Publicatii USAMV Cluj-Napoca (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine / Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară din Cluj-Napoca)
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Exploitation and Management of Low Input Grassland Systems
Get PDFBy this research the authors aimed to analyse the evolution and management of low-input grassland from a specific area in the Apuseni Mountains, in order to define what can be the result of a low input grassland system on the botanical composition of the grasslands and on the income of the farmers. In addition a full description of Flanders area with special attention to its grassland management is given, such that one can make a comparation between those two different cultures: the Province of East Flanders, Belgium and the area of Apuseni Mountains, Cluj County, Romania. Flanders (Belgium) and the area of Cluj County, Apuseni Mountains (Romania), are completely different not only in terms of their people with their own life-styles and culture, but also in terms of uses and management of arable land and grasslands
Genetic Analysis for Relationships between some Native Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus l.) Using RAPD Markers
Get PDFPrunus cerasus L. are an allotetraploid species from temperate climatic zone. The aim of this study was to characterize some native sour cherry genotypes from different orchards from Romania, based on RAPD markers. We used 14 primers RAPD to analyze a total of 14 varieties of sour cherries. After analysis, a good level of polymorphism was generated about only six primers (OPA 04, OPB10, OPA17, OPA20, OPA03 and OPB17) the rest of primers were considered monomorphic. The dendrograme separated the cultivars according to their genetic and geographic origin. The genetic similarity among the cultivars showed a good diversity between the genotypes, so we can suggest that our native cultivars of sour cherry can be considered as distinct genotypes for futures breeding programs and new cultivar identification. Results also confirm that the RAPD primers can be used for genetic studies and to evaluate the varieties for breeding programs
Relationship between Flag Leaf Characteristics and Main Yield Components in Oat (Avena sativa L.)
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to investigate relationships between leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll concentration, yield components and grain yield in oat (Avena sativa L.). Ten oat varieties were analyzed in field conditions regarding those traits. Flag leaf chlorophyll concentration range between 451.51 and 747.79 units of μmol of chlorophyll per m2. Also, leaf area index range between 13.68 to 32.84 cm2. Significant correlation indices were highlighted between yield components and leaf area index, yield/yield components and chlorophyll concentration of flag leaf
APPLE AND APPLE POMACE CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS - A REVIEW
Get PDFThe apple tree is one of the most important tree species in the world. This fruit tree has as its origin Oriental Asia and is also mentioned in ancient writings. Due to the ecological plasticity of the apple, the conditions of vegetation, is very widespread in the world, occupies the third place after the cultivation of bananas and oranges. Apples unsuitable for preservation or for superior harvesting are processed to obtain juices in the industrial system, resulting in very many residues. The apple powder is a natural product obtained by drying the apple residue that result's from the production of apple juice process. The powder obtained from the apple residue is an important source of fiber, vitamins, antioxidants, minerals, which bring many benefits to the body
Ecological Influences on Tuber Aestivum Distribution in the Subcarpathian Region of Transylvania
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to identify the ecological factors which have influences on distribution, development and habitat suitability of the summer truffle (Tuber aestivum) in the Sub-Carpathian region of Transylvania. The ecological factors such as average annual temperature (°C), average annual precipitation (mm/year), the length of the bioactive period (months), land slope (grade), slope orientation, soil pH and its compaction level were analyzed having specific influences on forest vegetation development in Sub-Carpathian hills, and in the same time on the possibility of symbiosis existence between the trees and summer truffle. The most favorable regions from the Sub-Carpathians of Transylvania for summer truffle growth proved to be Dealurile Năsăudului and Homoroadelor Sub-Carpathians followed by Muscelele Năsăudului and hills of Bistrița, where the average annual temperature is between 6,8-11°C with an average annual precipitation of 900 mm/year, a 3-6 months long bioactive period and high humus content of the soil
Assessment of Biomass Production on Pastoral Meadows in the Gutai Mountains
Get PDFThe mountains meadows plays a significant role in biodiversity and ecosystem functions. In the present study biomass productivity were examined in natural mounatins grassland in the region Gutai Mountains. The studied zone is being exploited by sheep and goat breeders. The determination of green mass production was established for an average of 11.6 t/ha m.v. and refusals represented 6.15 t/ha m.v. By empirical calculations we established the consumable production of 5.54 t/ha. These values of biomass production can be explained by the continuous exploitation of the pastoral resources, which affects the biodiversity. Overgrazing leads to the grassland degradation as a result of inadequate management of natural resources and, consequently, the decrease of pastoral value in the region
The Grain Yield Performance and Stability Characters of Several Spring Wheat Genotypes in Transylvanian Plain Conditions
Get PDFThe current study presents some stability parameters (coefficient of variation, environment variation, regression coefficient, deviation from regression, coefficient of determination and ecovalence) of grain yields and the main components of its. Twenty-two spring wheat cultivars were tested in yield trials during three years being analyzed the number of grains per spike, thousand kernel weight and spike density The genotypes: Durom and Marcius indicated over the experimental years, a high stability for grain yield, based on three or more parameters (CV, s2, b, sd2) and a good adaptation. Corso and Henica genotypes have a good stability for number of grains per spike with a medium number of grains, and TD 1524-71 is the most unstable genotype for thousand kernel weight. Regarding the correlation between stability parameters for analyzing characters there is a different and additional reaction according to differently performance of genotype
FLAX SEED OIL CHARACTERISTICS AS AFFECTED BY STRUCTURING OR BY ADDITION OF DRIED SATUREJA HORTENSIS L.
Get PDFThis paper presents a preliminary study focusing on flax seed oil characteristics as affected by structuring or by addition of dried Satureja hortensis L. Flax seed oil, summer savory enriched flax seed oil and flax seed oil oleogel were included in a short storage test at room temperature, peroxide values being monitored. The spreadability of the flax seed oleogel as compared to a standard commercial available breakfast spread was performed in order to assess the feasibility of a new potential product based on gelled flax seed oil. This preliminary study shows that both methods used proved an increased stability, further extensive studies being design in our lab for structuring optimization and demonstrating their mechanisms of action
Influence of Tillage Systems on the Degree of Weeding on Agricultural Crops at ARDS Turda
Get PDFPlants of spontaneous flora are in constant competition with culture plants for water, nutrients and other vegetation factors. The degree of weeding was determined in 2014-2016, at four crops - winter wheat, maize, soybeans and peas, cultivated in conventional tillage system and conservation tillage. Temperatures and precipitations registered on the vegetation period in three year had a high influence on the number of weeds found in agricultural crops, so in 2015 there was a smaller number of weeds than in 2014 respectively 2016. Of the species determined in this period is noted for annual dicotyledonous (most of them Chenopodium sp., Veronica sp. and Xanthium strumarium), and among the species of monocotyledonous species Echinochloa sp. and Setaria sp. which are found in all four cultures. In the case of the application of conservative tillage systems there is an increase in the number of weeds compared to the conventional tillage system. The average yields obtained by maize, soybean and peas at application of conservative tillage systems are close to the classical tillage system, the winter wheat yield was higher in the no tillage system than in the classical tillage system
MAIZE (ZEA MAYS), A PROSPECTIVE MEDICINAL PLANT IN ROMANIA
Get PDFMaize, Zea mays L. is considered to be one of the most important cereals cultivated in Romania. The maize has a high hectare production, maize grains have a high nutritional value, but a good capitalization of production, over 56 inquiries in various industries of both grains and corn plants For medicinal purposes from maize plants, stigmas are used the most (Maidis stigmata). These are important for their flavonoid content (0.1-6.3%), saponins (3%), volatile oils (0.2%), calcium and silicate salts, vitamins C, E, K, carbohydrates and allantoin. They have diuretic action, soothing in chronic cystitis and increase bile secretion, help eliminate water from tissues, favor heart disease and obesity