Publicatii USAMV Cluj-Napoca (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine / Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară din Cluj-Napoca)
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Studies Regarding the Combat of the Braches Burns Produced by the Phomopsis Vaccinii at Blueberry Bushes Cultivated in Maramures County
Get PDFThis study has examined the response of two species of the blueberry bushes: Elliot and Bluecrop cultivated in the climate conditions of the years 2014 and 2015 to the attack of the Phomopsis vaccinii; we have also testedand determined the biological efficiency of three fungicide products in order to recommend the best of them to be used in the bushes treatment. The attack was calculated by determining the disease frequency (F%) and its intensity (I%). We also calculated the biological efficiency for the three selected products, considered as being the best ones. We utilized the interrupted-linear setting method which consists of 5 plants/three repetitions / product and we monitored 3 plants from each repetition; 2 marginal plants were for untreated control. Our analysis of the two species pointed that the Bluecrop species has a much higher sensitivity against the pathogen than the one discovered in the Elliot species. The calculation of the biological efficiency proved that the best product Funguran OH 50 PW (90,5%) was followed by Alcupral 50 PU (88,8%) and the Copac ( 86,2%) for the Elliot variety, occupied the last place; the same hierarchy with smaller values was found for the Bluecrop variety
Optimization of Soil Tillage Systems and Fertilization for Maize Crop, in Turda area
Get PDFHow do you manage to achieve optimal conditions for growth and development of plants, which can only be achieved through the diversification of soil tillages and and executing their correctness. Moisture and nutritive stress during crop growing, symptoms of nitrogen or phosphorus deficiency are very common in plants grown on compacted land, so production can be significantly reduced.The experiment realized at A.R.D.S. Turda is focused about the influence of the soil cultivation system (conventional and minimum tillage), fertilizer and agricultural year on the soil humidity and yield at maize. In the minimum tillage system the water accumulates in the soil harder but it loses more slowly but comparative with the classic system when accumulates in easier but is lost more quickly. The two years taken into study, 2015 and 2016, were favorable for the realization of corn production so there were yields of over 7000 kg/ha
Mycorrhizal Structures in the Native Grasses from Cluj-Napoca Parks
Get PDFUrban parks are ecosystems with a dynamic directed by human intervention. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are symbionts with higher plants, with role in increasing the amount of nutrients needed to plant development. In roots, the fungi develops various structures for transfer or storage of nutrients. The grasses developed in the parks of the Cluj-Napoca city present typical mycorrhizal structures, including the two morphotypes of arbuscules. The colonization rate identified in the analyzed samples is over 75%, indicating a high number of propagules in soil. The dependence of arbuscles is higher to intensity than colonization frequency
The Hygienic Quality of Raw Romanian Goat Milk Depending on the Milking Season
Get PDFThe milk samples were yielded by manual milking from a goat farm that was maintained in extensive system, at monthly intervals during the production period (spring, summer, autumn). Goat milk from a traditional stall in the Maramures County, depending on the lactation period and the season has been analyzed in this study. The milk samples were collected aseptically and transported in laboratory for microbiological analysis. During springtime, when milking is done three times a day, and the amount of milk is higher, the total number of germs is 77.8×103 CFU/ml. A smaller number compared to the number of microorganisms recorded in the summer (97.3×103 CFU/ml) when milking is done twice a day and there are higher temperatures. During autumn, in the conditions of low milk production, at the end of the lactation period and when the samples are harvested only once a day, the number of microorganisms was 81.5×103 CFU /ml. Somatic cells from milk indicating an excess of the normal values especially towards the end of the lactation period. Particular attention should be paid to hygiene conditions when handling milk, to improve its quality. Thus, goat milk has a higher bacterial load (SPC) during summer, and SCC exceeds the recommended limits, especially in the autumn
Alternative Antimicrobial Formula for Plant Protection
Get PDFThe European Strategy regarding plant protection products encourages the research for solutions which strongly contribute to the agro-ecological transition. They should be able to provide effective and efficient products for both farmers and consumers, reducing the pesticides use. Previous studies reported that extracts prepared from different plant species are capable of inhibiting in vitro development of fungal phytopathogens. The aim of this research was the study of the antimicrobial activity of a plant protection formula composed by a mix of plant extracts. The final scope was establishing a proper treatment timing strategy for controlling primary infections. Therefore, the effectiveness of the mixed formula containing Humulus lupulus and Urtica dioica against Alternaria sp., the cause of early blight attacking several vegetable species, was studied. Experimentation plan was performed using standard methods for antimicrobial testing. The potential and limitations of plant extracts used to control early blight were discussed. The results obtained have potential practical applicability and are directed to the development of environmentally viable solutions for the design of bioproducts for plant protection. Better knowledge on this topic will help optimizing crop protection strategy, ensuring sustainable agricultural development
The Influence of Liquid Manure on Soybean Yield Characters in the Third Experimental Year
Get PDFSoybean yields could benefit from the use of improved varieties, nutrients and rhizobium inoculants. In this study we evaluated the influence of fertilization with liquid manure upon soybean yield in the 3rd experimental year, in climatic condition specific to the year 2016. The experiences were installed on Agricultural Research-Development Station Turda, on a chernozem soil. We followed the response of two soybean varieties to organic fertilization with liquid manure. In this regard we analyzed the number of nodules at the beginning and at the end of flowering and bean production. The results pointed out that in general Onix genotype recorded the highest values on bean production when 15 t/ha liquid manure were applied
Monitoring the Edible Chestnut Bark Cancer (Cryphonectria Parasitica) and its Prevention and Combat Measures in the Pedoclimatic Conditions of the Baia Mare Basin
Get PDFOur research aims to assess the chestnut tree health status in three various locations: Baia Mare, Tauti Magheraus, Baia Sprie, in order to find the most efficient methods to prevent and to combat the bark cancer which develops in the clime conditions of Baia Mare basin. The primary assessment was performed through the determination of the attack degree (AD %), of its frequency (F%) and its intensity (I%) . We took in observation 10 chestnut trees from each location. We determined the number and size of both trunk and branches lesions for each chestnut tree. The intensity of the attack in the three studied areas ranked from the highest intensity 47.5% for Baia Sprie location followed by the intensity of 33.0 % for Tautii Magheraus, to the intensity of 26.5% for Baia Mare. Our analysis performed after the administration of the combat chemical method, we found that this measure was not efficient because the infection did not diminish; thus we recommend the dry chestnut tree elimination, its hygiene cuts, using the biologic combat
Monitoring the Vegetation Communities on the Southern Slope of the Gutai Mountains on the Basis of Ecological Indices
Get PDFThe analysis of the composition on the ecologic categories of the mountain region flora of the southern slope of the Gutai Mountains was carried out to monitor the adaptive and evolutionary process of the species. To achieve the spectrum of the ecological categories consideration was given to the preferences of the species against the main ecological factors: edaphic humidity (U), air temperature (T) and soil reaction (R). The results obtained are well-suited to the ecological character of the mountain flora, the stenoionic species illustrate the neutrophilic acid character of soils, with some peculiarities related to the type of mother rocks
The Importance of Integrated Pest Control on Wheat Crops Production, during 2015-2016, at Agricultural Research-Development Station Turda
Get PDFIn the wheat crops of central Transylvania a rich complex of phytophagous insects species is reported. Species of thrips, aphids, leafhoppers, flies, cereal leaf beetle and cereal bugs, affects the level of production and quality indicators of wheat grains. In the period of 2015-2016, various integrated pest control models have been applied, watching their effect on the production and quality indicators of wheat, based on applied insecticide treatments, in the experimental lots at ARDS Turda. The results on the quantified production parameters showed oscillations over previous multiannual values, due to the special climatic conditions of 2015 and 2016, to the density of entomophagous and phytophagous insect populations, influenced by the applied treatment system. It is noted that in the years 2015-2016, characterized as exceptional years, with unfavorable thermal and pluviometric conditions, with much higher values than the multiannual average, the gluten and protein content, zeleny index have lower values than in the previous years, at ARDS Turda. The specific annual climate characteristics have a major influence on the production and quality of wheat. Also, pest control strategies have a major impact on the production parameters and qualitative indicators of wheat
Yield Response and Competition Ability of Italian Ryegrass, Red Clover and Their Mixture to Different Technological Conditions�
Get PDFThe effect of different technological conditions on forage yield, growth behavior and competition ability of ryegrass, red clover and their mixture was analyzed. The results showed that red clover makes better use of the nutrition space in the case of variants sown in mixture with Italian ryegrass than in the monoculture, independent of the density of the plants or fertilization regime. The highest DM production was obtained at the mixture formed by red clover and Italian ryegrass on the variants sown on 12.5 cm distance between rows, the increase of the nutrition space being directly proportional to the decrease of the DM production in the case of this forage mixture