South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH - Universität Bielefeld)
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AN ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS OBESITY AMONG A SAMPLE OF COLLEGES STUDENTS IN KARBALA PROVINCE - IRAQ
Get PDFBackground: Obesity is a significant global public health issue, becoming increasingly prevalent as dietary habits and physical activities change. It is linked to conditions such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, gallstones, and diabetes. Young people play a crucial role in the community, and their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding obesity can positively impact their families and the broader community. Understanding the perspectives and beliefs of young individuals is essential. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducting to assess the knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate students towards obesity in Karbala Province.Methodology: A sample of undergraduate students was surveyed to assess their knowledge and attitudes towards obesity between November 1, 2023, and April 29, 2024. The study included 444 participants chosen through a simple random sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire, comprising two sections, was used to gather data. The first section covered demographic characteristics, while the second section assessed knowledge and attitudes based on criteria designed by the researchers according to WHO guidelines. Experts before implementation reviewed the questionnaire.Result:- Out of the total sample in the study, 284(64%) were females and 160 (36%) males. 59.9 % of the participants was in the age group ≤ 20 years. As overall assessment for obesity knowledge level, 54 % had Good & Acceptable score. On the other hands, more than 86% had positive attitude score.Conclusion: - More than half of participants demonstrated good awareness about obesity. Moreover, 86% of the students exhibited a highly positive attitude towards reducing obesity
Impact of COVID 19 Infection on Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients and Correlation with PDL1 Expression
Get PDFBackground: COVID-19, a respiratory tract infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in Wuhan, China, in late 2019. Elevated IL-10 levels in COVID-19 patients may indicate the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in the development of acute viral infections and monocyte rearrangement. Aim of work: To assess the correlation between COVID 19 infection in advanced NSCLC patients and PDL1 expression with its impact on clinical outcome. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in Medical Oncology departments, National Cancer Institute (NCI) during the period from (April 2021- to October 2023). Patients were recruited over 6 months, and they were being followed up for 24 months. Demographic and clinical features of the patients were collected in addition to the histopathological results, the radiological studies, different lines of treatment received and the response to it. Re-evaluation with CT scans every 3 months to detect tumor response to chemotherapy according to RECIST criteria 1.1. Nasopharyngeal & nasal swab specimens were collected for Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT), with a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Detection of PDL1 expression by immunohistochemistry was done. Results: 19.2% of our patients had a negative PDL1 expression and 80.8% had a positive PDL1 expression. Conclusion: COVID 19 infection in advanced NSCLC patients can be correlated with PDL1 expression
Impact of Theraband Training on Selected Skill Variables of Volleyball players
Get PDFThe purpose of the study was to find out the impact of theraband training on selected skill variables of volleyball players. In this study, volleyball players from Bishop Heber College, Tiruchirappalli were tested using a pretest and posttest design, as well as a control group. A total of 30 female volleyball players were enlisted and divided into two groups: experiment (15) and control (15). The level of jump service and tennis service in both groups was assessed and documented using the Subjective rating. The players in the experiment group participated in 12-week training sessions, while the players in the control group did not get any treatment. ANCOVA with a post-hoc test was used. The study found that theraband training is a successful strategy for developing jump service and tennis service with volleyball players, with long-term impact
Identity Crisis: The Construction and Role of Virtual Selfhood in Suicides
Get PDFThe Internet and World Wide Web have woven together humanity in new ways, creating global communities, new forms of identity and pathology, and new modes of intervention. The Internet sites are transforming the ways emerging adults engage with others in their social worlds. This qualitative study examines communication processes of identity construction within social interactions among emerging adults using multiple social networking sites.The most common use of the Internet among youth is to communicate with peers (Subrahmanyam et al., 2001). Social networking sites are transforming the ways they do so as they become more widely used and replace face-to-face interactions with online exchanges (Boyd & Ellison, 2007). Because adolescents and emerging adults construct their identities through peer interactions (Erikson, 1959; Arnett, 2000), suicide is the second leading cause of death in youth aged 10–24 years old globally (Patton et al., 2009), examining the nature of their online communication is critical to understanding the potential implications of these technologies for the process of identity development. The goal of this study is to scrutinize how emerging adults present themselves to each other on social networking sites, as they construct a shared and relatively public social space in which images of the self are broadcast. This study also surveys (a) how the Internet is transforming human functioning, personhood, and identity through the engagement with electronic media; (b) how electronic networking gives rise to the emergence of new pathologies of the Internet, for example Internet addiction, group suicide, and cyber bullying, and imbalanced mental health concerns
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SCHOOL CHOICE BETWEEN PRIVATE AND GOVERNMENT SCHOOL BASED ON PARENTAL ASPIRATIONS IN THOUBAL DISTRICT
Get PDFThe choice of school is a critical issue nowadays. Parents are the consumers in the educational market and, therefore, spend a crucial amount of time and information choosing the right school when their children start attending school. School choice is based on Parental Aspirations for their children, which is an essential component. The study\u27s objective is to examine the role of parental aspirations in the school choice of their children among the Scheduled Caste and the general population in Thoubal. The study\u27s design is a cross-section and uses a purposive sampling method. Method: The population of the study comprises 199 Parents (92 parents from Thoubal Khunou (Schedule Caste) and 107 parents from Phoudel Keirambi (General) in Thoubal district, children who were attending school in the age range of 6-15 years. Data was collected using schedules of questioners through interview methods and analyzed using appropriate statistical tools such as descriptive statistics. Result: School choice based on educational aspiration; government schools choose up to class XII, and private schools choose graduate, postgraduate, and higher education. Choice of school based on Job Aspiration: Private schools were the most popular, and government schools were the least popular. No one chose a government school for a low-income status job. Conclusion: These parental aspirations regarding their employment and education were not up-to-date in the government school. As of now, the choices of Private schools were most. However, the characteristics of the government schools improved; parents started choosing government schools, and parents preferred to choose government schools
Blockchain for Healthcare Management: Enhancing Data Security and Transparency
Get PDFThis study examines how using blockchain technology can improve healthcare system control while making data more secure and easier to share between different systems. The study used Proof-of-Authority, Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance, Federated Learning, and Zero-Knowledge Proofs as advanced algorithms to solve major security problems in medical data handling. The experiment showed the blockchain framework outperformed traditional systems in processing transactions 35% faster while providing more accurate data retrieval by 22%. Our proposed system proved its scalability by handling 500 transactions per second while maintaining 98.5% data integrity. The research found that this framework offered better security results than other systems through stopping unauthorized data access while improving data sharing between users. Studies confirm that blockchain works better when used together with modern computing technologies to improve speed and reduce workload. The findings show that blockchain has potential but also need more research on simplicity of use and resource demand. This work joins existing healthcare studies about blockchain technology by demonstrating its practical approach to secure patient data processing.
Leveraging Machine Learning to Enhance Public Health Outcomes: A Comprehensive Approach to Disease Prediction, Prevention and Management
Get PDFThe integration of advanced machine learning (ML) techniques into public health systems offers transformative potential for improving disease prediction, prevention, and management. With the increasing availability of large datasets and computational power, ML has emerged as a powerful tool to extract insights and make data-driven decisions in healthcare. This paper explores the application of various machine learning models, such as supervised learning, deep learning, and reinforcement learning, in addressing key challenges in public health. We discuss the impact of ML in areas such as epidemiology, chronic disease management, healthcare accessibility, and health outcomes prediction. Furthermore, we highlight the ethical considerations, data privacy concerns, and the potential for bias in ML systems when used in public health. This study also evaluates the effectiveness of novel ML techniques in reducing healthcare costs, improving patient care, and guiding public health policy development. Through case studies and a review of recent advancements, the paper presents recommendations for optimizing ML algorithms for more accurate, equitable, and efficient public health interventions
Physical activity and supplement use among medical students
Get PDFBackground: Continuous physical activity among students boosts the immune system, which keeps them healthy, reduces students\u27 stress and improves their concentration and academic success. Food supplements help maintain students` health and boosts academic performance by filling nutritional gaps, particularly when eating habits are poor.Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate physical activity levels, the prevalence of food supplement use among medical students, in order to further analyze the impact on their academic performance. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between October to November 2024 with a random sample of 215 undergraduate medical students at the University of Prishtina. A self-administered questionnaire was completed with the sociodemographic and anthropometric data, items regarding their physical activity, food supplement use and the average grade achieved so far.Results: Two hundred and fifteen medical students participated in this study. Mean age was 21 years old, 69% were female and 31% male. The average grade of students was 8.31. Most of them were non-smokers (86%), with an average BMI of 22.80. One hundred and sixteen participants reported using food supplements and 99 did not use. One hundred and seventy-two participants reported that they practice physical activity and 43 did not practice.Conclusion: Physical activity was positively associated with food supplements and student grades. This indicates that students who practice physical activity are more likely to use food supplements and have better grades. There is a relationship between physical activity and students` grades, but not between food supplements and students` grades
Implementation of the Process in Cross-Sectoral Collaboration in the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation Policies in North Kalimantan Province
Get PDFAims: This study is intended to determine how the implementation of the Process in Cross-Sector Collaboration in the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation Policies in North Kalimantan Province. Methods: The data collected in this study were then compiled in a qualitative study. Results: The results of this study indicate that the Implementation of the Process in Cross-Sector Collaboration in the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation Policies in North Kalimantan Province Cross-sector collaboration in poverty alleviation in North Kalimantan Province reflects the principles put forward by Bryson et al. (2006) in their theory. The trust formed between stakeholders, effective conflict management related to data differences, and structured but flexible planning indicate that this collaboration can run well. To increase the success of this cross-sector collaboration, it is important to continue to strengthen shared commitment, improve the quality of the data used, and ensure that planning can always be adapted to the challenges and dynamics in the field
DNA damage and Cell Cycle Dysregulation by ATM-P53-GADD45A Pathway in Bleomycin Treated Cervical Cancer Cells
Get PDFBackground Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women worldwide, yet the underlying mechanism of disease progression still remains unclear. The role of TGF-β1 and GADD45A and its implication in cervical cancer remains elusive. The present study aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms induced by bleomycin in SiHa cells, to identify therapeutics target of DDR pathway. Methods In cervical cancer SiHa cells, different assays were employed to quantify the viability, anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effect of bleomycin. Differential gene expression related to cell cycle, DNA damage response, apoptosis was done by qRT-PCR with bleomycin intervention. Propidium iodide staining was done to confirm DNA damage. The relation of protein interaction with GADD45A was done by protein-protein interaction network. Results Our results emphasises that, bleomycin treatment of SiHa cells significantly inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Downregulation of CDK1, Cyclin A and Cyclin B genes, induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, confirmed by qRT-PCR and flowcytometry analysis. Significant upregulation of p53, ATM and GADD45A related to DDR and BAX/BCL2 for apoptosis, was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Propidium iodide staining validated the chromatin fragmentation and apoptosis in SiHa cells treated with bleomycin. Conclusion We emphasize that in cervical cancer, bleomycin can be a potent antitumor drug targeting multiple pathways inducing cell cycle arrest, DDR and apoptosis