Publicatii USAMV Cluj-Napoca (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine / Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară din Cluj-Napoca)
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THE STUDY OF COMPOSITION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE VOLATILE OIL OF THE SEVSTOPOLIS LAVANDER VARIETY, CULTIVATED IN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF CLUJ-NAPOCA
Get PDFThe lavender is an aromatic plant known and used since Antiquity. The raw material is constituted by inflorescence (Lavandulae flos, Lavandulae angustifoliae-flos, and Lavandulae hibridae flos, respectively) used fresh or as dry matter. The fresh flowers contain up to 0.8% volatile oil, and dry flowers up to 1.5%. The main components, from quantitative point of view, which confer the basic smell of the lavander, are linalool (20-35%) and linalyl acetate (30-55%). The volatile lavander oil is a strog flavour agent, used in perfumery and cosmetics, but it also has medicinal uses (carminative, sedative, spasmolytic and colagog action). The main components of the Sevstopolis lavander oil are linalool (27.55%) and linalyl acetate (22.16%). The volatile oil obtained from the lavander Sevstopolis variety, has antimicrobial activity
QUINCE PEEL EXTRACT ADDITION TO LIQUEUR FOR IMPROVING ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHENOLIC CONTENT
Get PDFThe present research aimed the valorisation of quince peel, which is a valuable by-product from fruit processing industries, in extraction of pigments for naturally colouring the quince liqueur. In order to obtain the finished product three objectives were established: valorisation of phenolic compounds from quince peel, assessing the influence of phenolic compounds on the finishedproduct, formulation and technology establishment for the quince liqueur  enriched with peels flavonoidic extract. The distilled beverage was obtained by distillation of natural fermented quince fruit. The process followed the conventional technology - double distillation of quince mash in copper alembic. Then the recipe was optimized in order to adjust the liqueur to the right sugar content and its natural pale yellow colour using the peel extracted flavonoids. The chemical assessment consisted of both the analysis on the raw material, during process technology, as well as on the final product. Common physicochemical methods were applied for the alcohol concentration, total acidity, sugar content, dry matter, pH and volatile component, as expressed in esters content. In addition, total phenolic and antioxidant activity were assessed by using Folin Ciocalteau method, and DPPH method, respectively
ASPECTS REGARDING THE EXPLOITATION OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS
Get PDFThe role of medicinal and aromatic plants in prophylactic and curativemedicine is long known, being increasingly appreciated worldwide and in ourcountry. Man used natural resources in the middle of which he lived, from thebeginning of its existence. He found in the vegetal and animal world the livelihood,food, clothes and solutions to remedy the organic suffering. Gradually, he managedto identify plants that were beneficial to his health, for healing wounds and curingvarious diseases. From traditional medicine to modern medicine, the practice ofhealing human suffering could not part with medicinal plants, which are aninvaluable pool of active principles, bundled into the immensity of flowers, leaves,roots etc. Human civilizations that have succeeded each brought their contributionto the knowledge and use of a growing number of medicinal plants. Many scholarsof ancient times until nowadays have also recorded in their writings the medicinalqualities and the proper way of use of many plants. At the same time with thedevelopment of chemistry it also became possible the knowledge of activesubstances (active principles) in plants. Until a century ago, about three quarters ofpharmaceutical preparations were made from vegetable products, then syntheticmedicines have come to hold more weight and medicinal plants were considered bysome ʺtherapeutic fossilsʺ. The interest in therapy with pharmaceutical productsderived from plants is growing steadily from the second half of the last century,due to the fact that they are more compatible with the human body, being closer inmetabolic terms and more easily tolerated than synthetic medicines. Currentmedical trends are grafted increasingly on the use of phytotherapy (treatment withpharmaceutical products derived from plants), limiting the explosive use ofsynthetic drugs to the strictly necessary. Phytotherapy is a real possibility inmodern therapeutics alongside chemotherapy, physiotherapy and balneology,electrotherapy, food hygiene etc
Researches on the Influence of the Sowing Period of Simple Hybrids on Seed Production for the Turda 200 Maize Hybrid
Get PDFThe production of certified seed for maize double hybrids is based on the crossing of two simple maize hybrids, one of which is used as a seed producer (maternal form, AxB) and another as pollinator (paternal form, CxD). The production of the seed in the case of double hybrids presents some advantages because the production obtained in the hybridization lot is high, the cost of lower seed production and includes a minimum risk (Penčić and Hadžistević, 1982). Seed quality indices are generally better than by simple hybrids, especially when adverse conditions occur during production (Sarca, 2004)
CHEMICAL RISK DUE TO HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS
Get PDFThe paper highlights some features related with the quality of medicinal plants, the focus being directed towards the heavy metal content of some commercially available products between 2013-2015: basil, chamomile, mulberry, plantain, dandelion, mint, St. John's wort, marigold, fennel and dill. Four heavy metals were investigated (cadmium, lead, zinc and copper) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, measurements being performed using a Shimadzu AA-6300 double beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer with graphite furnace, after microwave-assisted digestion. The concentration ranges were as follows: for lead from 0.07 μg/kg (chamomile - in 2013) to 45.01 μg/kg (dill - in 2013), for cadmium from 0.88 μg/kg (plantain - in 2013) to 25.63 μg/kg, for zinc from 1.45 mg/kg (fennel - in 2013) to 22.38 mg/kg (marigold - in 2015) and for copper from 2.34 mg/kg (dill - in 2013) to 13.49 mg/kg (marigold - in 2015). The contaminants` contents of herbal teas are variable due to the factors like differences between the plants species, geographical area and exposure to different pollution sources or conditions during drying process
FLAVOUR COMPOUNDS OF LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA L. TO USE IN FOOD PRESERVATION
Get PDFExtending the life of food is of commercial and economic importance. Combining nutritious foods with flavorful spices and herbs is a time honored tradition and a beautiful picture of God's design for the Abundant Life. As one of the most gentle oils, lavender essential oil is a great oil to start with as you learn to cook with essential oils. Its flavor is delicate and floral, excellent for a variety of culinary options. The best extracts, in terms of amount of isolated compounds, flavor quality and stability were those obtained with supercritical CO2 extraction. Extending this cause to cooking with essential oils as well widens our appreciation for creation and all of the goodness available at our fingertips
Priming Effect Induced by the Use of Different Fertilizers on Soil Functional Diversity
Get PDFAgricultural practices, such as the use of fertilizers, can change the structure and function of soil microbial community. Monitoring and assessing the soil microbiota and its dynamics related to different factors can be a powerful tool for understanding basic and applied ecological contexts. The main objective of this paper was to assess the changes of carbon turnover rate and the microbial metabolic activity, when different types of fertilizers were used, process called priming effect. A microcosm experiment was designed and performed under controlled temperature and humidity and the soil samples were analyzed using the MicroResp technique. Results show that the integration in soil of different carbon sources, such as green manure, can lead to a positive priming effect and integration of mineral fertilizers can lead to negative priming effect. The carbon sources with the highest respiratory activity were α-ketoglutaric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, while the lowest respiratory activity was obtained in case of arginine
The Starter Effect of Non-Symbiotic Microbial Bioproducts on Wheat
Get PDFMicrobial groups developed in the rhizosphere ensure the stability and dynamics of nutrient transfer processes to plants. Additional soil inoculation with rhizospheric bacteria acts to expand the ecological niche, supplements the activity, the number of individuals and promote plant growth. In today’s agriculture, there is a need for the usage of rhizosphere microflora and integrative approaches to stimulate plant growth. The aim of the study is to evaluate the use of biofertilizers as starter stimulators in autumn wheat. Different concentrations of Bactofil, containing rhizospheric bacteria, were applied in small rhizothrones. Evaluation of relationships between bacterial inoculum and plant reveals the degree of applicability and adaptation to the soil conditions of exogenous microflora. Doses of 15.6 x 108 and 20.8 x 108 cells/m2 stimulates the root elongation and higher level of mycorrhization. Bioproducts can be viable solutions to stimulate the initial development of wheat plants
Study of the Behavior of Some Spring Barley Lines with Two Rows Created at A.R.D.S Turda Regarding Production Capacity and Quality
Get PDFThe spring barley is a variety of a superior quality for brewing compared with the feed barley due to several reasons. Research was conducted in the field of breeding of spring barley with two rows, within ARDS Turda, during 2013-2015. The trials were comparatively developed, and included 25 variants. The biological material was represented by four autochthonous genotypes: Turdeana, Daciana Romaniţa (A.R.D.S. Turda), and Adina (A.R.D.S. Suceava). The spring barley lines created by the S.C.D.A. Turda, meet the requirements of the beer industry in terms of protein content, starch, M.M.B. and germination energy
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ABOUT ANTICANCER AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ROSEMARY OIL (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS L)
Get PDFNowadays, cancer is one of the most common diseases in all over the world. The concept that there is a close relationship between food and diseases like cancer is widely accepted. The scientists are now searching a natural drug in order to prevent or to cure this disease. Their attention is focused on bioactive compounds of plants that could have antitumorogenic activities. The following mini-review attempts to synthesize the importance of rosemary in cancer prevention, but also in food preservation industry thanks to its rich chemical composition on bioactive compounds that could also have antimicrobial activities