South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH - Universität Bielefeld)
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Blockchain for Healthcare Management: Enhancing Data Security and Transparency
Full text linkThis study examines how using blockchain technology can improve healthcare system control while making data more secure and easier to share between different systems. The study used Proof-of-Authority, Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance, Federated Learning, and Zero-Knowledge Proofs as advanced algorithms to solve major security problems in medical data handling. The experiment showed the blockchain framework outperformed traditional systems in processing transactions 35% faster while providing more accurate data retrieval by 22%. Our proposed system proved its scalability by handling 500 transactions per second while maintaining 98.5% data integrity. The research found that this framework offered better security results than other systems through stopping unauthorized data access while improving data sharing between users. Studies confirm that blockchain works better when used together with modern computing technologies to improve speed and reduce workload. The findings show that blockchain has potential but also need more research on simplicity of use and resource demand. This work joins existing healthcare studies about blockchain technology by demonstrating its practical approach to secure patient data processing.
Leveraging Machine Learning to Enhance Public Health Outcomes: A Comprehensive Approach to Disease Prediction, Prevention and Management
Full text linkThe integration of advanced machine learning (ML) techniques into public health systems offers transformative potential for improving disease prediction, prevention, and management. With the increasing availability of large datasets and computational power, ML has emerged as a powerful tool to extract insights and make data-driven decisions in healthcare. This paper explores the application of various machine learning models, such as supervised learning, deep learning, and reinforcement learning, in addressing key challenges in public health. We discuss the impact of ML in areas such as epidemiology, chronic disease management, healthcare accessibility, and health outcomes prediction. Furthermore, we highlight the ethical considerations, data privacy concerns, and the potential for bias in ML systems when used in public health. This study also evaluates the effectiveness of novel ML techniques in reducing healthcare costs, improving patient care, and guiding public health policy development. Through case studies and a review of recent advancements, the paper presents recommendations for optimizing ML algorithms for more accurate, equitable, and efficient public health interventions
Physical activity and supplement use among medical students
Full text linkBackground: Continuous physical activity among students boosts the immune system, which keeps them healthy, reduces students\u27 stress and improves their concentration and academic success. Food supplements help maintain students` health and boosts academic performance by filling nutritional gaps, particularly when eating habits are poor.Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate physical activity levels, the prevalence of food supplement use among medical students, in order to further analyze the impact on their academic performance. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between October to November 2024 with a random sample of 215 undergraduate medical students at the University of Prishtina. A self-administered questionnaire was completed with the sociodemographic and anthropometric data, items regarding their physical activity, food supplement use and the average grade achieved so far.Results: Two hundred and fifteen medical students participated in this study. Mean age was 21 years old, 69% were female and 31% male. The average grade of students was 8.31. Most of them were non-smokers (86%), with an average BMI of 22.80. One hundred and sixteen participants reported using food supplements and 99 did not use. One hundred and seventy-two participants reported that they practice physical activity and 43 did not practice.Conclusion: Physical activity was positively associated with food supplements and student grades. This indicates that students who practice physical activity are more likely to use food supplements and have better grades. There is a relationship between physical activity and students` grades, but not between food supplements and students` grades
Implementation of the Process in Cross-Sectoral Collaboration in the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation Policies in North Kalimantan Province
Full text linkAims: This study is intended to determine how the implementation of the Process in Cross-Sector Collaboration in the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation Policies in North Kalimantan Province. Methods: The data collected in this study were then compiled in a qualitative study. Results: The results of this study indicate that the Implementation of the Process in Cross-Sector Collaboration in the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation Policies in North Kalimantan Province Cross-sector collaboration in poverty alleviation in North Kalimantan Province reflects the principles put forward by Bryson et al. (2006) in their theory. The trust formed between stakeholders, effective conflict management related to data differences, and structured but flexible planning indicate that this collaboration can run well. To increase the success of this cross-sector collaboration, it is important to continue to strengthen shared commitment, improve the quality of the data used, and ensure that planning can always be adapted to the challenges and dynamics in the field
DNA damage and Cell Cycle Dysregulation by ATM-P53-GADD45A Pathway in Bleomycin Treated Cervical Cancer Cells
Full text linkBackground Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women worldwide, yet the underlying mechanism of disease progression still remains unclear. The role of TGF-β1 and GADD45A and its implication in cervical cancer remains elusive. The present study aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms induced by bleomycin in SiHa cells, to identify therapeutics target of DDR pathway. Methods In cervical cancer SiHa cells, different assays were employed to quantify the viability, anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effect of bleomycin. Differential gene expression related to cell cycle, DNA damage response, apoptosis was done by qRT-PCR with bleomycin intervention. Propidium iodide staining was done to confirm DNA damage. The relation of protein interaction with GADD45A was done by protein-protein interaction network. Results Our results emphasises that, bleomycin treatment of SiHa cells significantly inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Downregulation of CDK1, Cyclin A and Cyclin B genes, induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, confirmed by qRT-PCR and flowcytometry analysis. Significant upregulation of p53, ATM and GADD45A related to DDR and BAX/BCL2 for apoptosis, was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Propidium iodide staining validated the chromatin fragmentation and apoptosis in SiHa cells treated with bleomycin. Conclusion We emphasize that in cervical cancer, bleomycin can be a potent antitumor drug targeting multiple pathways inducing cell cycle arrest, DDR and apoptosis
Milk and Ayurveda: Unlocking the Secrets of Nutrition, Digestion, and Longevity
Full text linkMilk has been a fundamental part of the human diet for millennia, and in Ayurveda, it is regarded as a vital source of nourishment, health, and longevity. This article explores the multifaceted role of milk in Ayurveda, delving into its numerous health benefits, the different types of milk consumed across society, and the proper ways to consume milk based on Ayurvedic principles. It also highlights the importance of understanding the source, quality, and digestion power of milk to maximize its health benefits. The article emphasizes the critical factors such as the type of cow, buffalo, or goat milk, the proper preparation techniques, and the appropriate time for milk consumption for optimal health. By following Ayurvedic guidelines, milk can be an incredibly potent substance for improving vitality, balancing doshas, and promoting overall well-being.
Analysis of Cognitive Abilities in Students using Feature Optimization on EEG Signals
Full text linkThe characterization of brain activity during cognitive load is a topic of growing interest in the scientific community. The electroencephalography technique has been extensively utilized for this purpose, providing valuable insights into the neural correlates of cognitive processes. In this work, EEG recordsobtained from the Physionet repositoryare analyzed, which are recorded while subjects performed mathematical tasks. The study divides the total 36 signals into two groups: "Good" and "Bad", potentially reflecting different levels of cognitive ability. Various temporal, frequency, and wavelet features were extracted from the EEG data using various signal processing techniques. These features were then classified using a range of machine learning techniques, including Multilayer Perceptron, Support Vector Machines,K-Nearest Neighbors, Linear Discriminant Analysis, and Naive-Bayes. Further the results compared with those obtained after applying feature optimization techniques, such as Particle Swarm Optimization,Genetic Algorithms, Firefly Algorithm, Sequential Floating Forward Selection, and Sequential Forward Selection. The experimental findings suggest that the KNN classifier optimized with FFA is particularly effective in characterizing brain activity under mental cognitive conditions with an accuracy of 95.17%, precision of 95.47%, recall of 91.52%, F1-score of 93.28%, and a False Positive rate of only 4.53%.The outcomes highlight the potential of proposed approach for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive abilities
Impact Of Self-Efficacy On Academic Achievement Of Secondary School Students
Full text linkPrevious studies have highlighted the crucial role of self-efficacy in shaping students\u27 learning outcomes and academic success. Self-efficacy refers to a person\u27s confidence in their capacity to complete a particular task successfully. The goal of this paper is to explore the processes through which self-efficacy develops, its impact on students\u27 academic performance, and how it affects their social interactions with peers. By understanding the development of self-efficacy, we can better comprehend how it shapes students\u27 confidence in their academic abilities, how they approach challenges, and how it affects their relationships with classmates and their overall academic environment. This paper will also consider the role of teachers, feedback, and personal experiences in fostering self-efficacy and supporting students in their academic journeys. The study sample comprised secondary school students enrolled in CBSE schools under the Central Government in the Vijayawada region, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh. A total of 100 9th-grade students were selected, representing both rural and urban areas within the district. The findings from the entire sample indicate that these students exhibit a constructive learning approach, with their performance falling above the average level
Relationship Between Shock Index and Serum Cystatin C Values with the Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Critical Patients with Vasodilation Shock at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya
Full text linkIntroduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is linked to a higher death rate in individuals experiencing vasodilatory shock exceeding 50%. Early detection and intervention are very important in improving prognosis. Some promising tests for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury are serum Cystatin C (CysC) and shock index (SI). Objectives: The main focus of this research is to examine the possibility of early diagnosis of AKI using serum CysC biomarkers in critically ill patients with vasodilatory shock compared with shock index. Methods: This cross-sectional study with a simple random method involves 36 samples which included adult patients with critical illness with vasodilatory shock who were treated in ICU of Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. Results: There is a significant association between SI and delta creatinine (r=0.352; p=0.035); between serum Cystatin C and delta creatinine (r=0.535; p=0.001); and between SI and AKI incidence (r=0.432; p=0.034). While the relationship test between serum Cystatin C and AKI incidence was not significant (r=0.025; p=0.449). ROC curve test showed that the SI had an AUC of 0.725 with a sensitivity of 55.0% and a specificity of 81.25% while serum Cystatin C had an AUC of 0.747 with a sensitivity of 60.0% and a specificity of 93.75%. Conclusions: Shock index and serum Cystatin C could serve as valuable early indicators for anticipating AKI occurrences in critical patients experiencing vasodilatory shock. Cystatin C outperforms Shock Index in predicting AKI, showing superior results in terms of AUC, sensitivity, and specificity
Formulation and In-vitro Characterization of floating microcapsules as gastroretentive drug delivery system containing Itopride hydrochloride by W/O/O multiple emulsion solvent diffusion technique
Full text linkItopride hydrochloride loaded floating microcapsules were prepared by W/O/O multiple emulsion solvent diffusion method using ethyl cellulose and eudragit RSPO 100 as drug release rate controlling polymers. Drug containing aqueous phase was emulsified in ACN: DCM primary organic phase. This W/O primary emulsion was further emulsified in continuous phase (light liquid paraffin) containing emulsifying agent (span 80).Formulated microcapsules were harvested by filtration and subsequent washing with petroleum ether. Further microcapsules were evaluated for flow properties, %product yield, particle size, %EE, buoyancy, in-vitro drug release, SEM, FTIR and DSC analysis.Floating microcapsules were prepared with varying proportions of EC and eudragit RSPO 100. Microcapsules containing drug: EC: Eudragit RSPO 100 (Formulation F5) in proportion of 1:2:1shows desired properties. All formulations show good to excellent flow properties. F5 formulation shows 91.41± 2.84% production yield, mean particle size was29.39± 5.45µm, %buoyancy 88.27±1.75%, EE 98.53±0.349%. Cumulative % drug release from microcapsules of F5 formulation was 98.99± 1.90% in 24hours and following Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic model for drug release with R2 value 0.9805. SEM analysis revealed formation of spherical microcapsules with rough surface indicates encapsulation of drug within polymer coat. FTIR and DSC analysis shows no interaction between drug and polymers used in formulation.Formulated multiple unit floating gastroretentive microcapsules of Itopride hydrochloride have potential to delivered drug in upper part of GIT for extended period of time, thereby reducing dosing frequency, enhance bioavailability and improved patient compliance