South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH - Universität Bielefeld)
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RISK ENVIRONMENT AND THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF PROBLEMATIC DRUG USE AMONGST YOUNG MEN IN A LOW-INCOME NEIGHBOURHOOD IN MAKASSAR, INDONESIA
Full text linkProblematic use of drugs is an important public health issue with various and intersecting consequences. This study explores the lived experience of young men in a low-income neighbourhood commonly named lorong in Makassar, Indonesia, who are dependent on drugs and suffer from various forms of drug addiction consequences e.g. psychological, financial, health, legal and social impacts. Employing qualitative-phenomenological approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 problematic drug users and observation to their daily life as well as the physical and social environment of the lorong. The study found that problematic drug users live in a drug risk environment, they were deeply embedded in the street culture, risk-taking practices and drug scene within their locality. Their unemployment, the pursuing status of rewa (a local construct of masculinity), the search for instant gratification, pleasure and excitement are the context and reasons for their drug initiation, drug maintenance and escalation into problematic drug use. Informants experienced severe, multiple and intersecting consequences (psychological, financial, health, social and legal) from their problematic drugs use. Though most informants had tried to quit their problematic drug use through various methods, most relapsed due to their deep engagement in drug subculture in this locale. To enable them overcoming their problematic drug use, concerted psychological, economic, health, social programs needed to enable them to break the vicious circle of unemployment, alienation, destructive masculinity and risk-taking practices. These multiple programs should be organised to transforming problematic drug users at individual level as well as reforming their social environment
SYNTHETIC APPROACHES OF ISATIN DERIVATIVES AS AN ANTI-CANCER AGENT
Full text linkIsatin (1H-Indole-2,3-dione) and its derivatives are an important class of Heterocyclic compounds and are majorly used as a Precursor for drug Synthesis. Since its discovery, so many research work has been done for synthesis, chemical & biological activity, and also its industrial applications. In this, we have reported several novel derivatives of N-, C-2 & C-3 substituted isatin For pharmacological activity. Here, in this study modification at C-2 and/ or C-3 carbonyl functionalities, leads to novel isatin derivatives as an anticancer activity. N- substituted novel derivatives are effective inhibitors of Carbonic anhydrase isoform IX, the form which is found to be over-expressed in a large number of solid tumors. Here also A wide range of C3-substituted isatins, like thiosemicarbazones, oxindoles, and their derivatives, imines, and hydrazones, have been synthesized. We have also summarized some recently reported biological activities exhibited by isatin derivatives, anticancer, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, and others. Special attention has been paid to their anti-cancer activity, and various anti-cancer targets such as histone deacetylase, carbonic anhydrase, tyrosine kinase, and tubulin against a variety of human cancer cell lines have been discussed in detail. 
Predictors of Mortality in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis: The Role of Serum Lactate, Dehydration, and Admission Blood Sugar Levels
Full text linkBackground : Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe complication of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) in children, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The mortality rate varies between <1% in developed countries and 3-13% in developing countries. Effective management of DKA necessitates accurate prognostic assessment to prevent adverse outcomes. This study investigates the role of serum lactate levels, severe dehydration, and admission blood sugar levels as predictors of mortality in pediatric DKA.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over one year at SMGS Hospital, Jammu. It included pediatric patients (0-17 years) diagnosed with DKA. Data were collected on demographics, clinical features including severity of dehydration and laboratory findings including admission blood sugar , blood gas and urinalysis analysis, and treatment details. Outcomes assessed were length of hospital stay, intensive care requirements, and mortality.Results: Fifty patients (50% male, median age 10.5 years) were studied. The mortality rate was 8%. Non-survivors had significantly higher mean serum lactate (7.95 mmol/L vs. 5.97 mmol/L; p=0.043) and blood sugar levels (521.5 mg/dL vs. 367.83 mg/dL; p=0.001) compared to survivors. Severe dehydration was present in 100% of non-survivors vs. 13.04% of survivors (p=0.0009). Despite these findings, multivariate regression did not identify any variable as an independent significant risk factor for mortality.Conclusion: Elevated serum lactate levels, severe dehydration, and high admission blood sugar levels are associated with increased mortality in pediatric DKA. These findings highlight the need for precise assessment and management to improve outcomes. Further research is necessary to validate these predictors and optimize DKA management strategie
Sexually transmitted infections in Morocco: acceptance of expedited partner therapy in a context of social vulnerability
Full text linkBackground and objectives: Untreated partners contribute to high rates of reinfection with sexually transmitted infections. Partner treatment, therefore, remains an important element in the treatment and control of these infections. In this context, the present study aims to investigate the acceptability, for women of childbearing age, of expedited partner treatment in the presence of a sexually transmitted infection syndrome and to determine the associated factors.Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in urban and rural health centers in the province of Essaouira, Morocco. All women of childbearing age who consulted the health centers and agreed to complete the questionnaire were recruited. A questionnaire was used to study respondents\u27 acceptance of partner treatment in the presence of a sexually transmitted infection syndrome. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed.Finding: A total of 1100 women of reproductive age participated in the study. The average age of the respondents was 30.6 years ± 8. In total, 53.5% of respondents said they would agree to give their partner expedited therapy to the partner. The multivariate analysis found that the acceptability of expedited therapy is correlated with marital status, distance to care facilities, educational level, and socio-economic level according to household income.Conclusions: More than half of the 1100 women of childbearing age surveyed accepted the idea of expided partner therapy. In this sense, the implementation of partner support strategies, including education and outreach programs, should be considered to anchor preventive behaviors related to these infections
Health Promotion in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases in Populations with Disabilities through Pharmacological Strategies
Full text linkCardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. People with disabilities are a vulnerable population with an increased risk of developing CVD due to factors such as reduced mobility and limited access to health services. This article analyzes the efficacy of pharmacological strategies in promoting cardiovascular health within this population, evaluating recent interventions and proposing comprehensive approaches that combine pharmacological treatment with lifestyle modifications
Complex Coordination Psychomotor Skill
Full text linkIn any physical activity, basic motor activities are very important and interdependent structures that appear with special features from which they have also taken the name, such as: walking, running, jumping, dragging, rhythm, orientation motor etc. In this context, coordinating skills have specific features as important as all other motor activities. Activities and sports taught in physical education classes generally involve multiple degrees of freedom (i.e., the entire body). This being the case, pupils generally will be using dual processes of coordination and control to learn skill in these activities. These distinct processes satisfy different requirements for production of skilled physical activity, and require different types of information for each of these to be learned. Knowledge of performance regarding movement coordination will likely be more beneficial early on in learning. KR facilitates control of movements and is likely to be your best bet later on in learning. However, factors such as the demands of activity being learned, level of skill that athlete is seeking to achieve, and how much retention of learning is needed also need to be kept in mind. Coordination skills are a necessary component for development of children\u27s movements, which are developed and educated through time of concern that is devoted to them
CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL OUTCOME OF C1 LATERAL MASS AND C2 PEDICLE SCREW INSERTION-A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Full text linkBACKGROUND: The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is a complex transition between the skull and the upper cervical spine, the brain and spinal cord respectively. Thus any bony abnormality at the CVJ involves not only the bony structures but also the encompassed nervous system. The atlantoaxial joint (C1-C2 joint) is characterized by a high degree of mobility and little intrinsic stability. Atlantoaxial instability can occur when any part of the components are damaged by trauma, inflammation, neoplasm or congenital defects. The clinical presentation of atlantoaxial instability (C1-C2 instability) varies from mild symptoms such as high posterior cervical pain to severe presentation as different grades of myelopathy.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was carried out at the Department of Neurosurgery, Manipal Hospital, Old Airport Road, Bangalore over a period of 4 years (from April 2016 to April 2020).The sample size was 30. All patients admitted were between 18-78 years of age with atlantoaxial instability and underwent posterior C 1 lateral mass and C 2 pedicle screws fixation.The patients were clinically and radiologically assessed post-operatively at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year. Chi-square test or Fischer’s exact test was used as test of significance for qualitative data. Mc Nemar’s test was used as test of significance for paired qualitative data. Continuous data was represented as mean and standard deviation. Paired t test was the test of significance for paired data such as pre op vs postop for quantitative data.RESULTS: In our study a clinically significant improvement was noted in terms of neck pain and myelopathy according to the Modified Japanese orthopaedic association score (MJOA-score), Nurick’s grading and visual analogue scale (VAS) on interval follow up of 3 months, 6 months and 1 year with a significant p value < 0.01 as well as significant bony fusion was noted radiologically according to the X ray and CT fusion criteria used in our study.CONCLUSION: This is one of the few studies where both clinical and radiological outcomes of posterior C1 lateral mass and C2 pedicle screw fixation have been assessed.The fusion rates of this study are comparable to transarticular technique of C1 C2 screw fixation by the CT and X ray fusion criteria where 100 % fusion rates have been reported
The Role Of Academic Flow In The Academic Achievement Of Secondary School Students
Full text linkThe concept of learning flow plays a crucial role in influencing academic achievement. When students encounter challenging tasks, experiencing frustration can hinder their ability to effectively engage with their studies. Without a productive learning process, students may struggle to meet academic expectations, which can lead to disengagement or even dropout. Therefore, fostering a positive learning flow is key to overcoming obstacles and promoting persistence. The pursuit of academic excellence remains a central goal for students, as it not only shapes their educational journey but also unlocks future career opportunities and contributes to personal growth. Flow, often described as a state of intense focus and immersion in a task, has become a critical factor in determining academic success. When students enter this state, they are able to push through difficulties and perform at their highest potential, ultimately enhancing both their educational outcomes and overall well-being. The study sample comprised secondary school students enrolled in CBSE schools under the Central Government in the Vijayawada region, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh. A total of 1000 of 9th-grade students were selected, representing both rural and urban areas within the district. The findings indicated that there is a positive correlation between Academic Flow and Academic Achievement among secondary school students
AN ANALYSIS OF NARRATIVE TECHNIQUES IN BAMA’S KARUKKU
Full text linkThe fragmented structure, oral storytelling customs, and the interaction between individual and collective narratives are the main topics of this study\u27s analysis of the narrative strategies used in Bama\u27s Karukku. The examination looks at how these methods give Dalit literature validity while upending traditional literary structures. The problem identification, literature evaluation, methodology, analysis, and conclusion are all part of the research\u27s structured approach. By closely examining Karukku, this study demonstrates how Bama\u27s distinctive storytelling approach amplifies the impact of her socio-political critique, ultimately adding to the larger conversation about religious discrimination, gender injustice, and caste oppression