Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH)
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Path Analysis on the Effect of Breastfeeding Complementary Food Pattern, Maternal Schooling, Family Income, and Birthweight, on Nutritional Status in Children Underfive
Full text linkBackground: Indonesia is one among the 17 countries with the highest prevalence of stunting, wasting, and overweight in children under five. In 2013, the prevalence of moderate undernutrition and severe undernutrition was 13.9% and 5.7%, respectively, in children under five. The prevalence of stunting was 19.2%. The period from birth to 2 years is so called as a sensitive period when the deleterious exposure and inadequate food intake can result in negative impact on the quality of the future generation. This study aimed to analyze the effect of breastfeeding complementary food pattern, maternal schooling, family income, and birthweight, on nutritional status in children underfive.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational with cross sectional design. This study was carried out in Klaten, Central Java from December 2016 to January 2017. A total sample of 120 out of 1236 mothers who had children aged 6-24 months were selected for this study by multi-stage sampling. The dependent variable was nutritional status measured in weight for age. The independent variables were breastfeeding complementary food pattern, maternal schooling, family income, and birthweight. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and analyzed with path analysis model on IBM SPSS AMOS 22.Results: The path model showed goodness of fit with CMIN= 1.18; p=0.002; GFI=0.99; NFI=0.98; CFI=1.00; RMSEA=<0.01. Breastfeeding complementary food pattern (b=0.27; p=0.002) and birthweight (b=0.25; p=0.004) showed direct positive and statistically significant effect on weight fo age score. Family income < Rp 1.400.000 (b=0.06; p=0.481) showed direct positive but statistically non significant effect on weight for age score. Maternal education showed positive and statistically significant effect on family income (b=0.28; p=0.001).Conclusion: Breastfeeding complementary food pattern and birthweight are important determinant of nutritional status as measured in weight for age in children under five. Maternal education has a positive effect on family income. Family income does not show its effect on nutritional status in this study.Keywords: breastfeeding complementary food pattern, nutritional status, children under fiveCorrespondence: Ahmitta Laila Nurjanah. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2016), 1(3): 170-178https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.03.0
Effect of Family Income, Education, Occupation, and Birth Weight on Child Growth at Aisyiyah III Kindergarten, in Kadipiro, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Children under five years old are the future generation. Stages of child development during the golden period require stimulation to increase the potential of healthy children. As such the growth and development of children under five need serious attention. This study aimed to analyze the effect of family income, education, maternal occupation, and birth weight, on the development of children under five.Subjects and Method: The study was observational analytic using cross sectional design. The study was conducted in Kindergarten of Aisyiyah III Kadipiro in May-June 2016. A total sample of 50 subjects was selected for this study. The independent variables were family income, education, maternal occupation, and birth weight. The dependent variable was child development. The data were analyzed using a multivariate linear regression model.Results: Family income had a negative relationship with child development, but was not statistically significant (OR= 0:13; 95% CI <0.01 to 5.02; p= 0.274). Maternal education (OR= 22.22; 95% CI= 1.35 to 365.07; p= 0.030), occupation (OR= 96.18; 95% CI= 1.69 to 5644.84; p=0.027), and birth weight (OR= 32.21; 95% CI= 1.76 to 588.84; p= 0.019), had positive and statistically significant relationship with child development.Conclusion: Maternal education, maternal occupation, and birth weight have positive effect on child development.Keywords: family income, education, occupation, birth weightCorrespondence:Rusiana Sri Haryanti. School of Health, STIKes PKU Muhammadiyah, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2016), 1 (1): 1-6https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.01.0
The Relationship Between Parental Socio-Economic Status, Birthweight, and Development in Children Aged 1-5 Years in Surakarta
Full text linkBackground: Health report by The Ministry of Health in 2006 revealed that 16% of children under five had mild to severe development problem. About 5-10% of children under five had mental retardation. The current study hypotesized that parental socio-economic status such as family income and maternal education affect child development. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationshipbetween parental socio-economic status, birthweight, and development in children aged 1-5 years in Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with case control design. This study was conducted at Ngoresan Health Center, Surakarta, from December, 2016 to January, 2017. The study population was children under five living within the area of Ngoresan Health Center. A total of 100 children under five was selected by fixed disease sampling, consisting of 25 cases and 75 controls. The dependent variable was child development, measured by Ministry of Health’s KPSP. The independent variables were family income, maternal education, and birthweight. The data were analyzed by chi-square and multiple logistic regression.Results:T here were positive and statistically signifcant relationships between maternal education ≥ high school (OR=1.61; 95% CI=1.5 to 15.7; p=0.046), family income ≥minimum regional wage(OR=5.1; 95% CI= 1.1 to 22.8; p=0.032), and normal birthweight (OR=8.5; 95% CI= 2.4 to 30.1; p=0.001) and child development.Conclusion: There are positiverelationships between highfamily income,high maternal education, normal birthweight, and normal development in children aged 1-5 years.Keywords: parental socio-economic status, birthweight, child development Correspondence: Rizka Agnes Kusumasari. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2016), 1(3): 195-199https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.03.07