Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH)
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Contraceptive Use in East Timorese Ex-Refugee Women in Indonesia: Determinants and Barriers
No full textBackground: Poor access to contraceptive services is a global health problem, especially in the marginal community order. Refugee camps and areas with weak community order are the groups with the lowest prevalence of contraceptive use. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting contraceptive use in East Timorese ex-refugee women.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at 3 ex-refugee settlements in Noelbaki village, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, from April to May 2019. A total of 76 women of reproductive age were selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was contraceptive use. The independent variables were education, family income, accessibility, and sociocultural. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression.Results: The likelihood of contraceptive use increased with high education (OR= 7.05; 95% CI= 1.16 to 42.76; p= 0.034), family income (OR= 9.36; 95% CI= 0.88 to 99.01; p= 0.063), good accessibility (OR= 27.53; 95% CI= 2.62 to 288.88; p=0.006), and supportive sociocultural (OR= 14.15; 95% CI= 2.14 to 83.63; p= 0.006).Conclusion: The likelihood of contraceptive use increases with high education, high family income, good accessibility, and supportive socioculturalKeywords: contraceptive, reproductive age, ex-refugee womenCorrespondence: Maria Paula Marla Nahak. Nursing Study Program, Universitas Citra Bangsa, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Email: marlanahak[email protected]. Mobile: +6282328282282.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(04): 365-375https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.04.0
The Association between Exclusive Breastfeeding, Maternal Nutritional Status, Maternal Zinc Intake, and Stunting in Infants Aged 6 Months
Get PDFBackground: Stunting is a form of malnutrition that has an impact on decreased learning achievement, motor and mental development and intellectual. Exclusive breastfeeding is a perfect nutrition for the First 1,000 Days of Life for normal growth. Maternal nutritional status also plays an important role for the success of breastfeeding whose indicators are measured by the duration of exclusive breastfeeding and the nutritional status of children. Adequacy of zinc is an important micronutrient during the child's growth period to prevent growth failure. This study aimed to analyze the association between exclusive breastfeeding, maternal nutritional status, maternal zinc intake, and stunting in infants aged 6 months.Subjects and Method: This was cross sectional study conducted in the 3 areas of Community Health Center, Jember Regency. The subjects of the study were infants aged 6 month and 115 mothers. Infants were selected by cluster sampling and simple random sampling for each area. The zinc intake data was obtained by the 24 hours Recall. Body Mass Index was used to obtain maternal nutritional status data. The stunting data measured by microtoise. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis.Results: Exclusive breastfeeding (b = - 0.61; 95% CI = -1.42 to 0.21; p = 0.143) and maternal zinc intake (b = -0.04; 95% CI = 1.35 to 0.58; p = 0.436) directly decreased the risk of stunting in infants. Maternal BMI indirectly affected the risk of stunting in infants through exclusive breastfeedingConclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding and maternal zinc intake directly decrease the risk of stunting in infants. Maternal BMI (Body Mass Index) indirectly affect to the risk of stunting in infants through exclusive breastfeeding.Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional status, zinc intake, stuntingCorrespondence: Ivanda Glanny Anindya. Masters Program in Nutrition, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6289648856374.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(1): 37-49https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.01.0
The Effect of Unplanned Pregnancy on Postpartum Depression: A Meta-Analysis
No full textBackground: World data shows that depression has a 50% higher percentage to accur in women due to hormonal, genetic, psychosocial and social stress changes. World data also shows that 13% of postpartum women experience depression. In developing countries, postpartum depression was high, which is at 19.8%. One of the risk factors that influence the occurrence of postpartum depression is unplanned pregnancy. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of unplanned pregnancy on postpartum depression based on a number of previous similar studies.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springer Link. The articles used in this research were articles published from 2005-2020. The article search was carried out by considering the eligibility criteria defined using PICO. The population in this study included postpartum mothers with intervention, namely unplanned pregnancy, the comparison namely planned pregnancy and the outcome was postpartum depression. The keywords to look for articles were: “unplanned Pregnancy” AND “postpartum depression OR“ postnatal depression” “unplanned pregnancy” AND “postpartum depression” AND “adjusted odds ratio”. The articles included in this study were full text articles with an observational study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: There are 17 articles reviewed in this study. Meta-analysis of 4 cohort studies show that unplanned pregnancy increased the risk of postpartum depression (aOR= 1.27; 95% CI= 1.09 to 1.47; p <0.001). A meta-analysis of 13 cross-sectional studies show that unplanned pregnancy increased the risk of postpartum depression (aOR= 2.28; 95% CI= 1.67 to 3.12; p <0.001).Conclusion: An unplanned pregnancy increases the risk of postpartum depression.Keywords: Unplanned pregnancy, postpartum depression, postnatal depressionCorrespondence: Dinda Anindita Salsabilla. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Ccentral Java. Email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(05): 500-513https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.05.05.
The Effect of Maternal Education and Antenatal Care on Basic Immunization Completeness in Children aged 12-23 Months in Asian and African: Meta-Analysis
No full textBackground: Immunization is a process that makes a person immune or immune to infectious diseases, usually by administering vaccines. A child is said to have received complete basic immunization if he has received one BCG immunization, three DPT-HB-Hib immunizations, four polio immunizations, and one measles immunization. This study aims to estimate the effect of maternal education and antenatal care on the provision of complete basic immunization for children aged 12-23 months in Asia and Africa by means of a meta-analysis.Subjects and Method: Meta-analyzes were performed by searching articles from the PubMed, SpringerLink, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords used are "immunization coverage" OR "vaccination coverage" OR "complete immunization" OR "complete vaccination" OR "full immunization" OR "full vaccination" AND children OR "child immunization" OR "child immunization coverage" AND "maternal education ”. The inclusion criteria in this study were full text articles, published in 2012-2020, using English, cross-sectional study design, the final results of the study using the adjusted odd ratio (aOR), and the study sample was children aged 12-23 months in Asia and Africa. Article analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results: There were eleven articles analyzed in total. The results showed maternal education and antenatal care could improve the provision of complete basic immunization to children aged 12-23 months in Asia and Africa, maternal education (aOR= 1.52; 95% CI= 1.06 to 2.18; p= 0.020), I2= 89% and care antenatal (aOR= 2.62; 95% CI= 1.84-3.72; p= 0.002), I2= 69%.Conclusion: Maternal education and antenatal care influence the provision of complete basic immunization to children aged 12-23 months in Asia and Africa.Keywords: Maternal education, antenatal care, complete basic immunization, children 12-23 monthsCorrespondence: Farida. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: farida[email protected]. Mobile: 085654415292.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(06): 614-628https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.06.02
School Based Intervention on Overweight in Children: A Meta Analysis
No full textBackground: Overweight is a serious nutritional problem in children. Currently, overweight is a nutritional problem in all countries, both developed and developing countries. One of the efforts to stop increasing overweight in children is to provide school-based interventions. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of school-based interventions on overweight in children based on a number of previous primary studies.Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis was performed by systematically reviewing articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, BMJ, ScienceDirect, BMC, and Sage. The articles used in this research are articles that have been published from 2007-2018. Keywords for searching articles are as follows: (preschool OR school) AND (intervention OR program prevention) AND ("children obesity" OR "children overweight") AND "randomized control trials" and "preschool based" OR "school based" AND intervention OR prevention OR program AND "childhood obesity" OR "childhood overweight" OR "children obesity" OR "children overweight". The inclusion criteria used were full paper, used English, randomized controlled trials study design and the results reported Risk Ratio (RR). Articles are collected using PRISMA diagrams and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 10 articles were reviewed in this study. Between experimental groups were homogeneous (I2= 0%; p= 0.570), therefore this study was conducted using a fixed effect model. Studies show that school-based interventions have the effect of reducing the BMI of overweight children (RR = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.82 to 0.97; p = 0.007) in China, the United States, Mexico, Germany, Portugal, France, and the UK.Conclusion: School-based interventions have the effect of reducing the risk of overweight in children in China, the United States, Mexico, Germany, Portugal, France, and the UK.Keywords: School-based intervention, overweight childrenCorrespondence: Riftiani Nikmatul Nurlaili. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085746737137.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(06): 683-392https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.06.08
Effects of Maternal Socioeconomic, Psychological, Nutritional Factor, and Ambient Smoke Exposure, on the Risk of Low Birth Weight: A Multilevel Evidence from Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta
No full textBackground: Low birth weight (lbw) is one of the main causes of infant mortality. Globally, 2.5 million infants die in the first month after birth, and about 1 million die in the first day of birth. This study aimed to determine the biopsychosocial and contextual factors of community health centers that cause low birth weight in Gunungkidul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Case Report: This case-control study was conducted at 25 community health centers in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from January to February 2020. A sample of 200 infants, consisting of 50 infants with LBW (case) and 150 infants with normal birth weight (control) was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was low birth weight. The independent variables were maternal education, early marriage, family income, frequency of ANC visits, maternal age at pregnancy, household cigarette smoke exposure, gestational stress, anemia, and maternal nutritional status. Data were collected using medical records, maternal and child health books, and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using multiple multilevel logistic regression analysis.Results: The risk of LBW increased with maternal age at pregnancy <20 years or ≥35 years (b= 1.9; 95% CI= 0.01 to 3.73; p= 0.050), cigarette smoke exposure (b= 1.9; 95% CI= 0.33 to 3.49; p= 0.018), high gestational stress (b= 1.8; 95% CI= -0.01 to 3.67; p= 0.050), and anemia (b= 3.1; 95% CI= 1.24 to 4.90; p= 0.001). The risk of LBW decreased with maternal education ≥Senior High School (b= -1.8; 95% CI= -3.14 to -0.53; p= 0.006), family income ≥Rp1,706,525 (b= -2.6; 95% CI= -3.94 to -1.27; p <0.001), and maternal MUAC ≥23.5 cm (b= -1.7; 95% CI = -3.25 to -0.17; p= 0.029).Conclusion: The risk of LBW increases with maternal age at pregnancy <20 years or ≥35 years, cigarette smoke exposure, high gestational stress, and anemia. The risk of LBW decreases with maternal education ≥Senior High School, family income ≥Rp1,706,525, and maternal MUAC ≥23.5 cm.Keywords: biopsychosocial, contextual effect, low birth weightCorrespondence: Isne Susanti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: isnesusanti@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285271128121.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(04): 446-455https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.04.12.
Meta-Analysis: The Effect of Breast Milk on Child Language
No full textBackground: Language development is an individual's ability to master vocabulary, speech, grammar, and pronunciation ethics within a certain period of time according to age development. Breast milk is the best food for babies, because it contains all the nutrients needed in the right amount to promote a child's growth and development. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of breastfeeding on children's language development by using meta-analysis.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springer Link. The articles used in this study were those published from 1999-2020. The article search was carried out by considering the eligibility criteria defined using the PICO model. The population in the study were children aged 2 months to 6 years old with intervention in the form of receiving breast milk, the comparison was that the outcome was not given breast milk in the form of language development. Keywords for searching articles are as follows: "language development" AND "breastfeeding" OR "breastmilk" AND "child" AND "observational". The articles included in this study are full text articles with an observational study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 11 articles were reviewed in this study. Meta-analysis of 7 cohort studies showed that breast milk improved children's language development (aOR= 1.19; 95% CI= 0.82 to 1.73; p= 0.35). Meta-analysis of 4 cross-sectional studies showed that breast milk improved children's language development (aOR= 1.54; 95% CI= 0.72 to 3.30; p= 0.27).Conclusion: Language development improved children's language development.Keywords: breastfeeding, breastmilk, language developmentCorrespondence: Liza Laela Abida. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085640115633.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(04): 579-589https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.05.11.
Path Analysis on the Effect of Healthy Behavior and other Determinants on Infant Mortality: Evidence from Karanganyar District, Central Java
No full textBackground: One indicator of a country's progress is the infant mortality rate. Infant mortality is affected by many factors, both exogenous and endogenous. This study aimed to determine the factors causing significant infant mortality to reduce infant mortality in Karanganyar Regency.Subjects and Method: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted in Karanganyar Regency from February to May 2020. The sample was 200 study subjects. The sample was selected by fixed disease sampling. The criteria were babies aged 1 month to fewer than 2 years. The variables observed for the effect were infant mortality, clean and healthy life behavior, exclusive breastfeeding, parental income, maternal education, infant nutritional intake, immunization status, birth weight of infants, illness history of infants, health services, cleanliness of the home environment. The data were collected by a set of questionnaires and analyzed using path analysis with Stata version 13.Results: The risk of infant mortality increased by the cleanliness of the home environment (b=3.84; 95%CI=1.76 to 5.92; p<0.001), infant nutrition intake (b=4.07; 95 CI=2.25 to 5.89; p<0.001), illness history of infants (b=3.03; 95%CI=1.34 to 4.72; p<0.001). The risk of infant mortality decreased by clean and healthy life behavior (b=-5.34; 95%CI=-7.75 to -2.94; p<0.001). Infant mortality was affected indirectly by exclusive breastfeeding, parental income, maternal education, birth weight of infants, immunization status, and health care facilities.Conclusion: Infant mortality is directly affected by the cleanliness of the home environment, clean and healthy life behavior, nutritional intake of infants, and illness history of infants. Infant mortality is indirectly affected by exclusive breastfeeding, parental income, maternal education, birth weight of infants, immunization status, and health care facilities.Keywords: Healthy behavior, determinant infant mortality, path analysisJournal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(05): 467-481https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.05.02.
Association between Receptive Language Skill and Social Communication Skill among Preschool Children: Path Analysis Evidence from Surakarta, Central Java
Get PDFBackground: Children with social communication problems run the risk of academic failure, difficulty forming friendships, social exclusion, and withdrawal. The ability of social communication is influenced by several factors including receptive language skills, parenting patterns, child birth order, and gender. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between receptive language skills and social communication skills using Path Analysis.Subjects and Method: This study used a cross sectional study design, which was conducted in Surakarta City, Central Java in January 2020. A sample of 200 people was selected using a random sampling technique. The dependent variable is the ability of social communication. The independent variable is receptive language ability, parenting, birth order, and gender. Data collection was performed using a questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis using Stata 13.Results: Good receptive language skills directly increase social communication skills (b = 3.21; 95% CI = 0.50 to 2.07; p = 0.001). The birth order of the first child directly increased the ability of social communication (b = 3.11; 95% CI = 0.45 to 1.99; p = 0.002). Democratic parenting directly increases the ability of social communication (b = 4.94; 95% CI = 1.40 to 3.24; p <0.001). Female sex directly increased social communication skills (b = 5.49; 95% CI = 1.41 to 2.98; p <0.001).Conclusion: Good social communication skills in pre-school age children increase directly with good receptive language skills, birth order of the first child, parenting patterns of democratic parents and female gender.Keywords: Social communication skills, receptive language skills, birth order, parenting, genderCorrespondence: Nadya Susanti. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, 57126. Email: nadyasusanti3@gmail.com. Mobile: 081568222014Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(3): 226-234https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.03.0
Contextual Effect of Preschool on the Development of Children Under Five in Surabaya, East Java
Get PDFBackground:The development of children in the first 1000 days is influential in the long term. Therefore, it requires education at an early age to achieve optimal development. This study aimed to analyze the contextual effect of early childhood education on the development of children under five at Surabaya.Subjects and Method:This was a cross-sectional study conducted 25 preschools in Wonokromo, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. The study population was all children aged 2-5 years. A sample of 200 children aged 2-5 years from 25 preschools was selected randomly. The dependent variable was child development. The independent variables were the history of infectious disease, exclusive breastfeeding, number of children, maternal education, maternal occupation, family income, nutritional status, mother tongue, birth weight, and preschool level. The data were analyzed using a multilevel multiple logistic regression run on STATA 13.Results: Child development disorders in children aged 2-5 years increased with history of infectious disease (b= 1.35; 95% CI= 0.39 to 2.31; p= 0.005), poor nutrition status (b= 1.07; 95% CI=0.06 to 2.08; p= 0.036), low family income (b= 1.89; 95% CI= 0.91 to 2.86; p<0.001), mothers who work outside (b= 1.06; 95% CI= 0.19 to 1.94; p= 0.017), low maternal education (b= 1.21; 95% CI= 0.20 to 2.22; p= 0.018), and non-exclusive breastfeeding (b= 1.48; 95% CI= 0.52 to 2.44; p= 0.002). Preschools had weak contextual effect on the development of children under five with ICC= 9.4%.Conclusion: Child development disorders in children aged 2-5 years increases with history of infectious disease, poor nutrition status, low family income, mothers who work outside, low maternal education, and non-exclusive breastfeeding. Preschools have weak contextual effect on the development of children under five.Keywords: child development, children under five, preschoolCorrespondence: Ajeng Ayu Titah Pujangkara. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +628116119511.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020, 5(3): 331-345https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.03.1