South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH - Universität Bielefeld)
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Milk and Ayurveda: Unlocking the Secrets of Nutrition, Digestion, and Longevity
Get PDFMilk has been a fundamental part of the human diet for millennia, and in Ayurveda, it is regarded as a vital source of nourishment, health, and longevity. This article explores the multifaceted role of milk in Ayurveda, delving into its numerous health benefits, the different types of milk consumed across society, and the proper ways to consume milk based on Ayurvedic principles. It also highlights the importance of understanding the source, quality, and digestion power of milk to maximize its health benefits. The article emphasizes the critical factors such as the type of cow, buffalo, or goat milk, the proper preparation techniques, and the appropriate time for milk consumption for optimal health. By following Ayurvedic guidelines, milk can be an incredibly potent substance for improving vitality, balancing doshas, and promoting overall well-being.
Analysis of Cognitive Abilities in Students using Feature Optimization on EEG Signals
Get PDFThe characterization of brain activity during cognitive load is a topic of growing interest in the scientific community. The electroencephalography technique has been extensively utilized for this purpose, providing valuable insights into the neural correlates of cognitive processes. In this work, EEG recordsobtained from the Physionet repositoryare analyzed, which are recorded while subjects performed mathematical tasks. The study divides the total 36 signals into two groups: "Good" and "Bad", potentially reflecting different levels of cognitive ability. Various temporal, frequency, and wavelet features were extracted from the EEG data using various signal processing techniques. These features were then classified using a range of machine learning techniques, including Multilayer Perceptron, Support Vector Machines,K-Nearest Neighbors, Linear Discriminant Analysis, and Naive-Bayes. Further the results compared with those obtained after applying feature optimization techniques, such as Particle Swarm Optimization,Genetic Algorithms, Firefly Algorithm, Sequential Floating Forward Selection, and Sequential Forward Selection. The experimental findings suggest that the KNN classifier optimized with FFA is particularly effective in characterizing brain activity under mental cognitive conditions with an accuracy of 95.17%, precision of 95.47%, recall of 91.52%, F1-score of 93.28%, and a False Positive rate of only 4.53%.The outcomes highlight the potential of proposed approach for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive abilities
Impact Of Self-Efficacy On Academic Achievement Of Secondary School Students
Get PDFPrevious studies have highlighted the crucial role of self-efficacy in shaping students\u27 learning outcomes and academic success. Self-efficacy refers to a person\u27s confidence in their capacity to complete a particular task successfully. The goal of this paper is to explore the processes through which self-efficacy develops, its impact on students\u27 academic performance, and how it affects their social interactions with peers. By understanding the development of self-efficacy, we can better comprehend how it shapes students\u27 confidence in their academic abilities, how they approach challenges, and how it affects their relationships with classmates and their overall academic environment. This paper will also consider the role of teachers, feedback, and personal experiences in fostering self-efficacy and supporting students in their academic journeys. The study sample comprised secondary school students enrolled in CBSE schools under the Central Government in the Vijayawada region, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh. A total of 100 9th-grade students were selected, representing both rural and urban areas within the district. The findings from the entire sample indicate that these students exhibit a constructive learning approach, with their performance falling above the average level
Relationship Between Shock Index and Serum Cystatin C Values with the Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Critical Patients with Vasodilation Shock at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya
Get PDFIntroduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is linked to a higher death rate in individuals experiencing vasodilatory shock exceeding 50%. Early detection and intervention are very important in improving prognosis. Some promising tests for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury are serum Cystatin C (CysC) and shock index (SI). Objectives: The main focus of this research is to examine the possibility of early diagnosis of AKI using serum CysC biomarkers in critically ill patients with vasodilatory shock compared with shock index. Methods: This cross-sectional study with a simple random method involves 36 samples which included adult patients with critical illness with vasodilatory shock who were treated in ICU of Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. Results: There is a significant association between SI and delta creatinine (r=0.352; p=0.035); between serum Cystatin C and delta creatinine (r=0.535; p=0.001); and between SI and AKI incidence (r=0.432; p=0.034). While the relationship test between serum Cystatin C and AKI incidence was not significant (r=0.025; p=0.449). ROC curve test showed that the SI had an AUC of 0.725 with a sensitivity of 55.0% and a specificity of 81.25% while serum Cystatin C had an AUC of 0.747 with a sensitivity of 60.0% and a specificity of 93.75%. Conclusions: Shock index and serum Cystatin C could serve as valuable early indicators for anticipating AKI occurrences in critical patients experiencing vasodilatory shock. Cystatin C outperforms Shock Index in predicting AKI, showing superior results in terms of AUC, sensitivity, and specificity
Formulation and In-vitro Characterization of floating microcapsules as gastroretentive drug delivery system containing Itopride hydrochloride by W/O/O multiple emulsion solvent diffusion technique
Get PDFItopride hydrochloride loaded floating microcapsules were prepared by W/O/O multiple emulsion solvent diffusion method using ethyl cellulose and eudragit RSPO 100 as drug release rate controlling polymers. Drug containing aqueous phase was emulsified in ACN: DCM primary organic phase. This W/O primary emulsion was further emulsified in continuous phase (light liquid paraffin) containing emulsifying agent (span 80).Formulated microcapsules were harvested by filtration and subsequent washing with petroleum ether. Further microcapsules were evaluated for flow properties, %product yield, particle size, %EE, buoyancy, in-vitro drug release, SEM, FTIR and DSC analysis.Floating microcapsules were prepared with varying proportions of EC and eudragit RSPO 100. Microcapsules containing drug: EC: Eudragit RSPO 100 (Formulation F5) in proportion of 1:2:1shows desired properties. All formulations show good to excellent flow properties. F5 formulation shows 91.41± 2.84% production yield, mean particle size was29.39± 5.45µm, %buoyancy 88.27±1.75%, EE 98.53±0.349%. Cumulative % drug release from microcapsules of F5 formulation was 98.99± 1.90% in 24hours and following Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic model for drug release with R2 value 0.9805. SEM analysis revealed formation of spherical microcapsules with rough surface indicates encapsulation of drug within polymer coat. FTIR and DSC analysis shows no interaction between drug and polymers used in formulation.Formulated multiple unit floating gastroretentive microcapsules of Itopride hydrochloride have potential to delivered drug in upper part of GIT for extended period of time, thereby reducing dosing frequency, enhance bioavailability and improved patient compliance
Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study at Mubarak Hospital, Peshawar
Get PDFPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, with significant implications beyond reproductive health, including metabolic and psychological challenges. Vitamin D deficiency is commonly observed in women with PCOS and is associated with insulin resistance, a key feature of this condition. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic and endocrine parameters in 180 premenopausal women diagnosed with PCOS and exhibiting vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] < 75 nmol/L). Participants received either vitamin D or a placebo for 24 weeks, with follow-up assessments conducted at 12 weeks to explore short-term effects. The primary outcome was the change in plasma glucose area under the curve (AUCgluc), while secondary outcomes included serum testosterone levels and menstrual frequency. Preliminary findings indicate that vitamin D supplementation may lead to significant improvements in metabolic profiles and endocrine abnormalities associated with PCOS. Further analysis is required to establish the robustness of these findings and solidify vitamin D\u27s role as a potential adjunct therapy in managing PCOS
Royal Jelly Potentially Reduces Oxidative Stress and Inflammation after Physical Activity: A Systematic Literarure Review
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze and highlight the potential of Royal Jelly in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation after physical activity/exercise. This study used a systematic literture review (SLR) method by searching in various journal databases such as Scopus, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria in this study were articles published within the last 15 years and articles that discussed Royal Jelly, Free Radicals, and Physical Exercise. A total of 1837 articles from the Scopus, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases were identified. A total of 13 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed for this SLR. For operating standards, this study followed the PRISMA assessment. The results of this systematic research review reported that the flavonoid content found in Royal Jelly has anti-oxidant properties. In addition, Royal Jelly\u27s anti-inflammatory properties can reduce uncontrolled inflammation caused by intense physical activity and exercise. In this case, royal jelly works by inhibiting inflammation by increasing the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-10), which show significant pro-inflammatory effects such as TNF-α. We recommend royal jelly be used in individuals to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation caused by intense physical activity and exercise
Performance Analysis on Deep Learning State of Art Algorithms for Object Recognition
Get PDFThe goal of computer vision, a subfield of computer science, is to replicate some of the intricacies of the human visual system so that machines can recognize and interpret images and videos in the same manner that humans do. Until recently, computer vision was only used in a restricted capacity. In the past few years, artificial intelligence has advanced significantly, outperforming humans in a number of tasks involving object detection, recognition, and classification. This has allowed computer vision to grow exponentially in terms of increasing the precision with which machines can recognize the objects in and around the surrounding environment. A computer vision technology called object recognition helps find and identify objects in a series of images and videos. Despite the fact that the image of the things varies in different viewpoints, different sizes and scales, or when they are translated or rotated, humans can recognise a large number of objects in images with minimal effort. Even when partially obscured from view, human vision system has the greatest capability to identify the objects. Whereas, for computer vision systems, this task is still a difficulty. Over the years, several different approaches and innovations in the algorithm have been tried to impose the human’s capability into a computer’s vision system. This paper provides a thorough investigation on the evolution of Object Recognition algorithms, datasets used and its performance metrics in a precise manner which will guide the future researchers a direction to proceed their research in innovating algorithms with better accuracy
Impact of Implementation of GST Among Retailers with Special Reference to Valanchery Municipality, Kerala
Get PDFThis research paper explores the impact of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) on retailers in Valanchery Municipality, focusing on their awareness, perception, and the practical challenges encountered since its implementation on July 1, 2017. GST represents a significant shift in India\u27s indirect tax regime, aimed at unifying the tax system and simplifying compliance. The study uses a quantitative approach, collecting data from 100 retailers through a structured questionnaire and analyzing it with statistical methods. Findings reveal that while GST has led to increased compliance and some positive economic outcomes, retailers face ongoing challenges related to tax procedures and documentation. The study offers insights for policymakers and recommendations for improving GST compliance among retailers
Enhancing Optical Coherence Tomography Images Of Central Serous Retinopathy Using EAC-NLM Algorithm: A Quantitative Evaluation
Get PDFIntroduction: The intricacies involved in retinal imaging make it difficult to accurately diagnose and track Central Serous Retinopathy (CSR). This disorder is characterized by anomalies in the layers of retina that make up the retina as well as fluid leaking that usually happens around the macula. Objectives: Pressure from the condition builds up inside the layers of the retina, causing the retinal walls to separate and impede vision. This study explores the application of the proposed Enhanced Adaptive Contrast Non-Local Means (EAC-NLM) algorithm to enhance Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images of CSR. The study utilized OCT images from Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, acquired using a Spectralis OCT scanner. Methods: A dataset comprising macula-centered SD-OCT scans of 50 eyes for testing and 10 images for training was processed. Each OCT volume image had a resolution of 512 × 128 × 1024 voxels with voxel dimensions of 10.90 × 45.00 × 2.00 μm³. Results: Quantitative evaluation using image quality metrics further substantiates the effectiveness of EAC-NLM. The denoised images of proposed EAC-NLM show high structural similarity (SSIM: 0.9850), excellent fidelity (PSNR: 45.0000 dB), and minimal error (MSE: 2.500e-05) compared to the original, validating the algorithm\u27s effectiveness in enhancing OCT images for CSR diagnosis. Conclusions: This study explores the application of the proposed Enhanced Adaptive Contrast Non-Local Means (EAC-NLM) algorithm to enhance Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images of CSR