Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology (SUIT), Peshawar: E-Journals
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SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF SPORT
Get PDFSport as a specific form of physical activity plays an mportant role in cultural, economica and political devolopment of global society. Sport is an integral part of of individual forms of leisure, an opportunity for competitive activities, and in growing extent also substituable part of mass culture. Sport reflects given cultural climate and affects  specific forms of proces of socialization. Top elite sport is for mass of people available via mass media, regular sportive activities are an effective tool against destructive impacts of sedentary society. Physical activity, physical fitness, wellness and sport form life style of people and are also part of profitable business. Sport is interrelated with important areas of social life, including politics and religion. For sociologists sport is a colourful field reflecting the dynamics of the change in the values, interests and activities of contemporary mankind.Â
MENTAL TOUGHNESS AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE: A GENDER ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE CRICKET PLAYERS IN PAKISTAN
Get PDFThe present study aimed to explore the relationship of Mental Toughness and Athletic Performance of corporate cricket players of Pakistan on gender bases. Stratified random sampling method (Proportional) was used and 176 corporate cricket players were recruited, including males N1(123) and females N2 (53) (Age 14-43, M= 26.65, SD=5.031). Sample comprised 38.63 % Batsmen, 25% Fast Bowlers, 2.84% Spin bowlers, 27.84% All-rounders and 5.68% Wicket keepers /batsmen. Survey was held and Mental Toughness Inventory (MTI) (Task familiarity, self-efficacy, Future potential, Mental self-Concept and Coach Athlete Rating of Athletic Performance(Level of Aggressiveness, fitness, Concentration, Strength, Motivation, Quickness, Team Cohesion) was used to collect the data. Data was analyzed through SPSS 2.0.Findings of the study suggested a positive correlation (.359**) between Mental Toughness and Athletic Performance. However, male cricket players were found significantly higher than female cricket players in mental toughness and athletic performance while playing at the national level. On the basis of the result study concluded that Mental Toughness is directly proportional to Athlete Performance in corporate cricket players of Pakistan and male cricket players were found significantly higher in mental toughness attributes such as task familiarity, self-efficacy, Future potential, Mental self-Concept
AN INCLUSIVE MODEL FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF SERVICE IN PUBLIC SECTOR TERTIARY HOSPITALS
Get PDFQuality has taken central stage in contemporary organizations and is one of the key areas of competition. Healthcare organizations, in particular, strive to provide better quality services to their patients in order to gain competitive advantage. Researchers and academicians have yet to agree on how to define and measure quality of service. Attempts have been made to develop standards and measurements to determine the degree of quality of services. However, the literature does not contain a model or standards to measure the quality of health care services. The paper in question presents an inclusive model to measure the quality of service of healthcare organizations. In addition to healthcare services (cure and care) the model encompasses teaching aspect of hospitals as well. This model was developed on the basis of an in-depth and careful study of a large (2400 bedded) public sector teaching hospital spread over a period of two years. Data was collected from 400 patients, 250 employees, 200 general public, and 250 students through questionnaire followed by in-depth interviews. In addition to all this, various processes and interactions among individuals in the hospital were closely observed. Hospital records were studied. Anything that possibly could contribute to the quality of service in hospital was placed under one of the three dimensions of the model. Since the model has been inductively developed through data triangulation, it can safely be used to measure the quality of health care services with a good deal of accuracy
THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE AND TOTAL LABOR FORCE ON EXPORT OF PAKISTAN: (1990-2016)
Get PDFThis paper identifies the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI), the real effective exchange rate and the total labor force on the exports of Pakistan. A Double lag equation model for this investigation was developed in which FDI, exchange rate and labor force play a central role. The underlying conceptual framework of this paper reveals the positive impact of FDI and Labor force on exports of Pakistan while exchange rate shows negative impact. The distinguishing feature of this analysis is to encourage FDI and Effective Labor force which contribute to export development strategies of Pakistan. To estimate the long run and short run connection among the variables, yearly data for the period ranging from 1990-2016 have been analyzed by using Johanson Co-integration and Vector Error Correction model have been applied to determine the response of variables on each other. The  result of this study shows that in the long run, FDI and Effective labor force play a vital role in the growth of Pakistan’s exports while in the short run, the influence of exchange rate are very effective for the promotion of exports. It is recommended based on the study that Government should encourage FDI & TLF when developing the policy of trade
CAPITAL STRUCTURE DETERMINANTS OF ISLAMIC AND CONVENTIONAL BANKS OF PAKISTAN
Get PDFPurpose- The major objective behind conducting this research is to explicate that how does the conventional as well as Islamic banks opt for their capital structures and what are the noteworthy variables that effect the decisions of the company as regard to their capital structure. Design/methodology/approach- Data for study was gathered throughthe yearly reports of the KSE indexed companies. The yearly reports from the years 2004-2014 were selected for the study. For analysis, ordinary least square (OLS) is applied in order to obtain the results. Findings- The primary outcomes of study prove that the conventional banks are more leveraged as compared to the Islamic banks. In addition, the conventional banks are bigger in size than Islamic banks and possess higher level of profitability. The fixed operating resources possessed by the Islamic banks are more in comparison to the conventional banks. The outcomes show that the profitability and tangibility are inversely associated with book leverage however the bank size has significant nexus with the book leverage of Islamic banks. On the other hand, profitability, growth and tangibility are negatively related to book leverage in whereas the bank size positivelyimpacts the decisions of the conventional banks for choosing the capital structure. Earning volatility shows no impact on capital structure decisions. Practical implications- The outcomes of the study present that the directors of bank need to develop an understanding related to the bank specific factors which would help them to decide regarding the capital structure of the bank taking into consideration that the controlling powers are vested with state bank of Pakistan. Originality/value- This study would propose that some noteworthy insights regarding the variables that impact financing decisions ofPakistani conventional and Islamic banks. This study also provides a framework to the future researchers for deeper exploration regarding capital structure of the banks.  Keywords- Conventional Banks; Islamic Banks, Ordinary Least Square, State bank of PakistanÂ
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT CRISES IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CASE STUDY OF PESHAWAR CITY
Get PDFDue to the speedy increase in population, the solid waste management issues are becoming a challenge for the developing countries. Unhealthy collection, improper transportation and open dumping of the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is causing a serious threat to the environment and the people residing in the surroundings. In Pakistan, unsustainable way of solid waste management, lack of the authorities to deal with effectively with the MSW and least vision of the society towards the emerging issues of the solid waste is depicting the worst situation in the country. To highlight the significant Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) issues in the developing countries of the world, Peshawar city has been selected as a case study. Peshawar city is experiencing serious environmental issues due to speedy urbanization pace, rapid industrialization, deficiency of the authorities to manage the solid waste issues properly and lack of public awareness towards the challenging issue. Open dumping of the MSW on the open lands, utilized as dumping sites are responsible for the environmental problems increasing day by day. The research findings clearly reveal the MSWM crises in the city. Improper MSWM practices are not only creating air, land and water pollution but it also causes the blockage of open drains, smaller canals and ruining the aesthetics of the city
PHYSICAL FITNESS PARAMETERS OF SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN OF KHYBER PUKHTUNKHWA-PAKISTAN
Get PDFThe aim of the study was to measure and evaluate the physical fitness of school going children aged 11 to 15 years through cross-sectional survey in Khyber Pukhtukhwa. Seven universally accepted field-based tests having known reliability were used to assessthe anthropometric status, balance, body muscle strength, flexibility, speed and agility, cardiovascular endurance and muscular endurance. Boys showed gradual increase in their performance from 11 to 14 years while it tends to decrease at the age of 15 years. The correlation coefficient among tests is significant however relationship is weak reflecting fitness as multidimensional concept.Multiple Regression analysis predicts that all tests are independently related to the performance. The analysis reveals that about 40% of school going children falls in the categories of “Very Poor†and “Poor†level of abilities. The evaluated physical fitness parameters of children if used as bench marks instead of compulsive division into norms would be more reliable developmental characteristics for comparison with their counterparts elsewhere and determining national norms and policies related to youth as way forward
REVIEW OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE OF PATHOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF TENDINOPATHIES
Get PDFTendon pain has been considered either an inflammatory result of injury or a degenerative process, (Khan, Cook, Kannus, Maffulli, & Bonar, 2002) but further studies are revealing that it is a complex combination of the two, or a failed healing response. (D\u27Addona, Maffulli, Formisano, & Rosa, 2017) Some tendon problems are the result of factors external to the tendon, such as excessive demands or mechanical abrasion. At least initially, these are largely inflammatory in nature and may appropriately be termed tendinitis. Reducing inflammation may be an appropriate part of treatment. Other tendon problems occur without obvious injury in inactive individuals. These are mostly degenerative in nature, and have been termed tendinosis to indicate that a non-inflammatory process is at work. If either of these processes is allowed to continue, there will eventually be an arrest of healing. Osti (Osti et al., 2017) (Bhabra et al., 2016) Macroscopic tears may result. By recognizing that there are three general types of tendon pathology ---inflammatory, degenerative, and arrested healing – treatment can be modified to match the defect
THE RELATIONSHIP STUDY BETWEEN COHESION AND PERFORMANCEOF PLAYERS OF HOCKEY, IN PAKISTAN
Get PDFThis paper represents the findings of a larger study which highlights the relationship between cohesion and the performance among hockey players of Pakistan in view of socio-interactional context. Pakistan won laurels in Field hockey with four World Cup and three Olympics titles to its credit but no effort has been made to find out the factors which have turned Pakistan (as a team) from the status of a giant into a pygmy during the last two decades. The foremost objective of this paper is to scrutinize the relationship between cohesion and players’ performance. A sample of 296 players from 14sport departments was chosen as respondents. Adopted questionnaire was used to collect the survey data. The findings highlighted the significant (p=.001) relationship between cohesion and players’ performance. It is concluded that the cohesiveness among players is to be developed and expanded regarding players’ performance to fulfil sport requirements. Recommendations have been made to raise the excellence, relevance, and legitimacy in team regarding cohesion with players’ performance
Does Organizational Learning Orientation Matter? Investigating the Impact of Learning Orientation on SMES Performance
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to conduct an investigation into the link between organizational learning orientation and business performance in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Data were analysed using sample of 213 SMEs belonging to the manufacturing sector in Sialkot, Pakistan. The findings indicated that learning orientation is positively and significantly associated with the organizational performance of SMEs. The implications and limitations of the study are discussed and possible future research directions are provided