Jurnal Fakultas Farmasi Umi (Universitas Muslim Indonesia)
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AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI FORMULASI KRIM EKSTRAK DAUN JAMBU AIR (Syzygium aqueum) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acnes
Full text linkThe skin is the outermost layer or tissue that covers the entire body and protects the body from external threats, especially bacteria that cause acne which is a skin problem because it is caused by gram-positive bacteria, namely Propionibacterium acnes. Guava leaves (Syzygium aqueum) are known to contain flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins which have antibacterial effects. This study aims to determine the water guava leaf extract cream and its antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. This research method is laboratory experimental. Testing the quality of the formulation was carried out by testing the organoletic, spreadability, homogeneity test and PH test. Testing the antibacterial activity using diffusion by measuring the value of the diameter of the zone of inhibition. The results showed that the ethanol extract cream complied with the organoleptic, potency, dispersion, homogeneity and pH tests, and had antibacterial activity with a concentration of 30% with an inhibition zone of 32.2 ± 0.3
Synergistic Antibacterial Effects of Areca Nut Seed (Areca catechu L.) and Binahong leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Extracts Against Propionibacterium acnes
Full text linkAreca nut (Areca catechu L.) seeds has antibacterial properties due to their alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and polyphenol compounds. Binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) contain flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and alkaloids that also act as antibacterial agents. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity and synergistic effects of combining extracts from areca nut and binahong leaves against Propionibacterium acnes. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of P. acnes were evaluated for the ethanol extracts of areca nut and binahong leaves. The MIC and MBC values 400 ppm and 1.600 for extract ethanol single areca nut and 50.000 ppm and 100.000 ppm for binahong leaves. The MIC and MBC values for the combination 400/12.500 ppm and 1.600/781,25 ppm for areca nut and 50,000/800 ppm and 100,000/100 ppm for binahong leaves, respectively. The synergy between the two extracts was determined using the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI). The FICI value of 1. P. acnes indicates an indifferent effect (1 < FICI ≤ 4)
Antibacterial Activity Test of Endophytic Fungi Extraction Kasumba Turate (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Leaves From Galesong against Digestive Tract Infection
Full text linkDigestive tract infection is still a significant health problem in Indonesia, it caused by pathogenic bacteria. Kasumba turate (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a medicinal plant that empirically used as measles drug with several compounds such as flavonoids, quinocalcones, polyacetylenes, alkaloids, fatty acids, steroids, proteins and polysaccharides and kasumba turate (Carthamus tinctorius L.) leaves are believed to have antimicrobial activity against several microbes pathogens such as E.coli and S.aureus. This research was conducted to determine endophytic fungi isolates from kasumba turate (Carthamus tinctorius L.) leaves that can provide activity against bacteria that cause digestive tract infections seen from the bioautography profile determination. Three endophytic fungi isolated from kasumba turate (Carthamus tinctorius L.) leaves were purified and observe macroscopically. After purification an antibacterial screening test was conducted by observing the inhibition zone of each isolate; the isolate with largest inhibition zone is IFEDKT-03. Isolates were fermented for 21 days, mycelia and supernatant were separated, and extraction was performed. The endophytic fungi extract of kasumba turate (Chartamus tinctorius L.) leaves has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, and Vibrio cholera as indicated by Rf values of 0.23, 0.41, 0.49, 0.56, 0.70 and 0.7
PENENTUAN NILAI SPF DARI EKTRAK ETANOL DAUN JAMBU AIR (Syzygium aqueum) DAN DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.)
Full text linkSkin is the outer part of the body that is directly exposed to the environment, especially sunlight such as ultraviolet radiation. The skin basically has a defense against the negative effects of UV radiation of sunlight. Excessive sun exposure to the skin can cause skin damage that is acute (fast) and chronic (long). One of the ways used to prevent these negative effects is to use suncreen with a high SPF value. Syzygium aqueum and Muntingia calabura L. are plants that can be utilized as natural sunscreen active ingredients due to the content of polyphenolic compounds and high antioxidant activity values in their leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the SPF value of ethanol extracts of Syzygium aqueum and Muntingia calabura L. and its protection category. Determination of SPF value was carried out by UV-VIS spectrophotometric method at UV B wavelength (290-320 nm), then the absorbance value obtained was calculated into the Mansur mathematical equation. Determination of sunscreen protection category based on SPF value refers to the provisions of the Food Drug Administrations (FDA). The results showed that the highest SPF value of Syzygium aqueum was obtained at a concentration of 1000 ppm, namely 46.183 with ultra protection category and the highest SPF value of Muntingia calabura L. at a concentration of 1500 ppm, namely 47.975 with ultra protection protection category. Based on these results, Syzygium aqueum and Muntingia calabura L. have the potential to be developed as sunscreen active ingredients with ultra protection category
EFEK EKSTRAK DAGING BUAH PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) TERHADAP HISTOPATOLOGI PANKREAS TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) DIABETES
Full text linkDiabetes mellitus is a severe and persistent illness caused by insufficient production of insulin, a hormone responsible for regulating blood glucose levels, by the pancreas. Diabetes mellitus is a significant public health issue, and its incidence is expected to rise over the next several decades. This study aims to investigate the impact of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) pulp extract on the pancreatic histopathology of diabetic white rats (Rattus novergicus). According to research findings, a dose of 100 mg/kgBW of nutmeg pulp extract has been found to effectively lower blood sugar levels without causing harm to the pancreas. On the other hand, doses of 200 mg/kgBW and 300 mg/kgBW of nutmeg pulp extract can drop blood sugar levels, but they have certain side effects. cause harm to the pancreas organDiabetes mellitus type II is a metabolic disorder characterized by increased blood sugar due to decreased insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells and/or impaired insulin function (insulin resistance). The use of natural ingredients is widely used by the public as an alternative to synthetic treatments; the use of drugs derived from natural ingredients must consider safety aspects for the body, one of which is the pancreas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutmeg fruit flesh extract (Myristica fragrans Houtt) on the histopathology of the pancreas of white rats (Rattus novergicus) with type II diabetes. The study was conducted using an experimental method using 25 white rats wistar strains divided into five groups: negative control (1% Na-CMC), positive control (metformin), and nutmeg flesh extract 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 300 mg/kgBW. All groups were given high-carbohydrate feed for 30 days, then given extract and metformin for 7 days. On the 36th day, the pancreas was removed and histopathology preparations were made. The main parameters of the research results include initial blood sugar levels before induction (T0), final day blood sugar levels (T30), blood sugar levels on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after sample administration, pancreas organ weight, and pancreas organ severity score. The data obtained were analyzed using Oneway-Anova with a significance of 0.05. The results of the study concluded that the dose of nutmeg fruit flesh extract that was effective in lowering blood sugar levels was at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW and did not damage the pancreas organ, while nutmeg fruit flesh extract with doses of 200 mg/kgBW and 300 mg/kgBW was able to lower blood sugar levels but did not have a protective effect on the pancreas organ
Antibacterial Activity of Endophyte Fungi from Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera) in Gastrointestinal Infection
Full text linkMoringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) have potential as an antibacterial because they contain tannins, steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, where these compounds can damage bacterial cell membranes. This study aims to determine the isolates of leaf endophytic fungi (Moringa oleifera) which have antibacterial activity against digestive tract infection bacteria using the agar diffusion method. The results of the isolation of the endophytic fungi of Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) obtained 6 isolates which were continued with purification and macroscopic examination. The pure isolates obtained were subjected to screening tests on the test bacteria. The isolate with the IFDK-05 code as the most active isolate, were then fermented. The fermented products were then filtered to separate the supernatant and mycelia. This supernatant was then tested for antibacterial activity using agar diffusion. The results of testing the antibacterial activity of moringa leaf endophytic fungi isolate using the diffusion method in order to obtain the diameter of the inhibition zone for Escherichia coli bacteria (9,01 mm), Salmonella thypi (10,70 mm), Shigella disentryae (9,13 mm), and Vibrio cholerae (-10,95mm). Based on the results of this study, isolates of endophytic fungi of Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) have antibacterial activit
Free Antiradical Activity Test of Endophytic Fungi Isolates of Kasumba Turate (Carthamus tinctorius (L) Leaves from Galesong Takalar with KLT-Autography Method
Full text linkThe kasumba turate plant (Carthamus tinctorius (L.) has the potential as a free antiradical. Free antiradical compounds in kasumba turate plants come from secondary metabolites produced by endophytic compounds known as endophytic fungi. Kasumba turate contains phenolic compounds and carotenoids that have antioxidant activity. This study aims to obtain isolates of endophytic fungi in kasumba turate (Carthamus tinctorius (L.) plants that can act as free antiradicals by KLT-Autography method. Five isolates IFDK 01, IFDK 02, IFDK 03, IFDK 04, and IFDK 05 were obtained. After testing the antioxidant activity of endophytic fungal isolates, two isolates were obtained that gave the best antioxidant activity, namely isolates IFDK 03 and IFDK 04. The results of KLT-Autography testing by spraying DPPH isolates IFDK 03 and IFDK 04 have the potential as free antiradicals showing yellow spots on a purple background having an Rf1 value, IFDK 03 isolate 0.94 and Rf2 0.55 and Rf1 value, IFDK 04 isolate 0.76 and Rf2 0.4
Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi from Bidara Roots Against Bacteria that Cause Skin Infections
Full text linkEndophytic fungi are fungi that grow and colonize plant tissues and are capable of producing bioactive compounds similar to those produced by their host. This study aims to determine the concentration of endophytic fungal isolates from Bidara roots (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam) that have antibacterial activity against bacteria that cause skin infections using the agar diffusion method. The research method begins with the rejuvenation of IFAZ-6 isolates, and microscopic and macroscopic observations are carried out. The isolates were fermented using Maltose Yeast Broth medium at 200 rpm for 21 days. The fermentate was extracted with an ethyl acetate solvent to obtain a thick extract. The tests carried out were minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and antibacterial activity tests carried out using the agar diffusion method. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that the IFAZ-6 isolate extract at a concentration of 800 ppm showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Propionibacterium acnes. The statistical analysis results showed that the extract of isolate IFAZ-6 against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis at concentrations of 800-1600 ppm and 1600–3200 ppm exhibited the same antibacterial activity. The bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed the same antibacterial activity at all tested concentrations, and the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes at concentrations of 1600–3200 ppm also exhibited the same antibacterial activity
