Publicatii USAMV Cluj-Napoca (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine / Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară din Cluj-Napoca)
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Influence of Climate Factors and Plant Varieties on the Hay Technology (Fibrous Feed)
Get PDFThe present study was carried on the Research and Didactical Station Jucu located close to Someș River. The aim of the study is to determine the fuel consumption and productivity of aggregates (machineries) used in the conditions of the two levels of hay production technology. The experimental plot uses Festuca Arundinacea, while control, spontaneous vegetation (Dactilys glomerata 70%, Alopecurus pratensis 10% Festuca sp.6%, Trifolium repens 5%, other plants 9%). Grassland soil taken in study type is molded with a high coefficient of withering (16-19%) and a small capacity water output (8%). Chemical characteristics of soil samples shows us a good content in humus and good to very good in mobile potassium, being deficient in phosphorus mobile. The differences noted between the fuel consumptions for the two parcels is due to higher vegetable production of control plot which has also a running speed of different aggregates also influencing effective productivity
Potential Bioregulators for Rape (Brassica napus L.) Plants
Get PDFIt is known that polyphenols are a single group of phytochemicals which present in all plants. Their biological activity is based upon functional groups capable to participate in the plant metabolism influencing cell division and biosynthesis processes. In our experiments we have evaluated the effect of spruce bark polyphenolic extract and deuterium depleted water (DDW) as rapeseed plant bioregulators. After aqueous extraction of bark and quantification and identification of polyphenolic compounds by HPLC methods, we applied the extracts in the growth medium of rapeseed plants. Assessment the influence of extracts on rapeseed plants was achieved through determination of germination energy and capacity, biomass accumulation, assimilatory pigments accumulation and photosynthesis activity. The results has shown that it possible to establish the highest stimulating effect of polyphenols on germination energy and capacity. These, were registered in the presence of spruce bark polyphenolic extract (SBPE) with an equivalent content of 130 mg GAE/L. Rape plants treated with DDW+SBPE have accumulated the highest amount of biomass compared with other experimental variants. The photosynthesis activity was considerably intensified especially in the presence of SBPE
Considerations Concerning the Impact of the Management on Pine Trees Drying Phenomenon
Get PDFThe pine trees may support the consequences of the action of a series of various natural harmful factors, as break downs determined by strong winds, storms, or large amounts of snow, pathogens and mites` attacks, and also anthropogenic harmful factors. The research was developed in Reghin Forestry District, arrangement unity Breaza 2, county of Mureș, in the year 2012. The biological material consisted of pine (Pinus nigra) trees, 40 years old. The following climatic and pine tree developmental parameters were monitored: temperature, humidity, and rainfall regimen, pine height, pine average diameter, and pine slenderness ratio. The experimental research emphasizes climatic conditions represented by an annual temperature of 9.27ºC, atmospheric humidity of 71.17%, and rainfall regimen of 5.48 mm. The averages of the diameter of the pine trees is of 11.76 m, of the height of 11.19 m, and of the slenderness ratio of 0.95, while the statistical analyze is repr4esentative. A strong positive correlation between pine trees` diameter and height, of 88.70%, representative for 78.60% of the sample may be mentioned, ande between diameter and slenderness ratio, the correlation is equal to 0.452, representative t for 20.40%
The Presence or the Absence of Schools: What Impact for Rural Communities in Hungary And Romania?
Get PDFIn rural communities, a school can be defined as an ‘axis mundi`. Besides providing basic education, the school represents an important cultural and social pivot. The aim of the study was to identify the links between the characteristics of rural areas in Hungary and Romania (population characteristics, employment and welfare characteristics, housing and infrastructure characteristics) and the school closure phenomenon. Secondary data were analyzed in order to describe the situation of each country. The preliminary results revealed problems related to the decrease of schools` number, due to the unfavorable demographical situation and to the consolidation process. Despite the ambiguous findings, it is possible to say that rural communities with schools have a higher level of welfare. Even though in both countries school closures had a negative impact on the community, it is not implied that in those communities the worst living conditions were recorded. A limitation of the current study was the lack of the same set of variables for the two countries, which made difficult the comparison between them. Further research is needed in order to find out new correlations and interrelations and to prove them as statistically significant
Classification of Land and Crops Based on Satellite Images Landsat 8: Case Study SD Timisoara
Get PDFAgriculture benefits increasingly from the several services of related areas, including satellite technology and informatics, which have a substantial contribution lately. The present study aimed to analyze and classify the habitat, and crops of the SD Timisoara based on spectral information from satellite images. Analysis of the habitat and agricultural crops was done with ArcGIS 10 software based on satellite images Landsat8. Of the tested algorithms, Maximum Likelihood was used and as method, the supervised classification was used in order to analyze the spectral information contained by satellite images. The high and stable level of the correlation between spectral bands and satellite index NDVI recorded in May, has determined that satellite images from the certain month should be used for the classification the territory, evaluation of crop structure and areas occupied by them. There was an interdependent relationship between NDVI index and Band 543 having high statistical accuracy (p<< 0.001, R2 = 0.820). Â Analysis done by supervised method based on Maximum likelihood algorithm has facilitated land and crop classification in four classes in the year 2013 and six classes in the year 2014 and the determination of crop areas with high level of accuracy
RESEARCH REGARDING THE INFLUENCE WEED CONTROL TREATMENTS ON PRODUCTION AND QUALITATIVE INDICATORS SOYBEAN CULTIVATED IN MINIMUM TILLAGE SYSTEM
No full textThe use of herbicides abused, without a thorough knowledge can be dangerous for the environment through the introduction of toxic waste in agricultural ecosystems. It is necessary to reduce the doses used in relation to the use of conservative technology, finding solutions optimized for effective weed control. Research conducted at ARDS Turda in the years 2013 and 2014 have followed the effect of 12 variants of herbicides used to control weeds in soybean crop, sown in two tillage systems (classical system and minimal tillage system), on the soybean production and quality indicators. Tillage system significantly influenced both qualitative indices and soybean crop production (being 2635 kg/ha to the classical and 2131 kg/ha minimum tillage system). The significant influence of tillage soybeans in fat content (20.34% in minimum tillage system; 19.94% to the classical) and on protein (39.89% minimum tillage system; 40.56% in the classic)
Impact on the Abandonment of Semi-Natural Grasslands from Apuseni Mountains
Get PDFAccording to The European Communion in Europe there are large areas of abandoned grasslands (Osterburg and colab., 2010). The abandonment of grasslands entails substantial changes to the vegetation cover. Usually, after a period of time, semi-natural grasslands start to develop forestlike features. In Romania despite the existence of a subsidiary system large areas with semi-natural grasslands are abandoned. The objective of this paper was to analyze the effect of abandonment on the structure of vegetation cover. The experiment consists in 3 experimental variants (1 mowed annually, 1 abandoned for 5 years and 1 abandoned for 15 years) and is located in the village of GheÈ›ari, from Gârda de Sus commune at an altitude of 1130 m. Vegetation was studied using the Braun-Blanquet method, modified by Păcurar and Rotar in 2014. The scientific results were processed with the numerical analysis application (Cluster Analyses) belonging to PC-ORD program. Results showed that the grassland abandoned for 5 years did not show any statistical difference compared to the grassland mowed annually. The grassland abandoned for 15 years showed modification in the structure of vegetation cover translated by the disappearance of numerous species.Our reccomandation is that semi-natural grasslands, which have numerous economical disadvantages because of their location, should be mowed at least every five years
Impact of Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources Development (SOP HRD) on Doctoral Thesis Rate of Defending and Publishing Activity of Doctoral Students enrolled in the Universities of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Romania
Get PDFTaking into account the importance of human capital, and Romanian strategy in this area, in last decade, a Sectoral Operational Programme concerning Human Resources has been implemented. In this study, we emphasize the impact of SOP HRD on doctoral thesis defending rate, and publishing activity of doctoral students from agronomy and veterinary medicine fields. Research was carried out on four state Universities of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from: Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, Iasi and Timisoara. Data were processed with STATISTICA v. 8.0 for Windows, software. Very strong multiple correlations are emphasized between results indicators with values from R = 0.999 for UASVM Bucharest, to R = 0.961 UASVM Timisoara. Principal Components Analysis, and Cluster Analysis show that published papers have a great importance (99.50%-99.40%) for the number doctoral thesis defended within SOP HRD projects developed by the UASVMs from Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, and Iasi, while the presentations given at conferences seems to have a minor role. In UASVM Timisoara, both published papers and presentations given at conferences seems to have almost the same importance (51.08%, and 48.92%, respectively) for the number of defended doctoral thesis
Histo-anatomic Aspects on Zea Mays L. Influenced by Hemp Shives Polyphenolic Extract
Get PDFThe plant kingdom is an inexhaustible source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant character. It is known that, natural polyphenols are essential compounds in stimulating plant growth and development. The aim of this study was to identify the internal structure changes in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings, under the influence of hemp shives polyphenolic extract. Hemp shives polyphenolic extract was characterized in terms of the total content of polyphenols and individual content by HPLC. Germination tests were carried out going through a standard procedure. In order to perform the histo-anatomical characterization, the vegetal material was fixed and preserved in alcohol 70%, following to be cut by hand microtome. The sections obtained were stained using double staining reagents: green - iodine and ruthenium red. It was observed, compared with the control, that hemp shives polyphenolic extract determines a good development of the root hairs and increase leading bundles number and central vessels metaxylem. Hemp shives polyphenolic extract in lower concentrations has positive effects on developed process of Zea mays L. plants that can be attributed to bioregulation properties
The Influence of Tillage and Irrigation on the Maize Production
Get PDFThe main objective of this project is to elaborate a non-conventional tillage system for various agro-pedo-climatic areas of Romania, characterized by the reduction of drought effects and production stability, the reduction of technological inputs and increase of economic efficiency, the efficient capitalization of limited water resources, soil preservation and environmental protection. By comparison with the traditional tillage system for maize, namely plowing, the experiment is statistically backed, with the significance very significantly negative. If we relate to the vibromix tillage, the productions are statistically backed and are very significant in the version cultivated in conditions of 100% irrigation and 50% irrigation. The research has been carried out at the Valul lui Traian Station for Agricultutral Research and Development. The experiments were placed according to the method of subdivided plots, in three repetitions on the field, with tillage systems adapted to the local conditions and consisted of the following versions: the level of water supply (three graduations), deep loosening of the soil (two graduations), basic tillage (three graduations). Â Maize reacted very well to tillage. Taking into account the high cost of irrigation in Dobrudja, these results support the farmers by offering solutions for the need to reduce production costs without diminishing production. The analysis of the yield obtained in maize as an effect of tillage shows that the chisel plow works are statistically very significant. Maize reacts well to vibromix tillage when the field is chisel plowed or not and/or irrigated-not irrigated, resulting in productions that are quantitatively close to those obtained by plowing, but with a capitalization rate higher than in this version. The research results showed us that a chisel plow work done every three or four years and irrigation with only 50% of the AHI can result in productions close the ones obtained by irrigation with 100% of the AHI