National Institute of Development Administration
NIDA (National Institute of Development Administration): Wisdom Repository / สถาบันบัณฑิตพัฒนบริหารศาสตร์Not a member yet
3872 research outputs found
Sort by
Essays in macroeconomics : a DSGE approach
No full textThesis (Ph.D. (Economics))--National Institute of Development Administration, 2021This dissertation consists of two independent essays in macroeconomics. The first essay examined environmental policy and convexity of climate change damage functions while the second one analyzed the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the Thai economy.
Environmental Policy and Convexity of Climate Change Damage Functions: An Experiment with New Keynesian DSGE model. The paper seeks out to investigate how varying degree of convexity of climate change damage function affect economic output and the dynamic response of macroeconomic variables to shocks under different environmental policy regimes. In an economy featuring nominal rigidities and monopolistically competitive firms together with climate change mitigation policy and firm abatement effort, the results show that the choice of damage function affects long term growth of the economy and the performance of climate mitigation policy. A highly convex climate damage function has a significant contractionary effect on economic output and by extension consumption and private investment. This result stands irrespective of the environmental policy put in place. The impact of exogenous shocks on the macroeconomic variables is higher the higher the degree of convexity of the damage function. Cap-and-trade policy compresses the response of macroeconomic variables to these shocks, irrespective of curvature of the damage function. The results are robust to different calibration of the climate damage functions.
Impact of Covid-19 On the Thai Economy and The Effectiveness of Monetary Policy: A Bayesian DSGE Model Approach. This study estimates a medium scale dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model for the Thai economy to evaluate the impact of the Covid-19 containment policy on the key macroeconomic aggregates. Shock to labor supply is considered the main transmission channel. We discuss the role of monetary policy in the economic recovery and also identify dominant shocks driving the business cycle. Thai quarterly series from 2011Q1 to 2021Q2 is used for the Bayesian estimation of the model. Though the pandemic shock caused sharp decline in output, consumption and investment, the results suggest a fast recovery in growth rates of the variables in about 2.5 years. At the same time, the dominant shocks that account for output variation in the medium to long term are investment, labor supply, productivity and monetary policy shocks. This revealed the important role of monetary policy in the economic growth of Thailand. The key drivers of Thai household consumption in the long run are investment, labor supply, productivity and monetary policy shocks. On average, investment shock appears to be the key driver of the business cycle at all horizons
Communication for Korean Fan Club identity negotiation on social media platform
No full textวิทยานิพนธ์ (ศศ.ม. (นิเทศศาสตร์และนวัตกรรม))--สถาบันบัณฑิตพัฒนบริหารศาสตร์, 2564การวิจัยครั้งนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ โดยใช้วิธีการวิเคราะห์เชิงเนื้อหาและการสัมภาษณ์แบบเจาะลึก โดยเป็นการสัมภาษณ์อย่างไม่เป็นทางการ เพื่อศึกษาการสื่อสารเพื่อต่อรองของกลุ่มแฟนคลับเกาหลีบนพื้นที่สื่อสังคมออนไลน์ ผู้ให้ข้อมูลสำคัญ คือ แฟนคลับลิซ่า BLACKPINK จำนวน 10 คน และเป็นแฟนคลับที่ติดตามลิซ่ามานานกว่า 2 ปี จำนวน 5 คน และเป็นแฟนคลับที่ติดตามลิซ่าน้อยกว่า 2 ปี จำนวน 5 คน โดยคัดเลือกจากสื่อสังคมออนไลน์จํานวนหนึ่งและอีกจํานวนหนึ่งจากการสอบถามไปยังคนรู้จักแนะนำมา เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย คือ ชุดคำถามทั้งหมด 2 ตอน โดยผู้วิจัยจะบันทึกด้วยตนเอง
ผลการศึกษาพบว่า แฟนคลับเกาหลีมี 2 ประเภท คือ ประเภทไม่เปิดเผยตัวตนและเปิดเผยตัวตน โดยแฮชแท็กบนเว็บไซต์ทวิตเตอร์เป็นพื้นที่สะท้อนอัตลักษณ์สำคัญของกลุ่มแฟนคลับเพื่อใช้สื่อสารอัตลักษณ์ภายในกลุ่มและสื่อสารอัตลักษณ์ไปนอกกลุ่ม รวมไปถึงเป็นพื้นที่ที่แฟนคลับใช้ต่อรองบนสื่อสังคมออนไลน์โดยมีบทบาทดังนี้ 1) ต้องมีบทบาทในการส่งเสริม 2) ต้องมีบทบาทในการปกป้อง 3) ต้องมีบทบาทในการเชียร์ทางอ้อม เช่น ซื้อสินค้าหรือตามรอยลิซ่า 4) ต้องแบ่งเวลาให้สมดุล 5) ต้องเคารพสิทธิส่วนบุคคล 6) ต้องรู้สึกไม่สบายใจหากไอดอลถูกต่อว่า โดยแฟนคลับรุ่นเก่าและรุ่นใหม่มีการต่อรองอัตลักษณ์ไม่แตกต่างกันเนื่องจากรู้วิธีรับมือจากแฟนด้อมเดิมมาแล้ว
โดยประเด็นสังคมเป็นประเด็นที่มีการต่อรองและปะทะกันมากที่สุด แต่ยอมรับได้กับประเด็นเศรษฐกิจและประเด็นธุรกิจ แม้โดนคนนอกกล่าวว่าฟุ่มเฟือยแต่แฟนคลับให้เหตุผลว่าเป็นการสนับสนุน ซึ่งแฟนคลับมองว่าคนนอกยังมีอคติต่อตนเองและยังไม่ถูกยอมรับในสังคมใหญ่ จึงทำให้มีการสร้างอัตลักษณ์ใหม่มาทดแทน เช่น การเป็นแฟนคลับได้แต่ต้องไม่เสียการเรียนและหากเป็นวัยทำงานต้องเก่ง ต้องพิสูจน์ตนเอง เพื่อให้ถูกยอมรับในชีวิตจริงและมีศักดิ์บนพื้นที่สื่อสังคมออนไลน์This research aims to study the communication of Korean Fan Club identity negotiation on social media platforms using the qualitative research method. The content analysis and in-depth interview with a total of 10 key informants from Lisa BLACKPINK’s fans were employed to interpret the data while the key informant was divided into two groups: 1) fans who have been following Lisa for over 2 years and 2) fans who have been following Lisa for less than 2 years. The key informants were chosen through the media consisting of social media users and chain-referral sampling with a set of 2 parted questionnaires was used to collect data.
The results showed that there are 2 types of Lisa's fans: 1) An anonymous person and 2) an Anonymized person. The hashtags on the Twitter website play an important role in the fandom's identity to communicate their identity both within their group and outside of their group. Although Lisa BLACKPINK’s fans were using social media to negotiate in six fields: 1) must play a role in promoting 2) must play a role in protecting 3) must have a role in cheering indirectly (4) must allocate their time. 5) must respect individuals' rights and 6) must feel uncomfortable if Lisa gets scolded. The group of establishing and emerging Lisa BLACKPINK’s fans also shares the same identity as outsiders since they have already experienced from their previous fandom.
The study also shows that the social issues are their most negotiated and fought among Lisa BLACKPINK’s fans and outsiders however, Lisa BLACKPINK’s fans can handle the economic and business issues. The fans contradict outsiders despite being blamed for being extravagant spenders by stating that they were a supporter of their beloved artist. Besides, the prejudice from outsiders and society’s disapproval was perceived by the fans. As a result, the fans must replace their new identity with a new one such as being an educated fan or a hardworking person to prove themselves and gain society’s approval and dignity
Development of sustainable consumption and production indicators for industrial sector according to circular economy principles in Thailand
No full textThesis (Ph.D. (Environmental Management))--National Institute of Development Administration, 2021The aim of this research is to (1) investigate sustainable consumption and production indicators for industries as well as examine the difficulties and limitations in using these indicators for the Eco-Factory program under the Federation of Thai Industries; and (2) develop sustainable consumption and production indicators for Thai industries based on the Sustainable Consumption and Production Roadmap 2017-2037 and circular economy principles which are part of Thailand’s long-term strategic plan under the national industrial development goals based on the BCG (Bio-Circular-Green) Economy Model. At present, there appears to be no academic study of the Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP) indicators for sustainable development at the micro level for industry in Thailand. This research focused on stakeholder involvement in developing indicators through surveys, in-depth interview, focus group meeting, seminar and workshop. The study results include a final version of SCP indicators (26 sets of indicators, 60 sub-indicators) consisting of 4 dimensions including environmental, social, economic and good governance dimensions. Recommendations for implementation of indicators are: (1) initiate pilot project to support practical implementation in the industrial sectors based on the industrial types including upstream, midstream, and downstream industries; (2) conduct a periodic review of the indicators, such as every 3 years, by entrepreneurs and other sectors, and there should be standards, evaluation and certification based on the circular economy standard of Thai Industrial Standard Institute (TISI); and (3) support information dissemination and workshops during as part of the first step to promote the readiness of industries interested in the implementation of and support for sustainability reporting resulting from the indicator implementation, as well as create a collaborative network between industries.
Effectiveness of the waterside housing development project
No full textThesis (D.P.A.)--National Institute of Development Administration, 2021This research aimed to 1) study the processing of the Waterside Housing Development Project of Bangkok, Thailand, 2) evaluate the effectiveness of the Project, 3) study the factors affecting the effectiveness of the Project, and 4) propose a model for resolving the encroachment problems of the public areas. The methodology used in this research was mixed methods, and the sampling are 960 participating households and 31 community leaders.
The research found that the project could not entirely solve the canal encroachment problem. Only 42.37% of the target households participated in the project. Most participating households had the stability and right to occupy the land and housing, as well as improve the quality of life in terms of housing quality and environmental management. On the other hand, the housing size of most of the participating households had decreased from the past. Furthermore, the participating communities had no increased income from occupational development because none of the communities had developed an action plan to drive the community’s economy. For the community’s strength, the participating communities had the ability to solve problems by themselves, had confidence in the community’s management, had intimacy and generosity of the people in the community, and preserved the environment of the people in the community. Additionally, the strength of most communities in terms of co-operation in the community’s activities and happy cohabitation were at a moderate to quite high level.
For the factors affecting the effectiveness of the Waterside Housing Deveolpment Project, the research found that leadership skills, sufficient and appropriate resources, and follow-up and evaluation affected improving the quality of life of the participating households in the same direction, which was statistically significant at a level of 0.01. On the other hand, the rapid management of the community and the number of households in the community affected improving the quality of life of the participating households in the opposite direction, which was statistically significant at a level of 0.01 and 0.05, respectively. The factors affecting the community’s strength consisting of leadership skills, participation of the people in the community, rapidity of the management, sufficient and appropriate resources, and follow-up and evaluation were found to be in the same direction, which was statistically significant at a level of 0.01.
The researcher offered the following recommendations for the effectiveness of the project: 1) relevant agencies should expedite visits in the field to create acceptance and clarity about the Project’s implementation, including acceleration of the removal of housing along canal, 2) relevant agencies should pay more attention to the policy, 3) the committee at the policy level should conduct ongoing evaluation to know the progress and problems of the project, including finding solutions, 4) the project should be supported with adequate and appropriate resources, 5) government agencies should raise the skills and leadership of the community leaders, 6) government agencies and community leaders should coordinate together to build understanding among the participants, 7) understanding and acceptance should be generated to cooperate together in solving problems that would be a better solution than strict law enforcement, 8) government agencies should be mentors in providing knowledge and advice to communities, 9) management should consider the balance of the working time, quality of work, and the budget, 10) the Project’s implementation should determine the appropriate number of households for easy management and the actual participation, 11) relevant agencies should pay close attention to the audit and quality control of the accounting of the cooperatives and provide recommendations on the financial status of the cooperatives, and 12) government agencies should regularly monitor and evaluate the project-driven results through the participation processes of the community to provide advice and assisstance.
Moreover, the researcher presented seven main processess in the implementation for solving the encroachment problem of public areas to be effective
A causal relationship between strategic human resource development design and employee performance of state enterprises listed on the stock exchange of Thailand
No full textThesis (D.P.A.)--National Institute of Development Administration, 2021The purpose of this study is to design a structural equation model and to test the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in order to explain the effect of strategic human resource development on the employee performance of state enterprises listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand. Importantly, the review of relevant literature is implemented in order to explore the concept of strategic human resource development (SHRD), aiming at investigating the design of SHRD. It also focuses on exploring the role of job satisfaction and employee commitment as mediators and the role of career development needs as a moderator to adjust the relationship of the designed SHRD and employee performance.
The respondents from the data collection were a total of 337 employees that participated in this study through the implementation of structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS program to explain the performance results of employees. The empirical findings from the qualified sample cases showed that the proposed structural model confirmed the hypothesized construct paths to be consistent with the theoretical model verified by the acceptable criteria for the fit indices. The key findings revealed that job satisfaction and employee commitment fully mediated employee performance. The interaction of career development needs with SHRD design showed a direct effect on employee performance, while its interaction with job satisfaction and commitment showed indirect effects during the second-stage moderation.
When considering the indicators used in the test to support the two contexts of SHRD, the three indicators of the developmental context—individual learning, emotional intelligence development, and strategic capability development—highly supported the SHRD design. In terms of the organizational context for the creation of a healthy environment, this context included top management support, HRD plans and policies, HRD professional roles, supervisor involvement, and evaluation of HRD. Every indicators highly supported the designed SHRD. The results of the empirical test led to the strengthening of the SHRD concept.
The empirical findings from this study provide guidelines for organizational management in terms of the implementation of strategic human resource development mainly in the state enterprises, where implementation should take into account the organizational and developmental contexts. Importantly, this implementation should align with the organization's strategy to support the work efficiency of employees. A critical suggestion from this study points out that investing in the SHRD of the organization, contributing to effective employee performance, should be carried out in parallel with imbuing employees with high job satisfaction and commitment to the organization
The attitudes of people towards the guideline of PM2.5 solving in Bangkok
No full textวิทยานิพนธ์ (วท.ม. (การจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อม))--สถาบันบัณฑิตพัฒนบริหารศาสตร์, 2564งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาทัศนคติของประชาชนที่มีต่อแนวทางการแก้ไขปัญหาฝุ่นละอองขนาดไม่เกิน 2.5 ไมครอน 2) เพื่อศึกษาปัจจัยด้านประชากรศาสตร์ และปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการแก้ไขฝุ่นละอองขนาดไม่เกิน 2.5 ไมครอน และ 3) เสนอแนวทางการส่งเสริม และสนับสนุนต่อการแก้ไขปัญหาฝุ่นละอองขนาดไม่เกิน 2.5 ไมครอน กรุงเทพมหานคร ผู้วิจัยใช้การวิจัยเชิงปริมาณและเชิงคุณภาพ การเก็บข้อมูลแบบสอบถามในพื้นที่กรุงเทพมหานคร จำนวน 10 เขต ซึ่งประชาชนต้องมีอายุตั้งแต่ 18 ปีขึ้นไป สุ่มตัวอย่างแบบโควตา ได้แก่ เขตพญาไท จตุจักร บางซื่อ ราชเทวี ห้วยขวาง บางกะปิ พระโขนง สะพานสูง ลาดกระบัง และหนองจอก จำนวน 400 ตัวอย่าง และสุ่มตัวอย่างประชาชนแต่ละเขตแบบสะดวก การสัมภาษณ์ผู้ให้ข้อมูลหลักจากหน่วยงานภาครัฐและหน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยนำข้อมูลมาวิเคราะห์สถิติเชิงพรรณาและเชิงอนุมาน ได้แก่ ค่าเฉลี่ย ร้อยละ ความถี่ และส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน การทดสอบสอบค่าที การทดสอบค่าเอฟ และค่าสหสัมพันธ์แบบเพียร์สัน ที่ระดับนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ 0.05 จากนั้นนำข้อมูลทั้งเชิงคุณภาพและปริมาณมาวิเคราะห์เนื้อหา (Content Analysis) โดยใช้ SWOT Analysis และ TOWS matrix เพื่อวิเคราะห์จุดแข็ง จุดอ่อน โอกาส และอุปสรรค เพื่อเสนอแนะแนวทางในการส่งเสริมและสนับสนุนทัศนคติของประชาชนที่มีต่อแนวทางการแก้ไขปัญหาฝุ่นละอองขนาดไม่เกิน 2.5 ไมครอน
ผลการศึกษาจากแบบสอบถามพบว่า กลุ่มตัวอย่างมีความรู้ความเข้าใจต่อแนวทางการแก้ไขปัญหา PM2.5 อยู่ในระดับมาก ( X̅ = 0.76) ทัศนคติของประชาชนต่อแนวทางแก้ไขปัญหา PM2.5 อยู่ในช่วงคะแนนระดับมากที่สุด ( X̅ = 4.52) การมีส่วนร่วมประชาชนต่อแนวทางแก้ไขปัญหา PM2.5 อยู่ในระดับมาก ( X̅ = 3.58) และความคิดเห็นของประชาชนต่อผลกระทบในการป้องกัน PM2.5 อยู่ในช่วงคะแนนระดับมาก ( X̅ = 0.84) โดยผลการเปรียบเทียบปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อแนวทางในการแก้ไขปัญหา PM2.5 ชี้ให้เห็นว่า ปัจจัยส่วนบุคคล คือ ระดับการศึกษา และอาชีพ มีผลต่อทัศนคติของประชาชนต่อแนวทางแก้ไขปัญหา PM2.5 ในส่วนผลการทดสอบความสัมพันธ์ทางสถิติ พบว่า ความรู้ความเข้าใจของประชาชน การมีส่วนร่วมของประชาชน และความคิดเห็นของประชาชนมีความสัมพันธ์กับทัศนคติของประชาชน อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.05
ผลการวิเคราะห์จากผู้เชี่ยวชาญ และเอกสารที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยใช้การวิเคราะห์ SWOT Analysis และ TOWS Matrix ผลการวิเคราะห์จุดอ่อนและอุปสรรคจากแผนปฏิบัติการขับเคลื่อนวาระแห่งชาติ “การแก้ไขปัญหามลพิษด้านฝุ่นละออง” ไม่มีหน่วยงานรับผิดชอบหลัก มีหน่วยงานรับผิดชอบสนับสนุนเท่านั้น ไม่มีรายละเอียดหรือขั้นตอนในการปฏิบัติและแผนปฏิบัติการที่ชัดเจน มีข้อจำกัดของโครงสร้างพื้นฐานที่ยังไม่รองรับระบบโครงข่ายการคมนาคมขนส่ง การประชาสัมพันธ์ยังไม่เพียงพอ เนื่องจากปัญหาดังกล่าวจะเกิดขึ้นเฉพาะฤดูกาล ดังนั้นแนวทางในการส่งเสริมและสนับสนุนต่อการแก้ไข PM2.5 ได้แก่ การออกกฏหมายในการตรวจสอบและติดตามฝุ่นละอองขนาดไม่เกิน 2.5 ไมครอน ภายใต้กฎหมายอากาศสะอาด การกำหนดรายละเอียดหรือขั้นตอนในการปฏิบัติและแผนปฏิบัติการให้มีความชัดเจน การสื่อสารประชาสัมพันธ์เชิงรุกกับกลุ่มเป้าหมายในช่วงก่อนวิกฤตฝุ่นละอองขนาดไม่เกิน 2.5 ไมครอน และทําอย่างต่อเนื่องผ่านทางโทรทัศน์ หนังสือพิมพ์ เป็นต้นThis article is aimed 1) to study the attitude of people towards the guideline of PM2.5 solving 2) to study demographic factors and factors affecting towards the guideline of PM2.5 Solving. and 3) to recommend guidelines of PM2.5 solving in Bangkok. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis were used. Questionnaire to ten districts i.e. Phaya Thai, Chatuchak, Bang Sue, Ratchathewi, Huay Kwang, Bang Kapi, Phra Khanong, Saphan Sung, Lat Krabang and Nong Chok districts in Bangkok, totalling of 400 people over 18 years old were collected. They were sampled by using quota sampling and convenient sampling, respectively, The key informants from government agencies and related agencies. The data and information was analyzed by means, percentage, frequency, standard deviation, t-test ,F-test and Pearson correlation at a statistical significance level of 0.05. SWOT Analysis and TOWS matrix were employed to analyze Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threat to recommend the guidelines of PM2.5 solving in Bangkok.
The study indicated that the cognition of people towards the guideline of PM2.5 solving is at high level ( X̅ = 0.76). The public participation towards the guideline of PM2.5 solving is also at high level ( X̅ = 3.58). The public opinions towards effect in prevent of PM2.5 ( X̅ = 0.84) and the attitudes of people towards the guideline of PM2.5 solving are both at very high level ( X̅ = 4.52). Factor affecting the attitude towards the resolving of PM2.5 in terms of the personal factors are education and occupation. Moreover, the statistical correlation test revealed that the cognition of people, the public participation and the public opinions towards the guideline correlated with the attitude of people with statistically significant at 0.05.
Expert analysis results and related documents to using analysis of SWOT and TOWS matrix. The results of the analysis of weaknesses showed that there is no key responsible agencies for driving the Action Plan for National Agenda “Solving the problem of dust pollution” and there are not clear details or procedures and plans of the action. In addition, there are the limitations of the infrastructure that have not yet supported the transport network. Moreover, public relations are not enough as the problems occur mainly in Winter season. Therefore, guidelines for promoting and supporting PM2.5 correction are as follows : The issuance of a law inspection and tracking of PM2.5 under the Clean Air Act. Defining details or procedures and action plans to distinctness. Pro-active public relation with target group in pre-crisis period PM2.5 by using social media e.g. television and newspaper etc
The flow of information through social media : a case study of the people's democratic reform committee (PDRC) movement from 2013-2014
No full textThesis (Ph.D. (Communication Arts and Innovation))--National Institute of Development Administration, 2021This qualitative research aims to study the flow of political information through social media based on the PDRC movement of 2013-14 in the areas of: 1) The flow of information through social media during the movement; 2) Creation of an online public sphere to support the movement; and 3) The roles and reliability of the information flowing through social media.
A content analysis was used to analyze both social-media content and transcriptions from in-depth interviews with communicators of both traditional and new media. Information regarding the PDRC movement from 2013-14 on Facebook was selected based on a purposive sampling method. Samples of information were obtained from the Facebook accounts of 1) “Suthep Thaugsuban” and 2) “Top Secret”, an individual using the alias of Seh Namngoen. Six individuals who worked as communicators in both old and new media were purposively selected to include mass- and social-media communicators and academics.
Results: 1) Based on the flow of political information on mass media and social media while PDRC was mobilizing people for the six major rallies, and the general election on February 2, 2014, it was found that both local and foreign mass media reported a variety of information related to political groups as mediators. The two Facebook Fanpages, which presented the information as stakeholders, performed different duties. “Suthep Thaugsuban” Facebook page, as the movement leader, focused on providing information and mobilizing people. “Top Secret” Facebook page mainly provided information and background analyses of the violent situation. 2) Individuals used social media to create an online public sphere to support the PDRC movement by using their real name and using an alias. Political information on social media that distributed to public played a major role in supporting the rallies and fostering political movement. 3) Key informants had two different opinions on agenda-setting role of social media. Some agreed that social media had the agenda-setting role because the number of likes and shares received of each post and the trend that professional media took issues from social media to communicate to public. Those who disagreed said there were too many media and issues to set any agendas, and only professional journalists can present some issues. Moreover, social media supported the diversity of perspectives in democratic regime, but the filtering system might result in a creation of echo chamber. 4) There is no question about reliability of “Suthep Thaugsuban” Facebook page, which used his real name. While “Top Secret” Facebook page was believed to provide accurate information at a certain level. If it does not provide any reliable information, there will be no popularity and followers.
Findings of this study conformed to the concept of soft technological determinism; there were other factors that might take part in promoting the roles of communication technology. These included individual’s fame on social media and the content’s informational appeal.
To maintain online social media as a quality public sphere, findings indicated the importance of platforms offered by related government agencies to verify whether news is fake or true. Social media technology and mass media in Thailand should also be supported and developed by the government. Mass media should be careful with their choices, ether to present or ignore facts, as well as should operate under their media ethics in order to maintain their reliability.
Educational institution should promote media literacy and ethics in their curriculum. Future research could be implemented in many topics related to online social media including users’ behavior, cultural and social dimensions, roles and functions, recent development of features such as live and filtering system, other platforms such as YouTube and Twitter.
Communication strategies and factors affecting the decision of post-graduate students' about choosing an open university in the digital era
No full textวิทยานิพนธ์ (ศศ.ม. (นิเทศศาสตร์และนวัตกรรม))--สถาบันบัณฑิตพัฒนบริหารศาสตร์, 2564วิทยานิพนธ์เรื่องกลยุทธ์การสื่อสารและปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการตัดสินใจศึกษาต่อระดับบัณฑิต ศึกษาในมหาวิทยาลัยเปิดยุคดิจิทัล มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษา 1) กลยุทธ์การสื่อสารที่ส่งผลต่อการตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาต่อระดับบัณฑิตศึกษาในมหาวิทยาลัยเปิดยุคดิจิทัล 2) ความแตกต่างของปัจจัยส่วนบุคคลกับการตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาต่อระดับบัณฑิตศึกษาในมหาวิทยาลัยเปิดยุคดิจิทัล 3) ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการรับรู้คุณค่าตราสินค้ากับการตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาต่อระดับบัณฑิตศึกษาในมหาวิทยาลัยเปิดยุคดิจิทัล 4) ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการรับรู้การสื่อสารการตลาดแบบบูรณาการกับการตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาต่อระดับบัณฑิตศึกษาในมหาวิทยาลัยเปิดยุคดิจิทัล และ 5) ปัจจัยพยากรณ์การตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาต่อระดับบัณฑิตศึกษาในมหาวิทยาลัยเปิดยุคดิจิทัล
วิทยานิพนธ์เรื่องนี้ใช้ระเบียบวิธีวิจัยแบบผสานวิธี โดยการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ ด้วยวิธีการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกจากผู้ให้ข้อมูลหลัก ได้แก่ ผู้บริหารฝ่ายสื่อสารองค์กร 1 คน และประธานกรรมการประจำสาขาวิชา (คณบดี) 7 คน รวมทั้งสิ้น 8 คน วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยการสร้างข้อสรุป และการวิจัยเชิงปริมาณ ด้วยวิธีวิจัยเชิงสำรวจ โดยใช้แบบสอบถามเป็นเครื่องมือวิจัย สุ่มกลุ่มตัวอย่างแบบหลายขั้นตอนจากกลุ่มตัวอย่างที่เป็นนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาโทและเอกที่เข้าศึกษาต่อมหาวิทยาลัยสุโขทัยธรรมาธิราช ในปีการศึกษา 2562 และ 2563 จำนวน 400 คน และวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติ ได้แก่ ค่าความถี่ ค่าร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน การทดสอบค่าที การวิเคราะห์ความแปรปรวนทางเดียว ค่าสหสัมพันธ์แบบเพียร์สัน และการวิเคราะห์ถดถอยพหุคูณ โดยวิธี Stepwise
ผลการวิจัย พบว่า 1) กลยุทธ์การสื่อสาร ประกอบด้วย (1) ด้านสาร มีการเผยแพร่ข้อมูลข่าวสารเกี่ยวกับผลงานและความเชี่ยวชาญของคณาจารย์ การจัดกิจกรรมบริการวิชาการแก่สังคม และการจัดอบรมให้ความรู้ด้านต่าง ๆ รวมทั้งข้อมูลการรับสมัครนักศึกษาของสาขาวิชาต่าง ๆ (2) ด้านสื่อ มีการใช้กลยุทธ์สื่อแบบผสมผสานระหว่างสื่อออฟไลน์ และสื่อออนไลน์ ได้แก่ ทางข้อความ ภาพ เสียง วิดีโอต่าง ๆ และผ่านช่องทาง Social Media ได้แก่ เฟซบุ๊ก ไลน์ อีเมล และเว็บไซต์ 2) ความแตกต่างของปัจจัยส่วนบุคคลกับการตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาต่อ ได้แก่ อาชีพที่แตกต่างกัน มีการตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาต่อระดับบัณฑิตศึกษาในมหาวิทยาลัยเปิดยุคดิจิทัลแตกต่างกัน อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.05 3) การรับรู้คุณค่าตราสินค้า มีความสัมพันธ์กับการตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาต่อระดับบัณฑิตศึกษาในมหาวิทยาลัยเปิดยุคดิจิทัล อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.01 โดยมีความสัมพันธ์เชิงบวก และมีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์สหสัมพันธ์โดยรวมในระดับปานกลาง 4) การรับรู้การสื่อสารการตลาดแบบบูรณาการ มีความสัมพันธ์กับการตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาต่อระดับบัณฑิตศึกษาในมหาวิทยาลัยเปิดยุคดิจิทัลอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.01 โดยมีความสัมพันธ์เชิงบวก และมีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์สหสัมพันธ์โดยรวมในระดับปานกลาง และ 5) การรับรู้การสื่อสารการตลาดแบบบูรณาการในด้านการโฆษณา การรับรู้คุณค่าตราสินค้าในด้านการเชื่อมโยงตราสินค้า การรับรู้การสื่อสารการตลาดแบบบูรณาการในด้านการสื่อสารแบบปากต่อปาก การรับรู้คุณค่าตราสินค้าในด้านการรับรู้คุณภาพ และด้านการตระหนักรู้ในตราสินค้า สามารถพยากรณ์การตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาต่อระดับบัณฑิตศึกษาได้ ร้อยละ 43.90The objectives of this research were to study: 1) communication strategies that affected people’s decisions to enter post-graduate study programs at open universities in the digital era; 2) the effect of personal factors on people’s decisions to enter post-graduate study programs at open universities in the digital era; 3) the relationship between brand value awareness and people’s choices of post-graduate programs at open universities; 4) the relationship between awareness of integrated marketing communication and people’s choices of post-graduate programs at open universities; and 5) factors that can predict people’s decisions to choose a post-graduate study program at an open university in the digital era.
This research used both qualitative and quantitative research methods. For the qualitative portion, in-depth interviews were held with 8 key informants, consisting of 1 executive of an organizational communications division and 7 chairmen (deans) of 7 academic schools at an open university. Data were analyzed by drawing conclusions. For the quantitative portion, a survey was done with a questionnaire as the data collection tool. The sample population, chosen by multi-stage sampling, was 400 master’s degree and PhD students who studied at Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University in the 2019 and 2020 academic years. Data were statistically analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t test, ANOVA, Pearson’s coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
The results showed that 1) communication strategies consisted of (1) for messages, the university communicated news about the work results and expertise of the teaching staff, activities and academic services to society, various training sessions and information about admissions procedures for the different programs. (2) for media, the university used a mixed media strategy taking advantage of both online and offline media including different forms of text, photographs, audio, and video and social media channels including Facebook, LINE, email and the website. 2) As for the effect of personal factors on people’s decisions, people with different occupations made different decisions to enter post-graduate study programs at open universities in the digital era to a statistically significant degree (p< 0.05); 3) Brand value awareness affected people’s choices of post-graduate programs at open universities in the digital era to a statistically significant degree (p< 0.01). It had a positive effect and a medium coefficient of correlation. 4) Integrated marketing communication awareness affected people’s choices of post-graduate programs at open universities in the digital era to a statistically significant degree (p< 0.01). It had a positive effect and a medium coefficient of correlation. 5) Awareness of integrated marketing communication in the form of advertising, brand value awareness in the form of association, awareness of integrated marketing communication in the form of word of mouth, brand value awareness in the form of quality recognition and brand value awareness in the form of brand cognizance were the factors that could predict people’s decisions to choose a post-graduate study program at an open university in the digital era to 43.90%
In the race for sustainability and financial excellence: advancing firms' investment in knowledge assets and innovations
No full textThesis (Ph.D. (Business Administration))--National Institute of Development Administration, 2021This dissertation focuses on the firms’ investment management decisions regarding knowledge assets (intangible assets), innovation, sustainable investments, and other knowledge management practices through which firms generate both financial benefits and improved environmental outcomes. The previous title of this dissertation was ‘In the race for excellence: the role of knowledge assets and innovation’ (as appeared in the IRB document). The overall agenda is classified and decomposed into three major interrelated sections in an attempt to achieve the goals of this research. The main objective of the first study presented in Chapter 2 is the development and implementation of empirical models to examine the nonlinear impact of the key intangible assets and innovation formation through R&D on the firms’ financial performance of Asian countries. The difference between intangibles (knowledge-assets) and innovation and their combined impact on firm performance remains a puzzle since all types of knowledge assets are not of equal importance. Also, firms with higher spending on innovation can perform well. Integrating these two literature approaches, this study investigates how knowledge-assets and innovation impact firm performance by analyzing the sample of 2958 listed companies of Asian countries during 2015 – 2019. Using time fixed-effects panel regression with industry and country dummies, we observe that different sectors exhibit a strong heterogeneity in their investment level in knowledge assets and innovation. The study finds that more knowledge-assets negatively impact firm performance, but up to a point. The U-shaped relationship found suggests that learning and accumulating capabilities to exploit knowledge assets potential is essential to achieve higher firm value. We also find that firms' more spending on innovation positively impacts firm performance, but only up to a certain level. An inverted U-shaped relationship found suggests a balanced investment in innovation activities to attain improved firm performance. The main contribution of this study lies in identifying novel implications of these considerations, and offer novel evidence of their empirical relevance in four ways: (i) Difference between measures of internally generated and externally acquired knowledge-assets and measures of innovation; (ii) Theoretical and empirical justifications of U-shaped relationship between knowledge-intensity and firm performance; (iii) Support Schumpeterian theory of creative destruction by innovation; (iv) Theoretical and empirical explanations of inverted U-shaped relationship between innovation-intensity and firm performance.
Next, we have extended this model in our second study to capture the environmental impacts of the investments in innovation by employing a set of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) indicators presented in Chapter 3. Recently, the level of climate change has substantially been rising; relatively not much is known on ‘how’ companies alter the association between their environmental performance and financial performance within the context of specific elements of innovation: conventional innovation and green innovation. Drawing upon the stakeholder theory and the natural resource-based view of the firm, this research uses firm-level Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) data of 462 companies across 7 Asian countries for the period 2015 – 2019, and employs time fixed-effects panel regression with country and industry dummies. We find that measures of innovation (i.e., conventional innovation and green innovation) are beneficial to the firm value. However, the positive effect of conventional innovation on the firm valuation builds at the expense of the environment since it poses a significant threat to environmental quality by positively contributing to carbon emissions. Whilst firms’ investments in green innovation are advantageous to either type of firm performance. Further analysis shows that firms that focus on environmental practices generate significant outcomes, e.g., improved financial performance, suggesting that firms should prioritize their green investments to enhance the innovation outcomes so as to achieve superior financial value and to attract potential environmentally proactive stakeholders. The contributions of this study to the stream of sustainable finance, innovation, and environmental management literature are fourfold. First, firm-level studies on environmental performance have been scant, mainly due to the unavailability of the data. Those who studied this phenomenon primarily relied upon the data collected through survey questionnaires on a specific group of firms within a particular sector and country. Since the growing Asian economies are being successful when evaluated basis on their swift growth, however less effective in preservation of environmental damage compared to other regions. Thus, we conduct this study in the Asian region by using firm-level ESG performance data, which allows us to uncover this existing challenge in cross-sectoral across different countries. Second, previous studies solely emphasize the broader aspects of R&D-augmented innovation and its outcomes on a specific performance measure, instead; in this study, we filled this gap by decomposing innovation into two types in which firms invest simultaneously and investigate their joint impact on various performance measures – financial and environmental. Third, our findings offer insights on the importance of complying with the environmental policies by investing in green innovation with an awareness that bringing an essential change in redesigning products for environmental sustainability via employing non-toxic materials in the production processes, using eco-packaging, eco-friendly labeling, lower energy consumption, and improved recycling and decomposition designs would enable firms to achieve productivity. Productivity improvement in the resources would allow these firms to obtain higher financial and environmental performance. The findings also contribute to the sustainable investment literature by signifying the investments in green innovation, since green innovation serves as the vital component through which firms could obtain market related benefits from their environmental investments, introducing systematically the steady chains of sustainable products and services with improved functionality and layout i.e., better recycling design, reduced energy consumption level, lowered exploitation of natural resources and materials, and improved product/service’s functionality with the better lifecycle. These eco-friendly products/services are shown to be advantageous to the companies in terms of gaining green products’ market share, formation of green branding, and the likelihood of setting premium prices. These benefits are specifically crucial to those firms who longing to be competitive in the green industry and to enhance their revenues and returns on investment.
Lastly, one of the limitations of the first study reported in Chapter 2 is that our investigation was limited to the analysis of knowledge assets which, though on a positive note, has been identified and codified in company statements – the objective data were accessible from public domains. However, we did not include intangible knowledge of certain other forms, such as managerial talent, practices, and tacit and explicit knowledge owned by employees which may meaningfully contribute to the firms’ entrepreneurial and innovation process. Against this backdrop, therefore, moving beyond the question of how innovation affects firms’ financial and environmental outcomes, to build theoretical insights and develop an approach that encourages us to estimate a firm-level model to quantify how firms’ innovative capabilities contribute to organizational learning (knowledge sharing) and corporate entrepreneurship. In particular, this study presented in Chapter 4 examines the role of organizational innovative capabilities on the relationship between knowledge sharing, corporate entrepreneurship, and firm performance. Specifically, this study uses the knowledge-based view (KBV) to develop a model that examines the mentioned relationship. Using survey data from 520 participants across 75 service sector companies in Thailand, measurement and structure models are tested through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to quantify the impact between constructs. The findings of this study show that knowledge sharing and corporate entrepreneurship positively affect organizational innovative capabilities and firm performance. A positive relationship is also found between knowledge sharing and corporate entrepreneurship. The mediating impact of organizational innovative capabilities strengthens the relationship between knowledge sharing and corporate entrepreneurship on firm performance. These findings contribute to the knowledge-based view, innovation management, and entrepreneurship literature by suggesting that to improve organizational learning and knowledge-based performance, commitment, and understanding of the employees in the entire organization is crucial. Knowledge sharing significantly contributes to developing innovative abilities because of its characteristics of providing firm-specific and socially complex advantages. The way a firm transforms and exploits its knowledge may ascertain its level of innovativeness, such as coming up with certain problem-solving procedures and new product development according to the rapid change in the market demand.
We believe that the findings of this research are instrumental to management, practitioners, academics, and policymakers in offering key insights on optimal investment strategies concerning knowledge assets and innovation. This research offers ways to advance innovation such that to achieve higher firm value and better environmental prospects. Finally, this research instigates the tools to effectively organize knowledge as knowledge sharing boosts entrepreneurial practices and contributes towards innovativeness across individuals, groups, units, or the entire organization
Financial literacy, asymmetric information and credit accessibility: case study of Lao's small and medium enterprise
No full textThesis (M.Econ. (Financeial Economics))--National Institute of Development Administration, 2021Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs) is a fundamental part of economic growth worldwide, ensuring sustainable growth, job creation, reducing income inequality, poverty reduction and highly conductive to economic growth in the Lao PDR. However, consistently with other SMEs worldwide, SMEs in Laos are also confronting with many obstacles especially financial access. So, this study aims to investigate the impact of financial literacy, reduction in asymmetric information and credit access for SMEs in Lao PDR. The questionnaire used to survey the financial literacy is the combination of financial knowledge, financial behavior, financial attitude, and some advanced financial concepts. Besides that, to assess the level of asymmetric information, this study uses the satisfaction of both lender and borrower about the information that provided and received from both parties. The methodology used in this study is binary logistic regression and the SMEs owners who running their business in Vientiane were used as samples. The results reveal positive and significant relationship between financial literary, reduction in asymmetric information and credit access for SMEs. Furthermore, we found that education level is positive and significantly related to financial literacy. Higher financial literacy then lowers the level of asymmetric information which in turn affects the credit access of SMEs