Publicatii USAMV Cluj-Napoca (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine / Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară din Cluj-Napoca)
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Research on the Behavior of Some Maize Hybrids (Zea Mays) under the Influence of Technological Linksat Fundulea, Călărasi Country
Get PDFThe main aim of this research theme is to determine the best maize hybrids (Zea mays L. convar. Dentiformis) suitable for the southern area of Romania, thatin terms of applying the most appropriate technological links to determine the achievement of high and stable harvests. Plant cultivation has been achieved in optimal technology, specific to the site culture in not irrigated variant, the studied genotypes consisting in two Romanian hybrids: Partizanand Opal. The experiment was located on a uniform land considering the fertility and landscape, on a chernozem soil, in an experimental field belonging to NARDI Fundulea. The experimental results were statistically processed using the method of variance analysis. Conclusions consist of analysis of variance on the influence of soil tillage, fertilization and use of hybrid in maize harvest in terms of the climate in 2012
Isolation and Biochemical Characterization of Rhizobium Leguminosarum bv. Trifolii and Sinorhizobium Meliloti using API 20 NE and API 20 E
Get PDFThe present study was carried out to isolate and to investigate biochemical characteristics of twenty rhizobacteria strains from red clover (Rhizobium trifolii) and alfalfa (Sinorhizobium meliloti). The result of the study showed a low diversity in morphological, physiological and symbiotic properties among the rhizobial strains. Phenotypically all isolated strains had the same colony morphology conical with a smooth margin, the color and texture was watery to translucent. The isolates were fast-growing and failed to absorb Congo red. API 20NE and API 20E showed a negative reaction for the reduction of nitrate in RtS1, RtR2, and positive for SmM1, SmM2. The reaction was positive for β-galactosidase, β- glucosidase and negative for urease, arginine dihydrolase, for all rhizobial isolates. Carbon sources: glucose, arabinose, mannose,mannitol, maltose, were also positive for all strains. Rhizobial strains utilized a wider range of carbohydrates and this may be a helpful tool for the characterization of the isolates
ONE HUNDRED TEN YEARS OF RESEARCH ON MEDICINAL PLANTS, AT THE AGRONOMY IN CLUJ (1904-2014)
Get PDFONE HUNDRED TEN YEARS OF RESEARCH ON MEDICINAL PLANTS, AT THE AGRONOMY IN CLUJ (1904-2014
Research Concerning the Economic Efficiency of Four Species of Medicinal Plants Grown in the Western Part of Transylvanian Plaine
Get PDFIn this paper we present the economic efficiency of four species of medicinal plants grown in the experimental field of Jucu, belonging to the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca.Through the conducted research we wish to emphasize the cultivation profitabiity of the four studied species of medicinal plants. Economic efficiency was established by calculating the following economic indicators: its output per hectare, production value, average price recovery, cost of production, valoriyation cost, the cost per unit of output, gross margin change. We evaluated from an economic profitability poin of view in terms of 2014, the 4 studied crops. Expenditure on maintenance, harvesting and conditioning of the production was balanced against the income earned by selling the raw materials plants. Technological sheets were developed, income and expenditure budgets and cost-benefit analysis was done for each species. It appears that the largest share of total variable costs is the expense of temporary labor (day laborers) over 75% according to the abtained yield. In conclusion, the greatest profil could be obtained by cultivating catnip. Taking into account that medicinal plants are very suitable to organic growth and provided they are certified as, economic efficiency is the greatest in these conditions, due to higher price for valorizing their production (4-5 eur/ kg) and higher subsidies granted 460 euros/ha in 2015.Â
Testing Innovative Technique Based on Microwave Irradiation, for Stimulating Common Bean Germination and Development
Get PDFIn the last decades a new goal for agriculture is to develop environmentally friendly innovative technologies. One of the interest solutions, in perspective, is the treatment of plants with low power microwave irradiation in order to obtain a higher and healthier production. This approach could also contribute to mitigation of harmful effects produced by excessive use of chemical products in treatment of seeds and also field culture phytoprotection. Investigating effects of microwave irradiation, on the germination of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Ardeleana) seeds, and on the growth and development of bean plantules, in specific experimental conditions. The trial was developed within Laboratories of the Advanced Research Centre for Environmental Protection and Assessment of Life Quality from USAMV Cluj-Napoca. The growing experiment of 10 - 8 days (with 49 individuals each) was developed until the seeds have grown up to 15 cm height, in conditions of microwave irradiated and no irradiated conditions. The studied parameters were: length of stems, length of roots, and seedling vigour index. Data were statistically processed with STATISTICA v 6.0 Office. The studied parameters were quantified by biometric approach (length of stems and roots). The use of low power microwave irradiation in germination of common bean in laboratory conditions may be taken into consideration for large scale cultivation. Further research is needed in order to establish appropriate practices for the success of this innovative technique
Analysis of the Thrips Fauna (Insecta: Thysanoptera) on Flowers of Roses in Western Part of Romania
Get PDFThrips are tiny insects responsible for the reduction of rose flower quality. Thrips are usually associated with roses particularly early in the season. Infestations concentrate around new flowers and flowers buds. During outbreaks these insects reduce flowers size and may even kill buds. Thrips fed especially on flowers petals after bud break, causing losses in blossom quality. This research work covers the observations of the species composition of thrips and the periods of the occurrence of the particulars species of thrips and their numerousness. Studies of Thysanoptera were realized at the Young Naturalists Station in Timisoara, on five rose varieties (Virgo, Pascaly, Golden Shower, Gloria Day and Flamingo), over the years 2012 - 2014. In order to achieve the objectives set were used the  flowers and flowers buds collecting method. Thrips fed especially on flowers petals after bud break, causing losses in blossom quality. This research work covers the observations of the species composition of thrips and the periods of the occurrence of the particulars species of thrips and their numerousness. The analysis of the thrips specific diversity pointed out a taxonomic spectrum of 12 species, four of those species of thrips, Frankliniella intonsa, Taeniothrips inconsequens, Thrips fuscipennis and Thrips major var. banatica, were recorded as the most important insect pest on rose in western part of Romania. Regarding to the geographical distribution, our studies highlights the dominance of the West-Palaeartic elements
The evolution of some agroclimatic indicators between 2009 - 2013 in the Transylvanian Plain
Get PDFTransylvanian Plain (TP) with an area of 395,616 hectares  is considered one of the most affected areas with the lowest capacity to adapt  to existing climate change. In these conditions, the climate monitoring and implementation of measures to adapt to these changes are essential for sustainable development of agricultural technologies. Purpose of these paper is to analysis of data obtained in relation to the principles of soil conservation and adaptation to climate phenomena observed in monitoring agro-climatic factors. In this study we used data of temperature and humidity electronically recorded by eight HOBO microstations located in the Transylvanian Plain, which determine the rainfalls and temperature to a height of 1 m, the soil temperature (at 10, 30, 50 cm depth in soil) and soil moisture (at 10 cm depth). In TP the multiannual average of temperature at 10 cm depth in soil recorded during 2009-2013 is 11.22ºC, respectively 11.23ºC at 50 cm depth in soil and the multiannual average of soil moisture recorded in the same period is 0.227 m3/m3. The multiannual average value of precipitation is 465.25 mm. Results highlight the dynamic evolution of soil moisture and air temperature in Transylvanian Plain due to agro-climatic analysis of the indicators calculated for the period 2009-2013
Testing Some Fungicides for the Combat of Potato Mildew in the Pedoclimatic Conditions in Seini Town
Get PDFThe aim of this survey was to set the biologic effectiveness of some homologated fungicides, in order to introduce them in the new programs of combating mildew in potato crops. The experimental surveys were carried out at the farm of SC Marmalus SRL of Seini, the Maramures County, during 2013 and 2014. The warning area method was used. The attack was calculated by determining the attack frequency, intensity and degree. In 2013, 8 varieties were tested against the mildew attack, as the Procura variant proved to be the most resistant, and Ostara the most sensible. In 2014, 14 fungicides were tested starting with the outbreaks of the alarm plot; then the appearance of mildew in natural conditions was taken into account. For testing, the sensible Ostara variety and the resistant Procura variety were used. The climatic conditions were favorable to the development of fungi, with high temperatures and atmospheric humidity. The best results were obtained for the Ridomil Gold Plus 42.5WG, for both varieties, with the effectiveness of 86.6% for the resistant variety, respectively, 85% for the sensitive variety. The worst results were obtained by the Dithane M45 product, with an effectiveness of 70.4% for Ostara, as for the Procura variant the Polyram DF product was used with an effectiveness of 73.7%. Â In the combating of Phythophtora infestans fungi, it is recommended to use with good results the product Ridomil Gold Plus 42.5WG, followed by the products Ridomil Gold X9Z86WG, Infinito 68.7 SC and Consento 450 SC
Research Regarding the Influence of Drying Agent`s Speed and Temperature on the Work Process of Corn Dehydration
Get PDFIntroduction: For the proper progression of the work process for cereal drying it is necessary that thedistribution of the termic agent should be uniform and steady through the product layer, so that the variation ofthe product`s humidity and temperature could be similar in all the layer`s spots.Aims: The purpose of this paper is to obtain a uniform distribution of heat in the product along with a closevariation of its humidity on the layer`s thickness.Materials and Methods: In order to achieve those proposed, corn seeds with humidities between 16-25%were subjected successively to be dried, in three adjoining cells with a total thickness of 150 mm. To fulfill theobjective, there was an installation designed and built for dehydration of cereal seeds in laboratory conditions.By varying the speed and the temperature of the termic agent, were studied a total of 80 experimental variants.During the research, was monitored the influence of the structural and functional parameters of the installation fordehydration on the variation of humidity.Results: The results of the experimental researches highlight the conversely proportional variation of moisturein the three layers while increasing the drying agent`s speed and temperature. Values of layers humidities havevaried evenly for temperatures up to 60 oC.Conclusion: In the present research work, we demonstrated that with decreasing humidity the porosityincreases in the product layer, the drying agent speed increases, the drying agent temperature decreases, and thedrying agent humidity increases.Â