Publicatii USAMV Cluj-Napoca (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine / Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară din Cluj-Napoca)
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The Use of Rapeseed for Medicinal Purposes
Get PDFRapeseed are many components and ingredients in the human diet that were not very popular before, but nowadays play an important role in the prevention and treatment of some diseases that the world civilizations fight with. Due to the numerous compounds with health properties that some plants contain, they have become necessary for a normal lifestyle. In this respect, the rapeseed is one of the plants that are used for medicinal purposes, for the benefits that its oil brings to the human body. Rapeseed oil is an important agricultural crop, grown primarily for oil production. Oilseed rape is the second-highest yielding oil crop worldwide and accounted for 14% of world major oil crop production. Rapeseed oil has been shown to be useful not only for food and oil industry, but also for recovery, health improvement and it contributes to some disease prevention. Micronutrients in rapeseed as polyphenols, tacopherols, phytosterols and phospholipids may have benefits in reducing atherosclerosis, according to the latest researches. The usage of rapeseed oil as a food product as well as in the production of non nutrition products such as greases, lubricant oils and especially diesel fuel may increase the rapeseed production in the world (Fulton, 2004)
Health Benefits Of Consuming Legumes (Lentils, Chickpeas, Broad Bean)
Get PDFNowadays, legumes have gained more and more interest in developing healthy and functional foods. Numerous articles have reviewed the importance of legumes' macro and micro bioactive nutritional and phytochemical components and their health benefits. Although legumes have been consumed for thousands of years for their nutritional qualities, only in the last two or three decades has there been a particular interest in legumes as food and their potential impact on human health. It has been strongly suggested over time that legume consumption is beneficial in preventing and managing diabetes. Therefore, consuming a wide range of carbohydrates from legumes and other rich sources is generally recommended for both the general population and people with diabetes, especially those with type II diabetes. This review presents some of the benefits on human health of three of the less cultivated legumes in Romania (lentils Lens culinaris, chickpeas Cicer arietinum, broad bean Vicia faba), but with extraordinary potential from an economic, agricultural and nutritional point of view
Study of the allelopathic effects of Medicago sativa on the germination characteristics of Secale montanum
Get PDFThis study investigated the allelopathic effects of Medicago sativa L. on the germination characteristics of weed rye (Secale montanum L.) Guss. In order to study the allelopathic effects of different concentrations of aqueous extract (0, 10, 20 and 30%) of different M. sativa parts (root, leaves, stem and aerial parts of the plant including (stems, leaves and flowers) on initial growth of rye (S. montanum) seedlings a factorial experiment arranged in RCB design was carried out with three replications in the greenhouse of Agricultural College, Mahabad Islamic Azad University in 2017. The greenhouse data showed that the plant height, root and biomass dry weight of the weed decreased so that the declining trend had a significant effect (p≤0.05) on all traits of rye studied in the present experiment. Among the aqueous extracts of M. sativa that of the root had the greatest allelopathic potential. 
Monitoring of Epigean Beetles from the Grassland Located in Bilbor, Harghita County
Get PDFBarber traps were used to monitor the coleopteran fauna of grasslands in the Bilbor area. In 2017, 268 specimens were collected using Barber traps. They belong to 55 species, systematically classified in 13 families. Of the total catches, 58.2% are represented by phytophagous beetles and 41.8% of them are predatory beetles. Most catches belong to the Carabidae family, with 75 specimens represented by 14 species. Most of the specimens caught belong to the species Carabus ulrichii Germar. In 2018, 305 copies were collected. They belong to 56 species, systematically classified in 13 families. This year too, most catches belong to the Carabidae family, which means 25.9% of the total catches. Most of the captured specimens belong to the species Harpalus tardus Panz. In the two years, 573 beetles, belonging to 65 species, were captured. Of the species reported, 31 are phytophagous species and 34 are zoophagous. According to the Ecological Significance Index (W) 5 species are accessory with the value of the index between 1.1-5.0% (Carabus ulrichii Germar, Harpalus distinguendus Duft., Ips amitinus Eichh., Ips typographus L. and Olibrus affinis Sturm.)
A Report of Alien Species Icerya purchasi Maskell, as Pest of Rosmarinus officinalis Linné in Romania
Get PDFIcerya purchasi Maskell (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae), the cottony cushion scale is an invasive pest well known for its polyphagy which has preference for woody plants as many perennial ornamental shrubs and trees, also fruit and forest trees. The insect is recorded on many plant species belonging to more than 80 families, especially on Citrus spp. and many ornamentals. The damages produced by this scale has economic importance, sometimes the destroying entire orchards. The research concerning the record and identification of cottony cushion scale were carried out in spring of 2022 in Cluj-Napoca (Romania). The insects have been observed on Rosmarinus officinalis Linné and than collected, identfieded, prepared and photographed with the corresponding description
Valorization Of Crataegus monogyna In Gluten Free Pastry Manufacturing
Get PDFCeliac disease has no treatment, only a lifetime patients’ diets which must exclude gluten. Therefore, the development of new products without gluten is highly required. The aim of the present study is the valorization of hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) powder in different addition (3%, 6% and 9%) in biscuits manufacturing. Moisture, protein, ash, lipids, total phenols and antioxidant analysis were evaluated as well as sensorial analysis. The results showed that addition of hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) powder influence in a positive way the samples’ nutritional content and panelists appreciated the biscuits with 9% addition of hawthorn powder with the highest hedonic score of 8.50
Seed Composition Of Soybean And Its Significance For Human Health
Get PDFCultivated and used for various purposes for almost 5,000 years, considered the miracle plant of the twentieth century, soybean cultivation receives special attention due to the importance and wide diversity of its uses (Sin, 2000). Soybeans have been used in Asia and other parts of the world for many centuries to prepare a variety of fresh, fermented or dried foods (Probst, 1973). The importance of soybean crop is given by the chemical composition of the seeds, especially due the very high protein and fat content of the grains, which together represent about 60% of the weight of the seeds. Soybean seeds also contain carbohydrates (35%), 5% mineral salts, vitamins (A, B, B2, B6, PP, K, E) and enzymes (Bâlteanu, 1998; Muntean et al., 2014). It has valued functional properties for human health, being a natural source of isoflavones, with multiple benefits in human health, preventing cancer (Linz, 2004) and liver disease (Gudbrandsen, 2006)
Determination of Heavy Metal Content in Wine by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES)
Get PDFThe determination of minerals, trace elements and heavy metals in wine has a special importance both in the qualitative characterization of wines and in terms of consumers' health. At the same time, it can be an important factor in differentiating and authenticating wines based on their geographical origin. In this work is evaluated the content in heavy metals, minerals and trace elements by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), for five assortments of wines (Muscat Ottonel, Pinot Grigio, Fetească Regală, Merlot, Italian Riesling) obtained in the north-western area of Romania, in the wine-growing year 2021. Heavy metals found in the investigated wines were under the limits imposed by European standards
Correlations between the Height of Malva sylvestris Plants and Some Growth and Development Elements with a Determining Role on Herb Production
Get PDFThe present work aims to improve the necessary knowledge for the introduction into cultivation of Malva sylvestris L. These studies were carried out at the National Research and Development Institute for Potato and Sugar Beet Brasov, within the Department of Technology and Good Agricultural Practices, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Laboratory. Malva sylvestris L. (mallow) is an annual, biennial or perennial plant, common in areas with milder perennial climates. It is an herbaceous plant, has an erect stem, leaves, alternately arranged, long-petiolate, palmate-lobed with 5-7 lobes, with unevenly toothed edges. Mallow flowers are odourless, they have a mucilaginous taste. Petals vary from white - pink - emarginate ruffles. Concentric staminal filaments are arranged in a column surrounding the styles. It has been used for phytotherapeutic purposes since biblical times, in the treatment of internal and external inflammations, also in the form of poultices in the case of injuries. Literature has shown multiple biological effects in this species, from anti-inflammatory, healing, antibacterial and anticancer, antioxidant effects. During the experimental years, during the growing season, biometric determinations were carried out to highlight the phenological stages of vegetative and generative organ formation
Valorisation of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants by Creating of the Varieties with High Quality
Get PDFThe aim of the research was to improve the quality of medicinal plants by developing new varieties of Salvia sclarea, Lavandula angustifolia and Origanum vulgare. Plant material included 50 heterotic hybrids, 62 inbred lines, 8 varieties derived from hybrids with constant heterosis of S. sclarea; 9 varieties, derived from F1 hybrids of L. angustifolia; 7 varieties of O. vulgare ssp. vulgare, 15 varieties of O. vulgare ssp. hirtum. Early, medium, late inbred lines of S. sclarea were developed; low (0.458-0.700%), medium (0.701-1.000%), high (0.101-1.350%), very high (0.351-1.958 %) essential oil content. S. sclarea hybrids are characterized by their high essential oil content. Resistant to biotic and abiotic factors ‘Ambriela’ variety was developed. Productivity: 26.9t/ha raw material; essential oil content 1.175-1.185% (dry matter), essential oil production, 104.1 kg/ha. Resistant to biotic, abiotic factors varieties of L. angustifolia have been derived from F1 hybrids with the effect of heterosis. The L. angustifolia variety ‘Favoare’ has an essential oil content of 5.154% (dry matter), major components: linalyl acetate, 38.2%; linalool, 39.2%, inflorescence production, 7.4 t/ha, essential oil production, 155.2 kg/ha; ‘Svetlana’, late variety are distinctively by essential oil content 5.157% (dry matter), major components: linalyl acetate: 44,406%, linalool, 37,250%; inflorescence harvest: 7.7 t/ha; essential oil production, 179.2 kg/ha. The O. vulgare ssp. hirtum ‘Savoare’ variety was selected with production of raw matter, 8.9 t/ha; pharmaceutical herba production, 1.88 t/ha; essential oil production, 138 kg/ha; essential oil content, 3.877% (dry matter), major components: carvacrol, 83.917%. The O. vulgare ssp. vulgare ‘Panacea’ variety was developed with production of raw matter of 7.8 t/ha; essential oil production: 8.35 kg/ha. Essential oil content: 0.267% (dry matter). Major essential oil components: germacrene, 31.13%