National Institute of Development Administration
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A legal issue of electronic bills of exchange
No full textAlthough China's higher education has achieved tremendous development, the quality of employment for college graduates is a key factor determining a country's level of economic development and prosperity. The quality of employment, as the main content and higher requirement of employment, is an important indicator reflecting a country's comprehensive development level and economic prosperity. Universities are the engine of society, and their connection with the real society is becoming increasingly close. Their contribution to local economy and society is also increasing. Graduates of local private undergraduate universities have become the main force serving local economic and social development. The key points of the 2018 work of the Chinese Ministry of Education are to promote more comprehensive and high-quality employment for college graduates. How to accurately improve the employment quality of graduates from private universities can help expand the theoretical dialogue on employment among Chinese college students. The purpose of this survey is to conduct exploratory factor analysis on the satisfaction model of employers established for graduates of private universities. The target of this survey is employers who hire private university students, and the number of students enrolled in these private universities exceeds 20000. A total of 500 questionnaires were sent out during the survey, 462 were retrieved, and 451 unqualified samples were deleted. The effective sampling rate was 90.2%.
This study used SPSS to empirically demonstrate an employer satisfaction model based on expectation confirmation and employability. The study showed that the quality of universities, employer expectation confirmation, employer perceived quality, and perceived value are the main factors affecting employer satisfaction; The confirmation of employer expectations has a negative impact on employer perceived value and employer satisfaction; There is a mediating effect between employer expectation confirmation, employer perceived quality and perceived value, and employer satisfaction; The confirmation of employer expectations, perceived quality, and perceived value have a chain mediating effect between university quality and employer satisfaction; The employability of private university graduates has a moderating effect on the quality of universities and the impact of employers on the perceived value of private university graduates. The employability of private university graduates has a significant moderating effect on the impact of employers on the perceived quality and perceived value of private university undergraduate graduates; The confirmation of employer expectations has no significant negative impact on perceived quality.
Research suggests that improving the employability of graduates from private universities is one of the most successful strategies for improving employer satisfaction. This study will enhance employer satisfaction from the perspectives of government, schools, and students. The sample size selected for this study is not sufficient, and the rationality of the structure is relatively weak. Further thinking is needed on how to combine research on employer satisfaction, higher education quality, and graduate career development
A study on the development of community public cultural services: quality, motivation, trust and civic engagement
No full textThe purposes of this study were 1) study the key factors that constitute work passion for physicians 2) study the key factors leading to work passion for physicians and 3) develop a measurement tool for assessing the work passion of physicians and its antecedents. The Physician's Work Passion Inventory (PWPI) was developed in line with DeVellis's (2016) guidelines for scale development: 1) defining work passion components through qualitative interviews with 30 physicians employed at a public hospital in Thailand, 2) generating items based on themes from the qualitative study, 3) choosing the format, 4) expert review, 5) inclusion of validation items, 6) administering the inventory to physicians in Thailand, 7) analyzing items with exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and 8) validating and optimizing the scale with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
The analysis yielded ten sub-themes representing three dimensions of physicians' work passion, namely cognitive (can-do attitude, learning and developing knowledge), affective (enthusiasm, happiness and joy, pride, and fulfilment), and behavioral (striving above and beyond, altruism, continuous growth, and intent to remain in the organization and medical profession). Furthermore, twelve factors influencing physicians' work passion were categorized into four dimensions, including job factors (meaningful work, challenging tasks, task accomplishment, autonomy, and work-life balance), organizational factors (fairness and positive environment), relationship factors (role models, psychological support, collaboration, and recognition and respect), and individual factors (spiritual drive).
PWPI was developed based on the themes identified in the qualitative study. The inventory consists of the Physician's Work Passion Scale and Factors Leading to Work Passion Scale. Then the researcher conducted EFA with 626 Thai physicians, followed by CFA with 372 physicians working in various hospitals across Thailand. Results of both EFA and CFA supported the structure of the three factors in physician work passion: willingness to volunteer, continuous growth, and intent to remain in the organization and medical profession; and ten factors leading to work passion: valuable work, collaborative environment, task accomplishment, autonomy, work-life balance, fairness, role models, psychological support, recognition and respect, and spiritual drive.
The development of PWPI introduces a unique tool to assess work passion specifically tailored to physicians. The scale's reliability and validity were established through EFA and CFA to effectively measure work passion among Thai physicians. The inventory's strengths lie in its contextual relevance to physicians targeting distinctive circumstances. Moreover, the PWPI evaluates passion antecedents and outcomes, providing a more holistic perspective on work passion among physicians. PWPI can potentially inform interventions to enhance physician work passion, contributing to improved management practices in healthcare institutions. However, the scale's length may impact response rates, and this aspect should be considered when using the inventory in future studies.
The current research significantly contributes to the literature by offering a reliable and valid Physician Work Passion Inventory. This valuable tool can aid scholars and practitioners in future studies and cultivate work passion among physicians. The study's primary discoveries revolve around four new factors constituting physicians' passion: fulfilment, can-do attitude, continuous growth, and altruism, and three novel factors leading to the work passion of physicians: spiritual drive, role models, and task accomplishment. The Thai medical context often strongly emphasizes spiritual values. Role models may hold greater significance in inspiring physicians. Task accomplishment aligns with Eastern values of duty and dedication. In contrast, Western contexts may prioritize other factors, reflecting cultural values and societal norms variations
Guidelines of kids radio station development in media convergence
No full textThe high demand for consulting services has made this business sector grow significantly. Although the value of consulting services has been increasing, people working in this career frequently face tremendous challenges. Generally, members in a consulting team are responsible for helping business clients solve complex and novel issues on a regular basis. This stressful nature of work can potentially affect well-being and performance of members in a consulting team. Considering this problem, this research investigated the roles of spiritual leadership of team leaders on psychological safety climate, and its subsequent impacts on perceived group inclusion, occupational self-efficacy, innovative work behaviour, and emotional exhaustion of team members, as well as the effects on team innovation and team performance. From the perspective of the institutional theory of leadership, this research proposed that the effects of spiritual leadership on the outcome variables mentioned earlier should be transmitted through the mediating role of psychological safety climate.
The data were collected from 52 consulting teams located in Bangkok, including 52 team leaders and 229 team members. Data analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that respondents who worked for the team leader who exhibited high level of spiritual leadership tended to report that their team had high level of psychological safety climate. Furthermore, respondents who worked in the team that exhibited psychological safety climate tended to report that they had high level of perceive increased group inclusion and occupational self-efficacy. The results also revealed that respondents who had the sense of group inclusion tended to report that they experienced less emotional exhaustion and had high level of innovative work behavior, team innovation, and team performance. Moreover, respondents who had high occupational self-efficacy tended to report that they experienced less emotional exhaustion and had high level of innovative work behavior. However, the research did not provide sufficient evidence to support the role of occupational self-efficacy on team innovation and team performance. In addition, the results revealed that psychological safety climate partially mediated the positive linkages between spiritual leadership and perceived group inclusion and occupational self-efficacy. Moreover, the results also found that psychological safety climate, perceived group inclusion, and occupational self-efficacy partially mediated the linkages between spiritual leadership and the outcome variables, which included emotional exhaustion, innovative work behavior, team innovation, and team performance.
The results from this study provide recommendations for the management of consulting firms regarding the leadership practices that can improve members’ well-being, innovative performance, and team outcomes. In particular, this research suggests that firms should consider recruiting team leaders who demonstrate spiritual leadership value and should provide the training program focusing on spiritual leadership development. The results of this study also align with the Sustainable Development Goal number 8 (SDG 8), which aims to promote sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth. In particular, the research findings align with the principle of decent work outlined in SDG 8.3 and safe and secure working environment outlined in SDG 8.8
สติของผู้ประกอบการมีผลต่อผลประกอบการบริษัทอย่างไร? อธิบายจากบทบาทของความสามารถในการจัดการสถานการณ์เฉพาะหน้า การกำหนดเป้าหมาย และสมรรถนะขององค์กร
No full textNowadays, firms have to face more difficult challenges because the business environment is quickly changing. In unpredictable and uncertain business environments, firms can no longer rely on the traditional knowledge and competence they had in the past to gain competitive performance. Apart from the effect of environmental uncertainty, firms also face more intense competition in the market, which inevitably forces them to develop some key competencies that enable them to outperform other competitors. In particular, business entrepreneurs or top executives are the key people who can determine the ability of firms to develop key competencies for their business. Therefore, it is important for research to identify the key characteristics of entrepreneurs which might enable firms to perform successfully in the current business environment. The main objective of this research is to study the benefits of entrepreneurs’ characteristics in terms of mindfulness and to examine the mechanism by which it can promote firm performance. Firstly, this research investigated whether mindfulness can enhance the ability and mindset of entrepreneurs in the areas of (a) improvisational behavior and (b) goal orientation. Secondly, the research investigated whether improvisational behavior and goal orientation associated with mindfulness enhance the competencies of firms in the areas of (a) business risk-taking, (b) business innovation, and (c) business opportunity recognition. Lastly, the research examined the subsequent effect of mindfulness on (a) business risk-taking, (b) business innovation and (c) business opportunity recognition, and (d) firm performance. Survey data of this study were collected from 304 firms in Thailand. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data. The result showed that entrepreneurs with a high level of mindfulness tend to have a higher level of improvisational behavior and goal orientation. Moreover, entrepreneurs who possess a higher level of improvisational behavior and goal orientation tend to engage more in business risk-taking, business innovation, and business opportunity recognition. Furthermore, the finding indicated that firms which are highly involved with business innovation tend to have higher firm performance. The findings from this research have provided the evidence to prove that mindfulness of entrepreneurs could indirectly affect firm performance by promoting improvisational behavior and goal orientation, which are the characteristics that enable entrepreneurs to be effective in business innovation. In particular, the chain mediating effect of improvisational behavior and goal orientation on business innovation and its subsequent impact on firm performance serves as the new evidence which clarifies how entrepreneurs possessing mindfulness are able to obtain better firm performance. Additionally, this study also contributes to the sustainable development goal number 8 (SDG8) of the United Nations that aims to promote decent work and economic growth. Specifically, the results directly link to the objectives of SDG8 in the area of economic development, which emphasize the key role of entrepreneurship in driving economic growth and development of the nation
Guidelines for development of an abandoned area beneath an express way: a case study of lan kila phat 2
No full textThe study aimed to propose a theoretical conceptual model that examining the causal effects of the intention of European tourists to visit Phuket, Thailand as Holistic wellness destination by applying the decomposed theory of planned behavior (DTPB). The study investigated the additional variables: health consciousness, spiritual consciousness, eWOM, peer influences, affordability and available resources in this model whereby it is predicted to be predictor of the DTPB and also examined mediator effect of life quality & well-being towards behavior intention.
This study used a quantitative research strategy and employed a survey questionnaire as a research instrument to attain its aims. A total of 600 European respondents were analyzed via a series of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to test hypothesized model. The SEM analysis reveals that the hypothesized model yielded a good fit to the data with x2/df=1.547, CFI= 0.956, RMSEA=0.030, RMR= 0.038 and TLI = 0.951). The results show that Health consciousness and spiritual consciousness are significantly related to attitude; Peer influences is significantly related to subjective norms but eWOM is found to be insignificant to subjective norms. Affordability is significantly related to perceived behavioral control while resources availability is found to be insignificantly related to perceived behavioral control. In addition, Attitude, Subjective norms, and Perceived behavioral control are significantly related to behavioral intention for holistic wellness tourism. Moreover, life quality & well-being was also found to serve as mediator effect towards behavior intention. The results of this study can theoretically be used as a framework for future research aimed at enhancing and refining the theoretical expansion of the decomposed theory of planned behavior, life quality & well-being towards behavior intention for holistic wellness tourism
การสื่อสารและต่อรองอำนาจในการขับเคลื่อนประเด็นสิทธิพลเมืองของกลุ่มชาติพันธุ์มานิในประเทศไทย
No full textEven though quantifying the impacts of COVID-19 on jobs and employment has been studied in recent literature worldwide, not much research has attempted to investigate the impacts in terms of employment adjustment, especially during the initial outbreak of the pandemic. Using secondary survey data of 1,320 employees working in the tourism sector in Bhutan as a case study, our multinomial logit model estimations show that female workers were among the most vulnerable group to be asked to reduce some benefits from work, to receive only a partial salary, or to leave without pay during the initial outbreak. However, when the situation became more severe (resulting in the laying off of employees), the tourism sector in Bhutan laid off male workers also. Negative impacts on their employment were likely to be found among those workers with higher education, the relatively young, and married workers. In addition, employment adjustments were also found to vary by tourism sub-sector during the initial outbreaks. Workers in the entertainment sector seemed to experience the smallest hit from the initial outbreak since they still received some partial payments or were only asked to temporarily leave their jobs without receiving payment. Some sectors, especially tour guides, tour operations, river rafting, and land transport, however, had to lay off their workers during the initial outbreak as those businesses rely mostly on international tourists. This study also discusses the policy recommendations to ensure employment stability during such a crisis in the future.
การประกอบสร้างความหมายของความรักในเพลงไทยสากล
No full textThis study aims to analyze how Accounting Information Systems (AIS) impact the innovation performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Our research specifically focuses on three independent variables within AIS: AIS-Human Capital, AIS-Process Skills, and AIS-System Capability. Additionally, we examine Resource Integration Capability and Scarcity of Resource as mediating variables. To comprehensively investigate these relationships, we introduce Adaptability Capability as a moderating variable.
For this study, it has been conducted research in five key regions of Chinese SME activity—Shenzhen, Shanghai, Nanjing, Guangzhou, and Beijing. Employing a snowball sampling method, which was distributed 550 questionnaires and received 487 responses. Using SmartPLS for questionnaire analysis, the findings highlight the significant mediating roles of Resource Integration Capability and Scarcity Of Resource between AIS and innovation performance in SMEs. Essentially, effective AIS can integrate accounting information, offer crucial decision support, and enhance innovation performance by providing valuable yet scarce resources compared to other enterprises. Furthermore, Adaptability Capability acts as a positive moderating factor. The more adaptable the AIS is to changing environments, the more positively it influences innovation performance in enterprises
Development of thailand’s eco-industrial town: case study of eco-industrial town area in rayong province
No full textThe development of eco-cities in different areas of the world has different directions depending on the socio-economic context. Thailand has chosen an approach to eco-industrial town (EIT) development, starting with the improvement of the operation of factories or industrial parks in accordance with the eco-industrial guidelines. After that, develop operations to step up the level of EIT. The ministry of industry, as the main responsible agency, has prepared a master plan, indicators, and continuously evaluated the performance of EIT to enable the industrial sector and communities to coexist sustainably. In addition, the EIT action plan (2023–2027) sets development strategy in line with international aspects, including the SDGs, green economy, and related aspects. The term green economy for Thailand has been transformed into BCG economy, which comprises bioeconomy, circular economy, and green economy, to enhance the prominence of Thailand's integrated economy. As a consequence, this research is interested in how EIT development in Rayong province should be developed in accordance with the aims of sustainable development. Furthermore, EIT development in accordance with the geographical context of the area should coincide with the BCG economy, hence increasing sustainable development.
This research is therefore interested in studying the problems, obstacles, and development drivers for the EIT development area in Rayong province, which is a nationally successful EIT area. As well as case studies for projects and activities that encourage the development of exceptional and successful EIT areas in order to synthesize pragmatic approaches to EIT development in order to fulfill the objective of becoming "livable cities coupled with industrial partners" suitably. The CIPP-I model tool has also been used to segment questions by issue through individual interviews. The information that was gathered was assessed for success factors and recommendations for the development of EIT and presented in focus group sessions at the Ban Phai Community Waste Management Learning Center in Rayong Province to solicit ideas and suggestions from the sample villages. To increase the integrity of the EIT development strategy and take into account the process of local community engagement, the findings were analyzed using a triangulation method.
The research found that the role and responsibilities of EIT were lacking on the part of local representatives, local eco-industrial steering committees, administrators, and consultants who were involved in the implementation. In addition to development in accordance with economic, social, and environmental concerns, EIT development should have three components: 1) the potential and vision of all concerned parties' leaders; 2) industrial environmental and social management; and 3) professionals who can bring about tangible action. Furthermore, via participatory procedures, the need for connecting links and spreading benefits between industry and communities should be highlighted. EIT development may be made more sustainable by enabling businesses and communities to form strong networks and improve people's quality of life via innovation and technology. Simultaneously, the government must set clear regulations and development directions, as well as incentivize the industrial sector to play a significant part in the development of EIT in the region through the use of the circular economy to balance the industrial and community economies.
Improve barrier legislation and provide subsidies to allow businesses and communities to contribute to the development of a green economy in the region. Local government agencies should have defined development policies and procedures. Local government agencies should have clear policies and guidelines for development. EIT for the good quality of life for the people in the area by taking into account four basic characteristics: ecological integrity, economic stability, quality of life, and empowerment with responsibility in order to become an EIT in the form of sustainable "livable cities coupled with industries". Finally, the researcher proposed that the guidelines for establishing EIT in Rayong province should improve and elevate the specific economic context in order to establish mutual benefits and urbanize the area, encourage local development in order to increase their value, productivity, and capability, provide incentives to encourage eco-friendly behavior, and improve the EIT management structure. For the next study, the researcher proposed investigating environmental and social concerns in the area in order to develop an appropriate management tool based on the four main elements: ecological integrity, economic stability, quality of Life, and empowerment for EIT development in accordance with the spatial context
The impact of r&d investment, knowledge searchand institutional pressure on innovationperformance of high-tech enterprisesin guang xi province
No full textThe enhancement of corporate innovation performance is of paramount importance for sustainable development of businesses, as only by continuously improving innovation performance can companies maintain competitiveness in the market. The essence of innovation in the high-tech industry lies in the ongoing process of high-tech enterprises enhancing their innovation performance. Therefore, researching the innovation processes, models, and influencing factors of high-tech enterprises is a prerequisite for achieving innovation-driven development.
Guangxi's high-tech enterprises face challenges related to their innovation capacity and the need to improve innovation quality. In comparison to the more developed central and eastern regions, western China is still in the phase of increasing the efficiency of innovation. Thus, researching how to enhance the innovation performance of enterprises in regions like Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guizhou holds practical significance.
This study is based on the theories of innovation performance, knowledge management, and social capital. It constructs a theoretical model to examine the relationships between innovation performance, R&D investment, knowledge search, and institutional pressure. Relevant variables were measured, and a survey questionnaire was designed. Survey responses were collected from 448 senior management personnel in high-tech enterprises in Guangxi. Data analysis was carried out using structural equation modeling and data processing tools like SPSS and SMART-PLS. The research results reveal that certain direct factors were found to be significant. For instance, R&D investment has a positive impact on innovation performance and also on network construction and management capabilities. Both deep and broad knowledge searches positively influence these network capabilities. Additionally, network construction and management capabilities have a positive impact on innovation performance. The study also uncovered significant mediation effects, where R&D investment positively influences innovation performance through network construction and management capabilities. Furthermore, institutional pressure was found to have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between deep knowledge search and innovation performance.
By integrating multiple theories, including innovation performance, knowledge management, and social capital, this study broadens its theoretical scope and value. It offers practical recommendations and underscores the critical role of internal capabilities in innovation performance. Specifically, it highlights the mediating role of enterprise network capability. In practical business management, enterprise network capability is indispensable for innovation, as it helps transform information search into innovation capability, enhancing innovation efficiency and optimizing innovation costs. While external environmental factors do play a role, innovation's core still resides within the company itself. Consequently, governments should not focus solely on increasing R&D funding, as an increase in R&D investment does not directly guarantee improved innovation performance
การประเมินผลแนวทางการแก้ไขปัญหาสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาลเกินราคาของรัฐบาลคณะรักษาความสงบแห่งชาติ
No full textการประเมินผลแนวทางการแก้ไขปัญหาสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาลเกินราคาของรัฐบาลคณะรักษาความสงบแห่งชาติ มีวัตถุประสงค์การศึกษา 2 ประการ คือ 1) ประเมินผลแนวทางการแก้ไขปัญหาการจำหน่ายสลากเกินราคาโดยใช้ Program Theory 2) เพื่อจัดทำข้อเสนอจากผลการศึกษาสำหรับแก้ไขปัญหาการจำหน่ายสลากเกินราคา ศึกษาด้วยระเบียบวิธีวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพโดยการทบทวนเอกสารที่เกี่ยวของกับแนวทางการแก้ไขปัญหาสลากกินราคา เพื่อสร้างโมเดลเชิงตรรกะสำหรับการประเมินผล เมื่อตรวจสอบความเหมาะสมของโมเดลแล้วจึงใช้เป็นกรอบในการกำหนดประเด็นการเก็บข้อมูลโดยการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึก หลังจากเก็บข้อมูลเชิงคุณภาพแล้วจึงนำผลการสัมภาษณ์มาสร้างแบบสำรวจความคิดเห็นของผู้ซื้อและผู้ขายสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาล ผลการศึกษาจำแนกเป็น 3 ระยะ กล่าวคือ ผลลัพธ์ระยะสั้น 6 ตัวชี้วัด พบว่า มี 3 ตัวชี้วัดที่บรรลุเป้าหมาย ได้แก่ การยกเลิกสัญญานิติบุคคลตัวแทนจำหน่ายเพื่อกระจายสลากให้รายย่อย, การดำเนินโครงการซื้อ-จองล่วงหน้าสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาลกระจายสลากให้ผู้ขายรายย่อย และการแก้ไขพระราชบัญญัติสำนักงานสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาล ส่วนตัวชี้วัดที่ไม่บรรลุเป้าหมาย 3 ตัวชี้วัด ได้แก่ การดำเนินคดีต่อผู้ค้าที่จำหน่ายสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาลเกินราคาอย่างจริงจัง, การรวมชุดสลากลดลง และเลขสลากที่ไม่เป็นที่นิยมจำหน่ายได้ดีขึ้น และราคาต้นทุนสลากถูกลงจากเดิมฉบับละ 74.40 สำหรับผลลัพธ์ระยะกลางนั้นบรรลุเป้าหมายเพียง 1 ตัวชี้วัดคือ ความกังวลของผู้ค้าสลากต่อการดำเนินคดีกรณีจำหน่ายสลากเกินราคา ขณะที่อีก 2 ตัวชี้วัด ได้แก่ ผู้ค้าสลากจำหน่ายสลากไม่หมดในแต่ละงวด และพ่อค้าคนกลางในกระบวนการจำหน่ายสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาลลดลงนั้นไม่บรรลุเป้าหมาย ด้านผลลัพธ์ระยะยาว พบว่า ตัวชี้วัดที่ 1 ประชาชนซื้อสลากจากแผงจำหน่ายฉบับละ 80 บาท และผู้ค้ารายย่อยรับซื้อสลากราคาฉบับละ 70.40 บาท ไม่บรรลุเป้าหมาย ส่วนตัวชี้วัดที่ 2 ความทันสมัยของกระบวนการจัดจำหน่ายบรรลุเป้าหมาย
สำหรับข้อเสนอจากผลการศึกษาสำหรับแก้ไขปัญหาการจำหน่ายสลากเกินราคา มี 3 ประการ คือ 1) เพิ่มโอกาสให้กับผู้ซื้อในการเข้าถึงสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาลราคาฉบับละ 80 บาท โดยการเพิ่มจุดจำหน่ายสลากให้กระจายไปตามต่างจังหวัด และช่องทางการจำหน่ายผ่านระบบออนไลน์ที่จัดทำโดยสำนักงานสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาล 2) สำนักงานสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาลควรเปิดให้มีการลงทะเบียนผู้ค้าสลากเพื่อเก็บข้อมูลเชิงสถิติของผู้ค้าสลากครอบคลุมมากที่สุด 3) ผลิตภัณฑ์ในอนาคตเสนอให้จำแนกตามวัตถุประสงค์ของผลิตภัณฑ์ออกเป็น 2 กรณี คือ วัตถุประสงค์เพื่อสร้างอาชีพให้กับประชาชนทั่วไป และวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อเป็นแหล่งรายได้ของรัฐและต้องให้ผู้ด้อยโอกาสและคนพิการ เพื่อให้สำนักงานสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาลสามารถกำหนดมาตรการที่เหมาะสมสำหรับสลากแต่ละประเภทThe objectives of this research are: 1) to assess the government’s measures against overpriced lottery tickets using program theory, and 2) to propose guidelines for solving the problem of overpriced government lottery tickets. A qualitative approach was employed using documentary research techniques to review documents related to the problem of overpriced government lottery tickets in order to develop a logic model for evaluation. After the suitability of the developed model was verified, it was used as a framework for determining the structure for in-depth interviews. The obtained data were used to create questionnaires to survey the opinions of lottery buyers and sellers. The research results were divided into three phases: short-term, intermediate, and long-term. For the short-term outcome, three indicators were achieved, namely the cancellation of distributor contracts with legal entities, the implementation of the lottery purchasing and advance booking project, and the modification of the Government Lottery Office Act, while the other three indicators were not achieved, comprising strict law enforcement against overpriced lottery sellers, the reduction of lottery sets and the better selling of unpopular lottery numbers, and the reduced cost of a lottery ticket of less than 74.40 baht. Regarding the intermediate outcome, anxiety among sellers about law enforcement against overpriced lottery sellers was achieved, whereas the other two indicators, namely the number of sellers with unsold lottery tickets in each draw, and the reduction of middlemen in the lottery distribution process, were not achieved. In terms of the long-term outcome, the first indicator, the lottery price that consumers pay (80 baht) and the lottery cost that sellers pay (70.40 baht), was not achieved, but the second indicator, modernization of the distribution process, was achieved.
Guidelines for solving the problem of overpriced lottery tickets were proposed as follows: 1) The government should increase the opportunity for consumers to purchase government lottery tickets at 80 baht by adding lottery sales points in provincial areas and developing an effective online distribution channel. 2) The Government Lottery Office should establish a registration system to comprehensively collect lottery sellers’ statistical and behavioral data. 3) Future lottery products should be developed based on two objectives, which are 1) to create jobs for local people, and 2) to boost state revenue and generate income for people with disabilities, so that the Government Lottery Office can determine appropriate measures for each type of lottery