South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH - Universität Bielefeld)
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Results of an in-depth survey on food security to study and improve household food security using knowledge in food science, nutrition, and food production technology in 10 provinces of Thailand after the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the factors affecting the food security of Thai households by using a food science perspective. The research employed quantitative methods, collecting data from 4,001 sample households across 10 provinces in Thailand using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) questionnaire. Results revealed that 75.38% of households were food secure, while 24.62% were food insecure. Key factors affecting food security included the household head\u27s education level, household income, agricultural activity, and natural disasters. Additionally, it was found that food-insecure households tended to consume food of lower quality and nutritional value. This study highlights the importance of developing food production and processing technologies and providing nutritional education to promote food security, leading to improved food quality, nutrition, and production technologies in the ten pilot provinces following the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing advancements in food production and processing technologies and providing knowledge in nutrition and marketing to the public
The Digital Transformation of SMEs and Territorial Economic Development: a Systematic Review and Literature Analysis
Full text linkNowadays, digital transformation is a major challenge for all companies, and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are no exception. Due to Industry 4.0 and increasing competition, SMEs are increasingly required to use digital technologies in order to enhance their productivity, competitiveness, and resilience. In this context, the impact of the digital transformation of SMEs on territorial economic development is increasingly attracting the attention of scientific and political researchers. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of the digital transformation of SMEs on territorial economic development. By conducting a systematic review and a thorough bibliometric analysis, we have mapped the state of research on this topic and identified trends, gaps, and major perspectives. The results of this study highlight the growing importance of digital transformation for SMEs as a catalyst for territorial economic development. The four identified research areas offer new opportunities for researchers and policymakers, highlighting the essential issues to consider in order to maximize the impact of digital transformation on territorial economic development
IMPACT OF ONLINE BANKING BEHAVIOUR OF MILLENNIALS DURING COVID PANDEMIC
Full text linkConsumer behaviour has been profoundly altered by the COVID-19 pandemic across a number of industries, with the banking sector being particularly affected by the limitations on in-person interactions and the quickening pace of digitalisation. Millennials are a tech-savvy generation that prefers digital solutions, and this study examines how the epidemic has affected their online banking habits. The study explores the ways in which the crisis affected millennials\u27 use of digital payment methods, internet banking platforms, and mobile banking applications. Convenience, security, and social distancing strategies are among of the factors that led to the development and greater dependence on online banking throughout the pandemic. The survey also identifies issues that millennials confront, like limited access to digital tools in some places and cybersecurity worries. The results of a poll of millennial bank clients show that they are increasingly using digital channels to manage their personal finances, prefer contactless payments, and do more online banking activities. The findings imply that in addition to hastening the digital revolution in banking, the epidemic has caused long-lasting shifts in customer behaviour that might extend past the crisis. For financial institutions hoping to improve their digital offerings in the post-pandemic period and adjust to the changing demands of millennial clients, this paper provides insightful information
ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI WHICH ISOLATED FROM SANSEVIERIA ROXBURGHIANA PLANT
Full text linkEndophytic microorganisms are lives in inside of the plant tissues without causing any infections or diseases in the plant. It may be transferred from environment to plant and plant bodies by some natural actions. A plant associated fungi are rich biodiversity group of microorganisms that lives in plant with asymptomatic conditions. It promotes plant growth by production of secondary metabolites. It also enhances the plant resistant nature against of insects, pest, biotic, abiotic stresses and against of some bacterial plant pathogens. The endophytic fungi can synthesis medically important components that involved in cancer treatment, diabetic and some diseases which caused by multidrug resistant bacteria. In this study, endophytic fungi which isolated from Sansevieria roxburghiana plant. A single potential fungal strain selected based on the antagonistic activity, used it for mass cultivation and identify the potential antimicrobial activity against of pathogenic bacteria
Epidemiology of Primary Brain Tumors in Anatomical Pathology Laboratory at National Brain Center Prof. Dr. dr. Mahar Mardjono Hospital Jakarta on 2021-2022
Full text linkBrain neoplasms constitute an infrequent pathology with a relatively low prevalence; nevertheless, they are associated with a noteworthy fatality rate. The aggregate occurrence of primary brain neoplasms is estimated at approximately 7 per 100,000 individuals per annum, representing merely 1.4% of all malignancies. The primary intent of this investigation is to delineate the descriptive epidemiology of brain neoplasms as observed within the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory at the National Brain Center (NBC) Prof. Dr. dr. Mahar Mardjono Hospital, Jakarta, spanning the years 2021 to 2022. This inquiry employs a descriptive epidemiological approach, utilizing medical archives of individuals diagnosed with primary brain neoplasms throughout the 2021–2022 period at the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of NBC Prof. Dr. dr. Mahar Mardjono Hospital, Jakarta. The data encompasses demographic attributes alongside clinical parameters, including neoplasm localization and classification. A cumulative 917 instances of primary brain neoplasms were documented (429 in 2021 and 488 in 2022). Of these, 41.6% (44.1% in 2021 and 39.5% in 2022) were identified in male individuals, whereas 58.4% (55.9% in 2021 and 60.5% in 2022) were observed in female individuals. The apex prevalence was discerned within the 41–50-year demographic (28.8%), with a distribution of 31.5% in 2021 and 26.4% in 2022. The predominant anatomical location was supratentorial (84.5%), with 84.8% in 2021 and 84.2% in 2022. The prevailing histopathological classification was meningioma (42.7%), comprising 42.6% in 2021 and 42.8% in 2022. Meningiomas were markedly more frequent in female individuals (80.9%), with an incidence of 77.9% in 2021 and 83.6% in 2022. Metastatic occurrences constituted 8.7% of cases (8% in 2021 and 9.3% in 2022). The predominance of primary brain neoplasms is discernibly higher in female individuals, with the zenith incidence observed within the 41–50-year age bracket. Meningiomas emerge as the foremost histological subtype, predominantly localized within the supratentorial compartment
Multi-Stage CNN with Minimum Duplication Maximum Correlation Method for Pap Smear Images Classification
Full text linkCervical cancer is a fatal disease that threatens women\u27s lives. It is frequently discovered in an advanced stage and cannot be cured. Cervical cancer is a preventable disease, and one of the most effective methods of prevention is to get regular pap tests. Pap tests detect pre-cancerous cells, which can be treated before they turn into cancer. Generally, a cytopathologist uses a microscope to do Pap smear image analysis. Pap smear images are likely to contain thousands of normal and malignant cells. Due to the cytopathologist\u27s error, the pre-cancerous stages of mild to moderate dysplasia and moderate dysplasia cells are frequently overlooked. In recent times, advanced technology such as automated computer-assisted image analysis (ACIA) has been used to improve the accuracy and efficiency of Pap smear image analysis. The design of ACIA for Pap smear image analysis is mostly based on CNN. In the existing studies based on CNN, emphasis has been placed primarily on accuracy. As a result, increasingly complex CNN architectures with high computational costs for Pap smear image analysis have been developed. The primary goal of this study is to create a CNN model that is both lightweight and computationally efficient for intelligent Pap smear image analysis. The proposed multi-stage CNN architecture utilizes two CNN models. In Pap smear images, the initial CNN model efficiently separates complex cells from the background. The creation of a second CNN model for the extraction of Pap smear image features. This study introduces the Minimum Duplication Maximum Correlation (MDMC) method to reduce redundant and undesired features. This significantly reduces the processing resources that the classification models usually require. Finally, multiclass SVM is used to separate the seven types of normal and abnormal cells from Pap smear images. To achieve a precise accuracy analysis, training efficiency analysis, and computational efficiency analysis of the proposed method, the model is trained and validated using various data set combinations. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is more accurate at classifying seven types of normal and abnormal cells, has very little training loss, and consumes fewer computational resources for classification and model training
Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Microscopic Lumbar Discectomy by Fenestration- An Analysis of 1000 Cases
Full text linkBackground: The first reports of lumbar discectomy for PLID date back to the 1920s. In the USA, this is the most often performed surgical spine operation. Although there is a wide variety of published data showing generally satisfactory surgical outcomes, the success rate for lumbar discectomy falls between 49% and 90%. Follow-up studies investigating the clinical results of lumbar discectomy by fenestration are uncommon in our nation. As neurosurgeons, we refer to it as the ABC of neurosurgery. Although some refer to it as the "bread and butter" of neurosurgeries, this procedure is crucial for neurosurgeons. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the long-term outcome of microscopic fenestration & discectomy and relevant factors associated with clinical outcome. Methods: The retrospective study was conducted in the department of neurosurgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from March 2018 to February 2024. A total of 1000 patients (Min and Max follow-up was done by 6 months and 72 months respectively) were included in the analysis. Patients who underwent Microscopic lumbar discectomy by fenestration were evaluated retrospectively, using the Modified Oswestry disability index (ODI; 0-20 minimal, 21-40 moderate, > 41 severe disability) and the Stauffer-Coventry criteria (excellent\u27, \u27good\u27, \u27fair\u27, \u27poor\u27) to measure clinical outcomes. Results: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, A total of 1000 apparent patients were included in the study. Most of the 360(36.0%) patients were within the age group of 35-44 years. The mean±SD age of the patients was 38.6±1.3 years. Most of the patients 720(72.00%) were male and 280(28.00%) patients were female. The mean onset of preoperative pain was 9.6±3.3 months. Follow-up period was 39.6±3.2 months. At final follow-up, patients were rated as \u27excellent\u27 777(77.7%), \u27good\u27 173(17.3%), \u27fair\u27 30(3.0%) and \u27poor\u27 10(1.0%) using the Stauffer-Coventry criteria. Heavy manual work, heavy weight, uncontrolled diabetic and elderly were significantly associated with unsatisfactory outcomes. Conclusion: The long-term outcome of Microscopic lumbar discectomy by fenestration was satisfactory in the majority of patients. Heavy manual work, Heavy weight, elderly were negative predictors of a good clinical outcome
A study to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured teaching program on breast self-examination among adult women in a selected rural area of Visnagar, Gujarat
Full text linkBackground: Breast cancer continues to be an important public health issue, and early detection using breast self-examination (BSE) helps decrease mortality rates. In spite of its utility, awareness and practice of BSE among youth are low. This research investigated the effectiveness of a structured educational program in enhancing knowledge about BSE among adolescent girls in Visnagar.Methods: A pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental research design was utilized, with 50 adolescent girls recruited by purposive sampling. A structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the data prior to and subsequent to the delivery of the teaching program. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were undertaken and a paired t-test was applied for determining the significance of the intervention.Results: The results indicated that pre-test knowledge was poor among most participants (41.7%). But, post-intervention, 66.7% of theparticipants showed good knowledge. The mean post-test (16.9) was markedly greater than pre-test (10.06) with a value of paired t-test 40.12 (p < 0.001). No correlation between demographic characteristics and levels of knowledge was significant, except information sources, which significantly affected.
Conclusion: The research highlights the efficacy of systematic educational interventions in promoting knowledge and awareness ofBSE. Incorporating such programs into community health programs can have a significant impact on early detection practices, leading to improved health outcome
Study Of Impact On Dietary Pattern Of Children During And Following COVID-19 Lockdown In Various Socio Economic Groups
Full text linkBackground The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns had significant effects on lifestyle and dietary behaviors, particularly among children. Changes in food accessibility, increased screen time, reduced physical activity, and psychological stress contributed to altered dietary patterns across various socioeconomic groups. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the dietary patterns of school-going children from differentsocioeconomic backgrounds and to assess whether these changes persisted post-lockdown.Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 385 school-going children (ages 11-18) in Noida and Greater Noida. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect data on meal composition, snacking habits, and consumption of various food groups before, during, and after the lockdown. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0, with a significance level set at p<0.05.Results Snacking and fast-food consumption increased during lockdown, with 13% of children maintaining these habits post-lockdown. While staple food intake remained stable, processed food consumption (bread, biscuits, pasta, ice cream, chocolates) rose after restrictions lifted. Fruit and vegetable intake improved, but sweets and sugary beverage consumption also increased. Socioeconomic status influenced food accessibility and choices. Conclusion The COVID-19 lockdown increased snacking and processed food intake, with some persistent unhealthy habits. While fruit and vegetable consumption improved post-lockdown, targeted nutritional interventions are needed to promote healthier eating
Design and Implementation of Electronics based IoT-Enabled Smart Health Monitoring System
Full text linkIoT widely utilized to address available medical resources and provide elderly patients with fast, effective, and trustworthy healthcare services. A paradigm in which the advantage of IoT may be utilized aimed at improving lifestyle of elderly grown-ups is health monitoring for active and assisted living. A healthcare-specialized IoT structure is introduced within this research. The data is gathered by the proposed architecture and forwarded to the cloud for dispensation and examination. Feedback actions can be received by the user based on the analysis of data. In order to present the enactment advantage of the proposed architecture, a prototype has been developed. Remote healthcare is of great importance for elderly and medically challenged people because it requires end-to-end networking among people, medical equipment, and service providers. Low-power, cost-effective, reliable, and wearable devices are required for spreading eminence of life. Healthcare is emphasizing home-based health care services, collaborating with ICT to reduce time consumption, improve accuracy, and interoperable platforms. Internet of Things is quickly unfolding, and 50 billion expedients will be internet associated by next few years. This implies a health monitoring system comprising of a portable remote unit and a monitoring centre for heartbeat rate, pulse rate, and temperature readings. The centre offers real-time analysis and alert warnings, but is not portable. The system employs wireless sensor technology to obtain vitality data and send it to an IoT server