Publicatii USAMV Cluj-Napoca (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine / Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară din Cluj-Napoca)
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EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF BLACKTHORN AND ROSE FRUITS
Get PDFWild fruits can be found in many different climates. They are full of nutrients and powerful plant compounds that are beneficiary for the human health. Although wild berries can be tart, they are quite versatile and can be enjoyed in many ways. The chemical composition and biological properties of blackthorn and rose fruits were evaluated, in order to valorize these products as sources of nutrients and nutraceuticals. Analyses for the determination of moisture, protein, fatty acids and ash were done in order to evaluate the nutritional composition of these wild fruits. From the analyzed samples, rose fruits had the highest nutritional value. The combination of bioactive compounds and rich nutritional composition of these wild berries, which have high carbohydrate content and low-fat content (constituted mainly of polyunsaturated fatty acids which are precursors of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids) make them a very valuable source in the human food diet
RESEARCH TRENDS IN ECOPHYSIOLOGY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS
Get PDFMedicinal plants have an important role in human life and wellbeing. Romania has a rich, unique, spontaneous medicinal flora. The sustainable environment of plant diversity growth and physiology of medicinal species have not been defined until now even if these plants are used by most of us for many purposes. Precious active principles which can be developed into a variety of medicine systems are stored in medicinal and aromatic plants. Medicinal plants have begun to flower earlier and shift their ranges up because of the climate changing. These shifting phenologies and ranges have the potential to cause great challenges to species’ survival. The climate change has also have been known to affect harvesters’ and cultivators’ abilities to grow or collect medicinal plant species. There is a need for more research into the effects of climate fluctuations on the medicinal plants in general. In particular these effects have not been well-studied and not fully understood. Recent advances in agronomy and plant physiology include a better understanding of the interactions mechanisms between crop genotypes and species, but not on the phenological changes under environmental stresses. This paper comes in an attempt to a better understanding of the medicinal plants population concerns in the climate change context on some physiological stages growth and environment stress factors
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANT PRODUCTS WITH ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL
Get PDFThe medicinal species Cynara scolymus, Cichorium intybus and Taraxacum officinale are known for their therapeutic properties, such as hepatoprotective, eupeptic, hypocholesterolemic, cholagogue, hypoglycemic, diuretic etc. The purpose of this comparative study was to determine the polyphenols content and the antioxidant potential of some natural products from these medicinal plants obtained from cultivated and spontaneous flora, but also purchased from commercial companies. The polyphenols contents (total polyphenols, flavonoids and caffeic acid derivatives) were spectrophotometrically determined. The samples from the spontaneous and cultivated flora revealed the highest polyphenolic contents: C. scolymus from culture (26.30 mg/g); spontaneous species C.intybus (26.01 mg/g) and T. officinale (32.56 mg/g). The antioxidant activity carried out with the DPPH· radical scavenging method and FRAP assay indicated that C. scolymus and T. officinale showed antiradical action in line with the polyphenol content. Medicinal plants products purchased from commercial companies had low concentrations of polyphenols, which led to low antioxidant activity or even no antioxidant potential. The large quantitative chemical differences between the studied samples highlights the need for controlling the quality conditions for the vegetable raw material, regarding the harvesting, drying, sorting, purification, preservation and storage
DATA REGARDING THE EVOLUTION OF HOP CULTIVATED IN ROMANIA
Get PDFHop is used worldwide and in Romania since ancient times. This paper presents: the origin, usage and evolution of hop crop. This plant is cultivated in order to ensure the necessary of cones (female inflorescences) for the beer industry, although the plant has other uses like: young shoots - as food (soups, salads, etc.), and cones - for therapeutic or aromatic purposes. In this paper we mention the period since when hops were cultivated and initiated in our country, then details how this culture has evolved to the present day. The evolution of hop crop in Romania is presented according to the following structure: the existing culture at the beginning of the 20th century; between the two world wars; in the period 1950-1970; the development of hop cultivation between 1970 and 1990 and the situation of hop cultivation after 1990 until 2020. It mentions the age of the use and initiation of hop cultivation in our country, then details how this culture has evolved to the present day
Studies Regarding Primary Succession in a Mine Tailing Pond from Bozanta, Maramureș County
Get PDFThe objective of this study is to carry out a vegetation study at the Bozanta’s tailing pond, located 5 km away from Baia-Mare.Between 2016 and 2017, using the metric frame, the existing species were identified and the following phytocenothic and population indices were determined: presence, frequency, presence classes, and the average abundance-dominance. Soil samples were taken to perform the following physico-chemical analyses: pH, P, K, N, humus and heavy metals.The floral inventory shows the presence of six tree species, four species of and 30 herbaceous species. Eleven years after the pond closure, the surface is covered with: 30% vegetation coverage, 35% water gloss and the 35% difference is occupied by arid. The average abundance-dominant synthetic indicator showed that the highest coverage is found in Betula pendula, Salix caprea, and in the grass species, Phragmites australis.The results of physicochemical analyses of the substrate showed very wide ranges of pH and different amounts of phosphorus, potassium and humus, and low amounts of nitrogen. The presence and concentration of the following heavy metals were determined from three samples: Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr. In regards to lead and chromium level, the alert threshold has not been reached
Using Soil and Foliar Applications of some Fertilizers to Improve the Yield and Quality Parameters of Table Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)
Get PDFThe objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of soil and foliar application of some fertilizers on the yield and quality of table grapes cv. Alkdarri. Soil and foliar fertilizer application treatments included a control, Ca 200 g/vine, K 150 g/vine, N 200 g/vine, Ca 30 g/L, grow more INC fertilizer 10 g/L, K 20 g/L, and Cu 5 mg/L. Results indicate that soil and foliar fertilizer application increases quality and quantity of table grapes compared to control treatment. The highest berry diameter, a weight of 100 berries and a size of 100 berries were obtained in vines treated with Ca 200 g/vine, using the soil application method. The highest cluster weight was obtained in vines that were treated with K 150 g/vine, using the soil application method. The highest berry firmness was obtained in vines that were treated with K 20 g/L using the foliar application method. The highest pH and TSS were obtained in vines treated with Cu 5 mg/L, using the foliar application method. The highest fruit yield was found in vines that were treated with 150 g K
EFFECT OF PRESERVATION METHODS ON THE BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF THYMUS VULGARIS
Get PDFThyme (T. is used mainly as a food seasoning, as a source of essential oils with applications in the food sector, but also as a worming and bactericidal agent in medicine . In this study, it was investigated the effect of different preservation methods on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the bioactive compounds from T. vulgaris The antioxidant properties and total phenols were examined using the stable 2,2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging method and Folin Ci ocalteu method during the storage process.The samples were subjected to screening for their possible antibacterial activities against some human pathogenic bacteria. Results demonstrated that thyme methanol extract possessed the highest antioxidant activi ty, when the plants were dried at room temperature in dark conditions. This storage method could be advisable either for medicinal or food industry usage. The study concluded that the optimal preserving method for thyme is drying at room temperature in lac k of light. After a 5 months storage period, the investigated bioactive compounds were found in high concentrations
Floristic Diversity and Pastoral Value of Permanent Grassland Fertilized in Conventional and Organic System
Get PDFPermanent grassland is the most complex natural ecosystem due to the biodiversity of the structural and functional elements that characterize the space and time unit of this ecosystem. From this point of view, in the case of this ecosystem, biodiversity is manifested by the richness of species as a result of the interactions between species and the biotope, the interspecific relations and the effects of the technology and usage applied to the improvement of these surfaces. The paper presents the results obtained in an experimental device placed on a permanent grassland of Festuca valesiaca + Festuca rupicola, from Caraş-Severin County, under conditions of mineral and organic fertilizers application (sheep manure and direct fertilization by sheep folding)
Study Regarding Growing and Development Stages at Soybean Genotypes
Get PDFSoybean is one of the most important sources of vegetable oil and protein. The aim of this study is to evaluate the behavior of 75 European soybean genotypes from four maturity groups regarding the influence of climatic conditions of 2020 on soybean main growing and development stages. The experiment was conducted at the ARDS Turda in 2020, using a complete randomized block design with three replications. Dates of emergence (VE) and beginning of flowering (R1), were recorded for all 75 soybean cultivars from each of the four maturity groups (000 to I). Results obtained show that growing, and development stages of the studied soybean genotypes are according both with: thermal units and daily period from sunrise to sunset. Effects of daylength and temperature on soybean development were estimated. The rate of development to flowering was fastest for the very early genotypes than for genotypes in the semi-early maturity group (MG)