Publicatii USAMV Cluj-Napoca (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine / Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară din Cluj-Napoca)
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The Reaction of some Maize Hybrids, Created at ARDS TURDA, to Fusarium spp. Infection
Get PDFThe most important disease of maize in Romania are stalk and ear rot, which caused yield losses in average of 20%. The resistant hibrids represent one of the most efficient solution for reducing the field loses caused by Fusarium spp. on the maize (Nagy et al., 2006). Diseases caused by Fusarium spp. can affect the yield and grain quality of maize because of contamination with numerous mycotoxins produced by these fungi (Czembor et al., 2015). The purpose of this paper was to know more about the reaction of different maize hybrids to Fusarium and the evaluating the effect of ear rot on the yield ability and mycotoxins accumulation. The experiments carried out at ARDS Turda, during four years (2012-2015). The biological material was represented by 8 hybrids, from different maturity groups, tested in two infection conditions with Fusarium spp. (natural and artificial infections). The temperature and rainfalls of the four years of experiments corresponding to the vegetation of maize (april-september) are influenced favourably the pathogenesis of stalk and ear rot caused by Fusarium spp. and a good discrimination of the resistance reaction of genotypes. Fusarium ear rot has significantly affected production capacity and chemical composition of corn hybrids tested. In conditions of artificial infection with Fusarium spp. was a decrease in the content of starch, fat and increased protein content compared with artificially inoculated variants. The quantity of fumonizin B1+B2 has reached to 5630 μg/kg in conditions of artificial infection. There are negative correlations between production capacity and degree of attack of fusarium ear rot; depending on the reacting genotypes tested increasing disease causes production decrease. The response of maize hybrids to Fusarium infection is influenced by infection and climatic conditions. These factors affect production both in terms of quantity and quality and accumulation of mycotoxins
THE HEALING POWER AND THE USES IN LANDSCAPE DESIGN OF LAVENDER (LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA L.)
Get PDFRecently, in our country, as elsewhere in the world there was a special focus on the use of medicinal and aromatic plants. Day by day, more people are recognizing and admitted the therapeutic effects and the benefits of medicinal and aromatic plants being used in curing diseases. Among the medicinal and aromatic plants that have given rise to a particular interest in the last decades is also the lavender plant (Lavandula angustifolia L.). Current medical trends are grafted increasingly on the use of treatment with pharmaceutical products derived from plants (phytotherapy). Phytotherapy is a real possibility in modern therapeutics alongside chemotherapy, electrotherapy, physiotherapy and balneology, food hygiene etc. The following review presents the therapeutic effects and the benefits of the lavender (Lavandula angustifolia L.) as plant, lavender fragrance, cut flower and landscape planting design
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ABOUT ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF HERB AND OIL OREGANO (ORIGANUM VULGARE SSP. HIRTUM)
Get PDFIn the last decades, consumers’ attention has been focused on natural food products without preservatives, because they believe that food could have a direct influence on their health. From the industrial point of view, these new consumers’ preferences involves technological changes and reorientation to natural raw materials, like plants. In order to reduce or remove the synthetic preservatives from food products, previous researches has emphasized on the importance of self-life prolongation by using natural products like oregano (Origanum vulgare, Hirtum ssp.) herb and oil. The following mini-review attempts to synthesize the importance of oregano in food preservation industry due to its rich chemical composition on bioactive compounds which could have antimicrobial effects
DETERMINATION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM VIOLA ARVENSIS AND V. DECLINATA (VIOLACEAE)
Get PDFFlavonoids are plant-derived dietary polyphenols with major role as anti-oxidant and oxidative stress preventive molecules. Viola species (Violaceae) are medicinal plants used in traditional medicine for their anti-inflammatory, diuretic and expectorant properties. The aim of the study was to analyze the flavonoids from aerial parts of Viola arvensis Murray and V. declinata Waldst. et Kit. (Violaceae). The identification of compounds was made by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), whereas the quantitative determinations by spectrophotometric methods. Ethanolic extracts of the vegetal products were studied before and after acid hydrolysis. Isoquercitrin and rutoside were identified in both species before hydrolysis and quercetol and kaempferol after hydrolysis
COMPARATIVE MP-AES DETERMINATION OF SELECTED METALS IN POLISH AND ROMANIAN HERBAL TEAS
Get PDFA Microwave Plasma - Atomic Emission Spectroscopy method for the determination of selected metals and metalloids (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Al, Pb, Co) in herbal tea infusions has been developed and validated. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.01-0.12 mg L-1. The method does not need a special sample treatment and was successfully applied to the analysis of 31 herbal teas available on Polish and Romanian markets
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ABOUT THERAPEUTIC QUALITIES OF ESSENTIAL OIL LEMON BALM (MELISSA OFFICINALIS L.)
Get PDFIn the context of the momentary market of natural products, a growth in theconsumer request of natural products can be observed, especially regarding thetherapeutic products. Previous research has emphasized the utility of bio-activecompounds present in the essential Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.) oil, and thepositive effects it has over health. The following mini-review attempts to present thebenefits of using essential therapeutic Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.) oil overhuman body health
Observations on Groundwater Contamination with Nitrogen Compounds: A Case Study from Medias town, Sibiu County
Get PDFWorldwide, the groundwater (water well and public spring) is used as drinking water source. The water quality is important due to the possible negative effects on the consumers’ health, especially for infants. Nitrogen compounds (NO2-, NO3-, NH4+) are present as natural components of the nitrogen cycle and their presence in the groundwater is ubiquitous. But, due to the anthropogenic activities high concentrations of nitrogen compounds are release into the groundwater, thereby the chemical compounds concentrations exceed the maximum allowable concentrations (MACs). The purpose of the present study was to assess the content of nitrogen compounds in groundwater, namely private water wells and public springs used as drinking water sources by the Medias town population. The study results show alarming NO2- and NO3- concentrations; the NO3- concentrations exceed 5 times the MAC and NO2- concentrations exceed3 times the MAC.
The Influence of Copper Sulphate on Growth, Morphology and on Anatomy of Vegetative Organs of Triticum Aestivum L
Get PDFCopper is necessary for the growth and development of plants, but a high concentrations is extremely toxic, resulting in growth inhibition and toxicity symptoms. In this study we investigated the effects of caryopses immersion of Triticum aestivum L, for 24 hours, at different concentrations of copper sulphate. CuSO4 x 5H20 (0.05 g/L - variant V1; 0.1g/L - variant V2; 0.5 g/L - variant V3; 1 g/L - variant V4). The result of metabolic disturbances induced by the treatment of vegetative organs was their growth inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. Our results suggest that caryopses immersion for 24 hours with copper sulphate in a concentration of 0.5 g /l and 1 g /l induce anatomic and morphological changes in vegetative organs
The Suitability and the Bio-chemical Characteristics of Soils from the Northwest Region of Development from Romania, for Blueberry Crop
Get PDFWe conducted several bio-chemical analyses on soil samples collected from eight blueberry plantations from Northwest Region of Development, using such as Kjeldahl method for total N, Perucci, Krawczyński, Hoffman and Teicher methodology for determine soil enzyme. The bio-chemical analyses conducted provide a better qualitative characterization of soils, providing significant information regarding their fertility degree and favourability for blueberries. For instance, the higher amount of total organic carbon found in four of the eight studied plantation, can be correlated with the same higher amount of enzyme present in soil which have an influence on them, xanthine oxidase and peroxidase activity. Taking into account the requirements needed for a blueberry plantation, we demonstrate that organic soils have also had the highest amount of bio-chemical compounds, such as cambisoil, met in Galații Bistriței, where were also found the highest amounts of different forms of nitrogen (1.755 g/kg total N; 0.0189 g/kg NH4 + and 0.0231g/kg NO3 in Galații Bistriței, comparing to 1.344 g/kg of total nitrogen; 0.0126 g/kg NH4+ and 0.0119 g/kg NO3- in Ulmeni), different forms of carbon and the enzymes that influence this compounds in soil, xanthine oxidase activity, peroxidase activity and nitrate reductase activity
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL CAROTENOID CONTENT IN SOME CALENDULA OFFICINALIS AND TAGETES PATULA VARIETIES
Get PDFCarotenoids are C-40 terpenoid compounds found in coloured vegetables and fruits, with potential health beneficial properties. Calendula officinalis and Tagetes patula are important sources of carotenoids with application in food and healthcare industry. In this study we analysed the total carotenoid content in dried and fresh vegetal products from nine varieties of Calendula officinalis and seven varieties of Tagetes patula, by spectrophotometric methods. We observed high variations in carotenoid concentrations in analysed Romanian varieties: Calendulae flos contains 0.99-1.32 mg carotenoids/g dried flowers and Tagetes flos contains 0.52-3.72 mg /g.The variations can be due to differences in culture conditions and aspect of vegetal products. The high concentrations of carotenoids found in some varieties allow the selection of a good genetic material which is suitable for cultivation as natural sources of carotenoids