analysis was carried out using Friberg's analysis model. Results: The analysis resulted in two main categories, Knowledge and clinical experience and Challenges. With associated five subcategories: The importance of clinical experience, Level of knowledge, Need for training, Lack of clear guidelines, and Work environment and lack of resources. Conclusions: Nurses' opportunities to identify sepsis varied depending on their level of knowledge, clinical experience and organizational conditions. The results indicate that many nurses possess a basic theoretical knowledge but lack the ability to implement the knowledge in the clinical work. Several factors were considered to hinder and support the implementation.
Teacher leaders’ capacity for school development
No full textThis study explores the role of teacher leaders in school development, focusing on their dual responsibilities in teaching practice and broader organizational improvement. It investigates how Swedish teacher leaders balance their teaching duties with school development tasks, contributing to both areas. The research questions address teacher leaders’ approaches to teaching and school development, their experiences of leading colleagues, and their progression in leadership capacity. The study involves interviews with over 20 teacher leaders from six compulsory schools, analyzing their engagement in teaching and broader school development. The 20 teacher leaders interviewed constitute a group of informants with experience in a wide range of challenges, student populations, and teaching staff. The analysis was conducted in several stages, beginning with an initial qualitative review of participants’ experiences, followed by more theory-driven analyses grounded in previous research on teacher leadership and informed by Fairman and Mackenzie’s model of capacity building. Findings reveal that teacher leaders emphasize systematic reflection on teaching and collaborative efforts for school improvement. However, challenges include engaging colleagues in broader development initiatives and navigating the transition between teaching and organizational leadership. The study concludes that while teacher leaders play a crucial role in school development, further research is needed to understand how to support their dual responsibilities effectively.
Newly licensed nurses’ experiences of their first employment : a literature review
No full textBakgrund Sjuksköterskeutbildningen i Sverige omfattar tre års högskolestudier vilket leder till legitimation och kandidatexamen i omvårdnad. Övergången till yrkeslivet ofta som en verklighetschock där nylegitimerade sjuksköterskor ställs inför höga krav vilket kan leda till stress och utmattning samt leder till övervägandet om att lämna yrket. Sjuksköterskebrist är ett växande problem i Sverige och globalt vilket påverkar vårdkvalitet och bemanning inom hälso- och sjukvården. Syfte Att beskriva nylegitimerade sjuksköterskors upplevelser av sin första anställning som sjuksköterska. Metod Litteraturöversikten baseras på 14 vetenskapliga artiklar, varav 13 har en kvalitativ ansats och en använder en mixad metod. Artikelsökningen genomfördes i databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Resultat Upplevelser som kunde påverka nylegitimerade sjuksköterskors på första anställningen delas in i följande huvudkategorier: arbetsrelaterade upplevelser, upplevelser av handledning och stöd samt betydelse av personliga förutsättningar. Slutsats Nylegitimerade sjuksköterskors upplevelser påverkas av arbetsmiljö, stöd i form av handledning och introduktion samt deras egna personliga förutsättningar. Upplevelser av kollegialt stöd, mentorskap och tidigare erfarenhet kan skapa trygghet för vidare utveckling, medan hög arbetsbelastning och brist på balans mellan arbete och privatliv kan leda till att sjuksköterskor blir utmattade, sjukskrivna och även kan överväga att lämna sjuksköterskeyrket.Background The nursing education in Sweden consists of three years of university studies, leading to professional registration and a bachelor’s degree in nursing. The transition into working life is often experienced as a reality shock, where newly registered nurses face high demands that can result in stress and exhaustion, and may lead to considerations of leaving the profession. The nursing shortage is a growing problem both in Sweden and globally, affecting the quality of care and staffing within healthcare services Aim To describe newly graduated nurses’ experiences of their first employment as registered nurses Method The literature review is based on 14 scientific articles, of which 13 apply a qualitative approach and one applies a mixed-methods design. The article search was conducted in the databases CINAHL and PubMed Results Experiences that influenced newly graduated nurses during their first employment can be categorized into the following main areas: work-related experiences, experiences of guidance and support, and the significance of persona lcircumstances. Conclusions Newly graduated nurses’ experiences are influenced by the workenvironment, the support they receive through supervision and orientation, as well as their personal circumstances. Experience of collegial support, mentorship, and previous experience can foster a sense of security and promote further professional development. In contrast, high workloads and a lack of work–life balance may lead to exhaustion, sick leave, and in some cases, consideration of leaving the nursing profession
Introduktion: Samarbete och frihet i lärande. Perspektiv på skolutveckling och pedagogisk praxis
No full textPatients with mental illness and their experiences of interactions with health care staff : A literature review
No full textBakgrund: Personer med psykisk ohälsa har en ökad risk för förtida död på grund av olika faktorer och samsjuklighet. Stigmatisering och brist på kunskap hos vårdpersonal leder till feltolkningar och feldiagnostisering, vilket utgör ytterligare hot mot deras hälsa, välbefinnande och framtida hjälpsökande. Syfte: Syftet med arbetet var att belysa hur vuxna patienter med psykisk ohälsa upplever vårdpersonalens bemötande inom somatisk vård och primärvård. Metod: Designen är en litteraturstudie med inslag av den metod som används i systematiska översikter. Totalt 12 studier inkluderades: tio kvalitativa och två blandade metoder. Dataanalysen genomfördes utifrån Fribergs (2022) fyrstegsmodell och kulminerade i en tematisk innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i två huvudkategorier som sammanfattar patienternas upplevelser: Att bli mött med respekt och Att inte bli tagen på allvar. Att bli mött med respekt relaterar till upplevelser av medkänsla, respekt, deltagande och gemensamt beslutsfattande. Att inte bli tagen på allvar relaterar till upplevelser av undvikande, tillrättavisning och dömande i mötena. Slutsats: Patienter med psykisk ohälsa har varierande erfarenheter av mötet med vårdpersonal inom primärvård och somatisk vård. Deras erfarenheter kopplas till personalens förmåga att möta dem utifrån ett personcentrerat perspektiv.Background: People with mental illness have an increased risk of premature death due to various factors and comorbidities. Stigma and lack of knowledge among health care staff lead to misinterpretation and misdiagnosis, which poses a further threat to their health, wellbeing and future help seeking. Aim: To explore how patients with mental illness experience the interactions with health care staff in somatic and primary care settings. Method: The design is a literature study with elements of the methodology used in systematic reviews. A total of 12 studies were sampled: ten qualitative and two mixed methods. The data analysis was based on Fribergs (2022) four-step model and culminated in a thematic content analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in two main categories that encompasses the patients’ experiences: To be treated with respect and Not being taken seriously. To be treated with respect refers to experiences of compassion, respect, involvement, and shared decision making. Not being taken seriously refers to experiences of avoidance, lack of knowledge, admonishing and judgement in the interactions. Conclusions: Patients with mental illness have varying experiences of interactions with health care staff in primary and somatic care. Their experiences are linked to the staff’s ability to meet them from a person-centered stance.
The encountering of women exposed to intimate partner violence : A literature review
No full textBakgrund Våld i nära relationer (VNR) är ett globalt samhällsproblem och sjuksköterskan har en viktig roll i patientmötet både med att uppmärksamma och hjälpa kvinnor som är utsatta. Syfte Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att undersöka sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att möta och stödja kvinnor utsatta för VNR. Metod En strukturerad litteraturöversikt genomfördes med inslag av den metodologi som används i systematiska översikter. Innehållet är baserat på tolv artiklar från databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Resultat Sjuksköterskor upplevde att de hade otillräcklig utbildning för att hantera VNR på ett adekvat sätt. När sjuksköterskor saknade tydliga riktlinjer upplevdes det försvåra arbetet med VNR. Arbetet sågs som en process som krävde tid och tålamod. Sjuksköterskor tenderade att känna sig otrygga och rädda relaterat till arbetet med VNR. Slutsats Sjuksköterskor tenderar att känna sig oförberedda, otillräckliga, otrygga, rädda och osäkra i mötet med kvinnor utsatta VNR, vilket grundar sig i otillräcklig utbildning, kunskap och tidsbrist. Faktorer som tydliga riktlinjer och ett välfungerande ledarskap lyfts fram. Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major global societal problem, and nurses play a crucial role in patient interactions, both in recognizing and assisting women who are affected. AimThe aim of this literature review was to investigate nurses experiences of encountering and supporting women exposed to IPV. Method A structured literature review was conducted using elements of the methodology employed in systematic reviews. The content is based on twelve articles from the databases CINAHL and PubMed. Results Nurses felt that they had insufficient training to adequately handle IPV. The lack of clear guidelines was perceived to complicate their work with IPV. Addressing IPV was seen as a process that required time and patience. Nurses tended to feel insecure and fearful when working with IPV. Conclusions Nurses tend to feel unprepared, inadequate, unsafe, fearful, and uncertain when encountering women exposed to IPV, which stems from a lack of training, knowledge, and time. Factors such as clear guidelines and effective leadership are highlighted as important.
Nursing measures to promote quality of life of women during menopause : A literature review
No full textBakgrund Kvinnor i klimakteriet genomgår hormonella förändringar som på olika sätt påverkar deras livskvalitet. Den historiska och kulturella synen på klimakteriet bidrar till att forma kvinnors upplevelse av denna livsfas, vilket kan försvåra anpassningen till klimakteriet och de fysiska samt psykosociala utmaningar som tillkommer. Syfte Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att beskriva omvårdnadsåtgärder för att främja livskvaliteten hos kvinnor i klimakteriet. Metod En strukturerad litteraturöversikt genomfördes med inslag av den metodologi som används vid systematiska översikter. Översikten baserades på resultatet från totalt 14 vetenskapliga artiklar som inhämtades från PubMed och CINAHL. Resultat Sjuksköterskans egenvårdsråd är viktigt för att främja livskvaliteten. Utbildning och information är åtgärder som stöttar kvinnor under klimakteriet. Genom individanpassad kommunikation och samarbete bidrar sjuksköterskan till förbättrad livskvalitet för kvinnor under klimakteriet. Slutsats Information, utbildning, egenvårdsråd, kommunikation och samarbete var omvårdnadsåtgärder som sjuksköterskor kan bidra med för att främja livskvaliteten hos kvinnor i klimakteriet.Background Women in menopause undergo hormonal changes that affect their quality of life.The historical and cultural perception of menopause contributes to shaping women’s experience, which can complicate their adjustment to menopause and the physical as well as psychosocial challenges that arise. AimThe purpose of the literature review was to describe nursing measures to promote quality of life of women during menopause. Method A structured literature review was conducted with elements of the methodology used in systematic reviews. The review was based on the results from a total of 14 scientific articles obtained from PubMed and CINAHL. Results Nurses’ self-care advice is important for promoting quality of life. Education and information are measures that support women during menopause. Through individualized communication and collaboration, the nurse contributes to improved quality of life for women during menopause. Conclusions Information, education, self-care advice, communication and collaboration were nursing interventions that nurses can provide to promote quality of life in menopausal women.
Experiences of loosing a loved one to suicide : a literature review
No full textBakgrund I Sverige avlider cirka 1500 personer årligen av suicid, detta innebär ungefär 15000 efterlevande närstående med unika behov. Att förlora en närstående i suicidi nnebär en ökad risk för psykisk ohälsa och suicidalt beteende. Sjuksköterskan träffar efterlevande i många olika kontexter. Syfte Att beskriva efterlevandes upplevelser av att förlora en närstående i suicid. Metod Designen var en strukturerad litteraturstudie med inslag av den metodologi som används vid systematiska översikter. Databaserna PubMed och CINAHL användes, 15 artiklar analyserades vilket resulterade i 3 huvudkategorier med 9 tillhörande underkategorier. Resultat Kategorierna som identifierades med tillhörande underkategorier var följande. Påverkan på den egna personen; fysiska och psykiska besvär, negativa tankar, känslor av sorg, skuld, skam och ilska, omvärdering av livet. Påverkan på relationer; relationer i familjen, övriga relationer. Stöd och strategier; upplevelse av stöd från vården, maladaptiv coping, adaptiv coping. Slutsats Litteraturöversikten visar att de som förlorat en närstående i suicid blir påverkade på flera olika sätt, exempelvis känslor, tankar, relationer och beteende. Många upplever tyvärr en brist när det kommer till stöd från sjukvården och samhället, både vad gäller bemötande och vilken typ av stöd som erbjuds.Background Among 1500 persons yearly dies by suicide in Sweden, that results in about 15000 bereaved with different needs. To loose a relative in suicide means an increased risk of mental illness and suicidal behaviour. A nurse meets bereaved in many different contexts. Aim To describe experiences of loosing a loved one to suicide Method The design was a structured literature study with elements from the methodology used in systematic reviews. The search engines PubMed and CINAHL were used, 15 articles were analysed and resulted in 3 head categories and 9 subcategories. Results The categories with subcategories identified were: Impact on one-self; physical and psychological issues, negative thoughts, feelings of grief, guilt, shame and rage, re-evaluation of life. Impact on relationships; relationships in the family, other relationships. Support and strategies; experience of support from healthcare, maladaptive coping, adaptive coping. Conclusions It showed that bereaved from suicide experiences affection in several areas, some of them are feelings, thoughts, relationships and behaviour. Unfortunately it was not unusual to experience lack of support from the healthcare and the community,both regarding personal treatment and what kind of support that was offered
Prestandajämförelse av fullständig homomorf kryptering i betrodda exekveringsmiljöer : En jämförelse mellan Intel TDX, virtuell maskin och körning utan virtualisering
No full textData security and privacy have become more important than ever. The need for data integrity is also becoming more relevant. Supporting these requirements while also outsourcing computing to cloud services is challenging, but there are different ways to meet these requirements such as data encryption. Combining Trusted Execution Environments (TEE) with Homomorphic Encryption (HE) can provide enhanced data confidentiality as well as data integrity. Intel TDX is a newly released TEE, and little is known about combining Fully Homomorphic Encryption with Intel TDX. This study examines the performance of Intel TDX compared to a regular virtual machine (VM) implementations and examines what trade-offs must be made when prioritizing between execution rate and security. To investigate this, experiments were conducted using the different environments. A Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) benchmark program with two different parameter sets was used to measure its execution time. The analysis involved plots, regression analysis and a Pareto front plot. The sample times ranged between approximately 9 ― 89 seconds. TDX and VM environments were observed tobe similar in execution time, with no environment consistently being faster. A linear relationship was found, predicting execution time vs lattice dimension. The regression analysis showed an impressive R2 value of 0.99, while the Pareto front analysis showed the optimal parameter set when considering execution rate and estimated security level for our data.