Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH)
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Contextual Effect of Integrated Heath Post on Nutritional Status among Children Aged 6-59 Months in Surabaya, East Java
Get PDFBackground: A child will come into toddler phase which is the rapid growth and development phase. It turns children into one of the groups that vulnerable to suffer from undernutrition. The data of Riskesdas (Basic Health Research) in 2018 indicates that the percentage of malnutrition and undernutrition in Indonesia is 17.7%, in which the number is still higher than the target of National Medium Term Development Plan 2019 which is 17%. The study aimed to analyzes factors that affect nutritional status of children aged 6 – 59 months in Surabaya, East Java.Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at 25 integrated health posts (posyandu) in Surabaya, East Java, from August to September 2019. A sample of 200 children aged 6 – 59 months was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was nutritional status (weight for age). The independent variables were history of exclusive breastfeeding, history of low birth weigth (LBW), maternal educational level, maternal knowledge, maternal occupation, family income, and environmental hygiene and sanitation. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13.Results: Poor nutritional status increased with the history of LBW (b= 5.29; 95% CI= 1.87 to 6.72; p= 0.003) and poor environmental hygiene and sanitation (b= 3.35; 95% CI= 0.77 to 5.94; p= 0.011). Poor nutritional status decreased with maternal educational status ≥Senior high school (b= -2.81; 95% CI= -5.24 to -0.38; p= 0.023), high maternal knowledge (b= -2.68; 95% CI= -5.01 to -0.35; p= 0.024), and high family income (b= -3.37; 95% CI= -6.04 to -0.71; p= 0.013).Conclusion: Poor nutritional status increases with the history of LBW and poor environmental hygiene and sanitation. Poor nutritional status decreases with maternal educational status ≥Senior high school, high maternal knowledge, and high family income.Keywords: nutritional status, birth weight, sanitation, children under fiveCorrespondence: Triana Ulfa Nur Aziza. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir.Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281358396565Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(1): 79-87https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.01.0
The Contextual Effect of School on Self-Care in Children with Mental Retardation in Surakarta, Central Java
Get PDFBackground: WHO analysis estimates the number of children with disabilities reaching 7-10% of the total population of children. The limitations of retarded children are influenced by age, physical condition, nutritional status of the child, and parenting in the family have a relationship in the level of independence of the children. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence self-care in retarded children in Surakarta, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This study was a cross sectional study conducted in 15 special schools in Surakarta, Central Java, from June to July 2019. A sample of 200 mentally retarded children aged 9-17 years was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was self care. The independent variables were age, nutritional status, mental retardation classification, maternal age, maternal education, maternal occupation, maternal knowledge, parenting style, and teacher support in school. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13.Results: Good self-care in mentally retarded children increased with aged ≥15 years (b= 4.61; 95% CI= 2.53 to 6.69; p<0.001), mild retardation (b= 2.02; 95% CI= 0.13 to 3.91; p= 0.036), maternal education ≥senior high school (b= 1.23; 95% CI= 0.22 to 2.25; p= 0.017), and good maternal parenting style (b= 1.42; 95% CI= 0.21 to 2.62; p= 0.021). Good self-care decreased with undernourished children (b= -2.16; 95% CI= -3.44 to -0.87; p= 0.001), low maternal knowledge (b= -1.56; 95% CI= -2.90 to -0.22; p= 0.023), and weak teacher support (b= -3.34; 95% CI= -5.41 to -1.26; p= 0.002).Conclusion: Good self-care in mentally retarded children increases with aged ≥15 years, mild retardation, maternal education ≥senior high school, and good maternal parenting style. Good self-care decreases with undernourished children, low maternal knowledge, and weak teacher support.Keywords: self-care, mental retardation, childrenCorrespondence: Janur Putri Wayanshakty. Masters program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085258870014Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(1): 19-27https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.01.03
Effect of Antenatal Mental Health Disorder on Fetal Growth: A Systematic Review
Get PDFBackground: Maternal mental disorders during pregnancy are associated with a range of adverse health outcomes for infants. Recent studies indicate the possible mechanism of maternal mental health disorders associated with fetal development through programming effect. This study aimed to systematically review the effect of antenatal mental health disorders on fetal growth.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review. The articles were selected from PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed journal databases published from July to September 2018. The keywords for this review included maternal mental health AND fetal growth, postpartum depression AND fetal growth, maternal mental health AND fetal growth AND review. As many as 11 articles were selected for this study from 575 articles.Results: Maternal mental health during pregnancy was associated with fetal head circumference growth through 2 mechanism: (1) Increased maternal stress response modifies neuroendocrine function, which included changes in cortisol regulation, adrenocorticotropic, adrenaline and noradrenaline hormones levels; and (2) Decreased 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD2) enzyme regulation in placenta. It decreased11β-HSD2 level, increased fetal glucocorticoids circulation, and affected on fetal head growth restriction.Conclusion: Maternal mental health during pregnancy is associated with fetal head circumference growth restriction.Keywords: maternal mental health, fetal head circumference, growth, systematic reviewCorrespondence: Rina Tri Handayani. School of Health Sciences Mamba'ul 'Ulum, Surakarta, Jl. Ring Road Utara, Tawangsari, Mojosongo, Jebres, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: trihandayanirina@gmail.com: 085642224141Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(2): 147-153https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.02.0
The Contextual Effect of Posyandu on the Decision to Use Long Term Contraceptive in Tulungagung, East Java
Get PDFBackground: Family planning will help reduce population growth, fertility, improvement quality of life, women's health status, unwanted pregnancy, and abortion. The selection of the use of contraceptives needed leads to a contraceptive that has higher effectiveness, namely the long-term contraceptive method. This study aimed to analyze contextual effect of posyandu on the decision to use long term contraceptive in Tulungagung, East JavaSubjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at 25 integrated health posts (posyandu) in Kauman health service, Tulungagung, East Java, in January 2019. A sample of 200 women of childbearing age was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was the use of long-term contraceptive method. The independent variables were age, education, knowledge, occupation, husband and family supports, women's perception, local culture, and posyandu. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13.Results: The use of long-term contraceptive method increased with age ≥35 years (b= 1.68; 95% CI= 0.51 to 2.85; p= 0.005), education ≥Senior high school (b= 2.22; 95% CI= 0.97 to 3.46; p <0.001), high knowledge (b= 2.05; 95% CI= 0.75 to 3.35; p= 0.002), working outside the house (b= 1.66; 95% CI= 0.54 to 2.78; p= 0.004), strong husband and family support (b= 2.11; 95% CI= 0.87 to 3.34; p= 0.001), positive perception of long-term contraceptive method (b= 1.92; 95% CI= 0.75 to 3.08; p= 0.001), and supportive local culture (b= 1.10; CI 95%= -0.04 to 2.25; p= 0.009). Posyandu had strong contextual effect on the use of long-term contraceptive method with ICC= 26.70%.Conclusion: The use of long-term contraceptive method increases with age ≥35 years, education ≥Senior high school, high knowledge, working outside the house, strong husband and family support, positive perception of long-term contraceptive method, and supportive local culture. Posyandu has a strong contextual effect on the use of long-term contraceptive method.Keywords: long-term contraceptive, multilevel analysis.Correspondence: Dika Yanuar Frafitasari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6282145642707.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(1): 58-67https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.01.07
Path Analysis on the Effect of Hormonal Contraceptive Use on the Risk of Depression in Women of Reproductive Age in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta
No full textBackground: The choice of contraceptive use is based on regulating birth spacing or those who no longer want offspring. Although hormonal contraceptives have been available for more than 50 years, many do not know that hormonal contraceptives also have psychological effects on hormonal contraceptives and their biological mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the effect of hormonal family planning on symptoms of depression in women of reproductive age in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta.Subjects and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, from December 2019 to January 2020. A sample of 200 women of reproductive age was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was depression symptoms in women of reproductive age. In contrast, the independent variables were education, age, duration of use, employment status, family income, and hormonal contraceptives. Data were collected using the Beck Depression Inventor II (BDI II) questionnaire and analyzed with path analysis using the Stata 1.3 application.Results: The incidence of depression symptoms in women of reproductive age increased with duration of use ≥36 months (b= 1.84; 95% CI= 0.86 to 2.83; p <0.001) and contraceptives use (b= 1.31; 95% CI= 0.47 to 2.15; p= 0.001). The incidence of depression symptoms in women of reproductive age decreased with age ≥29 years (b= -2.05; 95% CI= -3.04 to -1.07; p= <0.001), family income ≥ IDR 1,571,000 (b= -3.06; 95% CI= - 3.06 to -1.41; p<0.001), ≥high school education (b= -1.67; CI 95%= -2.54 to -0.18; p= <0.001), and employment status (work outside the home) (b= -0.98; CI95 %= -1.78 to -0.18; p= 0.016).Conclusion: Duration of use, contraceptive use, age, family income, education, employment status affect depression symptoms in women of reproductive age.Keywords: hormonal contraceptives, depression symptoms, path analysisCorrespondence: Neta Afriyanti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: neta.friyanti16@gmail.comJournal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(06): 651-662https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.06.05.
Effects of Peer-Based Intervention on Prevention Behavior of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Unwanted Pregnancy in Adolescents: A Meta Analysis
No full textBackground:In facing the transition period, many adolescents tend to explore their sexuality and engage in risky sexual behavior. This risky behavior is a main contributor to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancy. Peer-based intervention is often used in programs that promote sexual and reproductive health in adolescents, including prevention of STIs and unintended pregnancy. This study aimed to examine the effect of peer-based interventin on STI and unintended pregnancy preventive behavior among adolescents.Subjects and Method:This was a meta-analysis study that was carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. The articles with randomized controlled trial study designs published in 2000-2020 were included for the meta-analysis. Several databases were used in searching for the articles. The articles obtained were screened to obtain the articles that met the eligibility criteria. The articles were analyzed using RevMan 5.4.Results:There were 14 articles that met the criteria for a meta-analysis with a sample size of 18,325. The study showed that peer-based intervention was statistically significant in improving sexually transmitted infection preventive behavior (RR= 1.15; 95%CI= 1.02 to 1.30; p= 0.020) and unintended pregnancy preventive behavior among adolescents (RR= 1.14; 95% CI= 1.00 to 1.30; p=0.040).Conclusion:Peer-based intervention should be considered as an effort to promote STIs and unintended pregnancy preventive behavior among adolescents.Keywords: peer-based intervention, sexually transmitted infection, unintended pregnancyCorrespondence: Denanda Agnes Safitri. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: denandagnesafitri@gmail.comJournal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(06): 693-704https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.06.09
Contextual Effect of Posyandu on the Risk of Stunting in Children Under Five, Klaten, Central Java
No full textBackground: Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five as a result of chronic malnutrition. Environmental interventions such as water, sanitation and hygiene behavior (WASH) can be used as a strategy to reduce the high incidence of stunting. This study aims to determine environmental factors and other factors on the incidence of stunting in toddlers.Subjects and Method: This study was an observational analytic study with a case-control approach. This research was conducted in July 2019 – August 2019 in Klaten Regency, Central Java. A total of 200 samples was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was stunting. The independent variables were mother's education, family income, number of family members, water sources, sanitation, history of infectious diseases, family diet, hand washing behavior and posyandu strata. The data collection technique used a questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple multilevel logistic regression.Results: The risk of stunting increased with low maternal education <Senior high school (b= 3.43; 95% CI= 1.47 to 5.40; p <0.001), low family income (b= 2.72; 95% CI= 0.80 to 4.64; p= 0.005), family members ≥5 (b= 2.26; 95% CI= 0.65 to 3.87; p = 0.006), households with open water sources (b= 2.28 95% CI= 0.74 to 3.83; p= 0.004), inadequate sanitation (b= 2.66; 95% CI= 1.06 to 4.26; p <0.001), children had a history of infectious disease (b= 2.29; 95% CI= 0.70 to 3.88; p= 0.005), family diet (b= 2.39; 95% CI= 0.67 to 4.11; p= 0.006), and mothers did not wash their hands (b= 2.10; 95% CI= 0.63 to 3.56; p= 0.005). Posyandu strata had strong contextual effect on stunting in children under five with intra-class correlation (ICC) = 34.84%.Conclusion: The risk of stunting increases with low maternal education, low family income, family members ≥5, households with open water sources, inadequate sanitation, children had a history of infectious disease, family diet, and mothers did not wash their hands. Posyandu strata has strong contextual effect on stunting in children under five.Keywords: stunting, water sources, sanitation, history of infectious diseases Correspondence: Anna Mariyana. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(06): 725-736https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.06.12.
Do the Integrated Health Posts Have Contextual Effect on Birth Weight? A Multilevel Evidence from Situbondo, East Java
Get PDFBackground: Low birth weight babies (LBW) are sensitive indicators of socioeconomic conditions and indirectly become a benchmark for maternal and child health. This study aimed to analyze contextual effect of integrated health post and socioeconomic determinants on LBW in Situbondo.Subjects and Method: This was an observational analytic study with a case control design. The study was conducted at the integrated health posts in the Asembagus Health Center. The study population was all infants aged 0-1 years. A sample of 150 infants with normal birthweight and 50 LBW was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was LBW. The independents variables were maternal age, maternal education, maternal occupation, maternal knowledge, family income, exposure to cigarette smoke, and integrated health post strata. Data were analyzed using multilevel multiple logistic regression analysis using STATA 13.Results: The risk of LBW increased with maternal age <20 years or ≥35 years (b= 1.78; 95% CI= 0.83 to 2.73; p<0.001), low maternal education (b= 0.93; 95% CI <0.01 to 1.86; p= 0.049), mother working outside the home (b= 1.24; 95% CI= 0.26 to 2.22; p= 0.013), low family income (b= 1.33; 95% CI= 0.42 to 2.24; p= 0.004), low maternal knowledge (b= 1.17; 95% CI= 0.13 to 2.21; p= 0.026), and high cigarette smoke exposure (b= 1.11; 95% CI= 0.08 to 2.13; p= 0.035). Integrated health post has not contextual effect on LBW with ICC= 0.01%.Conclusion: The risk of LBW increases with maternal age <20 years or ≥35 years, low maternal education, low maternal education, mother working outside the home, low family income, low maternal knowledge, and high cigarette smoke exposure. Integrated health post has not contextual effect on LBW.Keywords: low birthweight, socio-economic determinants, integrated health postCorrespondence: Eti Kuswandari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: etikus[email protected]. Mobile: +6282132770153. Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(03): 275-286https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.03.06
Factors Affecting Early Detection and Stimulation by Mothers and their Impact on Receptive Language Skills of Children Age 4 to 6 Years
Get PDFBackground: Language is a communication tool used by humans since birth. Receptive language can be interpreted as the ability to communicate symbolically both visual and auditory. Through early detection measures, parents can find out the problem of child growth and development early, so that prevention, stimulation, healing, and recovery efforts can be given with clear indications at critical times of the child's growth and development process. Stimulation of child growth and development is carried out by mothers and fathers who are the closest people to children, other family members, and community groups in their respective households and in everyday life. This study aims to analyze the relationship between early detection and early stimulation with the receptive language skills of preschool children using the Health Belief Model (HBM) theory. Subjects and Method: This research was conducted using a cross-sectional research design in Surakarta, from December 2019 - January 2020. A sample of 200 children was selected using a fixed disease sampling technique. The dependent variable is receptive language ability. The independent variables are perception of vulnerability, perception of seriousness, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The intermediate variables are early detection and early stimulation. Data collection using questionnaires and Receptive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test(ROWPVT), data were analyzed using path analysis with Stata 13.Results: Receptive language skills are improved with mothers who do early detection (b= 0.83 units; 95% CI= 0.19 to 1.47; p= 0.011) and early stimulation (b= 0.87 units; 95% CI= 0.28 to 1.47; p= 0.004).Conclusion: Children's receptive language skills increase with mothers who do early detection and early stimulation. Children's receptive language skills are indirectly affected by perception of vulnerability, perception of seriousness, cues to action, and self-efficacy through early detection or early stimulation by the mother.Correspondence: Anggi ResinaPutri. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, 57126. Email: anggiresinaputri@gmail.com. Mobile: 085727387689Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(3): 235-242https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.03.02
The Effectiveness of Letrozole-Electroacupuncture Adjuvant Therapy in Reducing Resistance and Pulsatility Indices in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
No full textBackground: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder and the cause of 40% of infertility cases. In recent years, letrozole as an aromatase inhibitor has been reported to be effective for ovulation induction. In addition, electro acupuncture therapy can reduce tonic activity in the sympathetic vasoconstrictor pathway to the uterus. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Letrozole-Electroacupuncture adjuvant therapy in reducing the Resistance Index and Pulsatility Indices in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).Subjects and Method: This was an analytical observational study with a cohort approach. The subjects of the study were women aged 20-45 years based on age, body mass index (BMI), and period of infertility aspects. The sample consisted of 30 people who were divided into 2 groups, namely group 1 with letrozole therapy, while group 2 with additional electroacupuncture therapy and then carried out pre- and post-intervention examinations on day 19 and 21. The dependent variables were the Resistance Index value and the Pulsaitility Index value. The independent variables were Letrozole and Electroacupuncture therapies. The Resistance and Pulsatility Indices were measured using USG transabdominal Color Doppler Voluson P6. The data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney test.Results: The Pulsatility Index for group 1 on day 21 (Mean= 2.69; SD= 0.87) was higher than group 2 (Mean= 1.97; SD= 0.57), and it was statistically significant (p= 0.013).Conclusion: Letrozole-EA therapy reduce the Resistance and Pulsatility Indices.Keywords: Letrozole, acupuncture, endometrial receptivity, Polycystic Ovarian SyndromeCorrespondence: Dhamayanti Eka Octavia. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret/ Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dhamayanti[email protected]. Mobile: 081250355886.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(04): 422-429https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.04.0