Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH)
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Social Determinants in Association with Postpartum Blues during the Transition Period of COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic has considerably impacted individuals' lives, extensively from mental and socioeconomic aspects, that requires someone to adapt. For postpartum mothers who also need to go through the maternal psychological adaptation phase, the pandemic could impose overwhelming emotional tension on them, increasing the risk of experiencing postpartum blues. This study aims to analyze the relationship between social factors that are affected during a pandemic with the incidence of postpartum blues on screening test results during the transition period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Banyumanik, Semarang.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Banyumanik, Semarang, from November to December 2022. 39 subjects were selected using a consecutive sampling technique. The dependent variable is postpartum blues. The independent variables include marital status, employment status of the mother, employment status of the spouse, and family income level. The study instrument was EPDS questionnaire. The data were analyzed used Chi-square. Results: Out of 39 subjects, 13 (33.3%) were experiencing postpartum blues, and 26 (66.7%) were not experiencing it. Mother’s employment status associated with postpartum blues. Mothers who unemployed have a risk of experiencing postpartum blues 1.65 times compared to employed, but these were not statistically significant (OR= 1.65; 95% CI= 0.40 to 6.77; p= 0.727). Family income level associated with postpartum blues. Mothers with low to moderate family income reduced postpartum blues by 0.73 times compared to mothers with high income levels, but these were not statistically significant (OR= 0.73; 95%CI= 0.19 to 2.80; p= 0.908). Meanwhile, marital status and spouse employment status were not related to the incidence of postpartum blues.Conclusion: Mother’s employment status and family income status associated with postpartum blues. Meanwhile, marital status and spouse employment status were not related to the incidence of postpartum blues.Keywords: social factors, postpartum blues, screening test results, COVID-19 pandemic.Correspondence: Salwa Tsabitah Althaf Mujab, Medical Bachelor Program, Faculty of Medicine, UPN Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia. Jl. Rumah Sakit Fatmawati, Pondok Labu, Jakarta Selatan, DKI Jakarta 12450. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +628122608388.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 08(02): 227-236https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.02.10
Effect of Stunting Education Counseling with Booklet Media on Parental Knowledge and Attitude As an Effort to Overcome Stunting
No full textBackground: Stunting is developmental disorders experienced by children due to poor nutrition, repeated infections, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. The problem of stunting in children under five shows an average rate of 35.3% in West Java. Stunting is a problem because it is associated with an increased risk of disease and death, suboptimal brain development, which results in delayed motor development and stunted mental growth. Jamika sub-district has a high prevalence of stunting under five in West Java, which is 23.7%. Pharmacists as Agents of Change can also optimize their role by providing information and education on stunting prevention.Subjects and Method: This study uses a design Pretest-posttest control group design at the Posyandu, Jamika Village, from February to April 2022. The total sample in this study was 30 people who were taken from mothers who had toddler 0-24 months of age. Samples were obtained by simple random sampling. The dependent attitudes of parents. The independent variable was knowledge. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using chi square test and odds ratio (OR).Results: Good knowledge increased the attitude of parents in efforts to overcome stunting at Posyandu, Jamaika village. Parents with good knowledge increased attitude by 1.40 times to have a positive attitude in efforts to overcome stunting, and this result is statistically significant (OR= 1.40; 95% CI= 0.87 to 2.23; p= 0.008).Conclusion: There was a relationship between good knowledge with attitude of parents as an effort to overcome stunting in the Posyandu, Jamika village with booklet media.Keywords: stunting, booklet, knowledge, attitudes, parents.Correspondence: Dendy Triatmaja. Master of Clinical Pharmacy Study Program. Padjadjaran University. Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 082250888878. Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(01): 105-115https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.01.10
The Role of Ferritin Serum Level as Predictor Sepsis Mortality on Children in Dr. Moewardi Hospital of Surakarta
No full textBackground: Sepsis cause death in the worldwide pediatric population. Eestablishing the diagnosis of sepsis in children is challenging because the symptoms are varied and not specific. Serum ferritin is an acute phase protein which can be elevated in sepsis. This study aimed to determine the role of ferritin level as a predictor for sepsis mortality in pediatric patientSubject and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in children aged between 1 months and 18 years old diagnosed with sepsis who were treated at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta from November 2021 to April 2022. The statistical analysis used SPSS 25 with p<0.05 was considered significant. The cut off point of serum ferritin level was determined with ROC curve.Results: Twenty septic children were included in study, of whom 8 children died and 12 children survived. The mean serum ferritin levels of the subjects who survived and died were 925 ng/ml and 1257 ng/ml, respectively. The serum ferritin level wiht the cut off point of 975 ng/ml had sensitivity and specificity of 87.5% and 75% respectively (p=0.006).Conclusion: Serum ferritin level can be predictor of mortality in children with sepsis.Keywords: ferritin, mortality in sepsis, childrenCorrespondence: Agus Sucianto. Department of Pediatrics, Sebelas Maret University/ Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Kolonel Sutarto Street No. 132, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 081227595134.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(02): 210-216https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.02.08
Meta-Analysis the Effect of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Anemia in Children Under Five
No full textBackground: The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia is still high, especially in children under five. One effort to prevent iron deficiency anemia is exclusive breastfeeding for newborns. This study aims to analyze exclusive breastfeeding on the incidence of anemia in children under five.Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis, with PICO as follows Population = toddlers aged <5 years. Intervention = exclusive breastfeeding. Comparison = non-exclusive breastfeeding. Outcome = iron deficiency anemia. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases including PubMed, Springer Link, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, which were published from 2012 to 2022. The keywords to search for articles are as follows: "Children" AND ("exclusive Breastfeeding" OR "formula" OR "mixed feeding") AND (anemia OR "Iron deficiency"). The articles included in this study were full-text articles with a cross-sectional study design. Articles are collected using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A meta-analysis of 9 cross-sectional studies from Ethiopia, Taiwan, Bangladesh and China concluded that exclusive breastfeeding is effective in reducing the risk of anemia in children under five. Toddlers who are exclusively breastfed have a risk of developing anemia 0.55 times compared to those who are not exclusively breastfed, and the reduced risk is statistically significant (aOR= 0.55; 95% CI= 0.32 to 0.92; p= 0.020).Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding is effective in reducing the risk of anemia in children under five.Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, anemia, toddlersCorrespondence: Fikri Dian Dinu Azizah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 081225002311.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(02): 237-246https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.02.1
Experiences and Coping Strategies of School Going Breastfeeding Adolescents from Katima-Mulilo and Sesheke Secondary Schools in Sesheke district, Western Province of Zambia
No full textBackground: The re-entry policy was introduced in Zambia in 1997 to allow pregnant girls to continue their education. However, the increase in dropout rates among re-entered adolescents has become a significant concern in schools, so it is necessary to explore and understand the lived experiences of school-going breastfeeding adolescents. The re-entry policy needs to be revised to protect the school-going breastfeeding adolescent (SGBA) from the challenges related to mothering while schooling. The study aimed to explore the experiences and coping strategies of SGBA in Secondary Schools of Western Province in Zambia.Subjects and Method: The study employed a descriptive phenomenology design—the research sample comprised sixteen (16) participants. Fourteen (14) girls re-entered after maternity leave. Nine (9) from Sesheke and five from Katima-Mulilo secondary schools, including two (2) guidance teachers, one (1) from each school. A purposive sampling technique without maximum variation was used. Data generation was through in-depth, semi-structured interview guides and which were audio recorded. In addition, the data underwent manual and Microsoft word coding accompanied by Nvivo version 11 and thematic analysis.Results: The findings revealed that breastfeeding school-going breastfeeding adolescents experienced many challenges in pursuing and completing their school. The challenges ranged from combining roles of schooling and mothering, financial challenges, stigma and discrimination, poor academic performance and lack of breastfeeding space within school premises, including minimal and lack of support from peers and school authority.Conclusion: The data shows the numerous challenges faced by breastfeeding adolescents. Therefore, the Ministry of Education, schools, parents and other stakeholders should review and amend the re-entry policy to enable it to respond to girls’ needs to improve their stay in school and performance.Keywords: Coping Strategies, Breastfeeding, Adolescents, Experiences, School-going. Correspondence: Mooto Mutakatala, Department of Midwifery Women and Child Health, Faculty of Midwifery, University of Zambia, Lusaka, School of Nursing Sciences P O BOX 50110. Email: mootomutaka[email protected]. Mobile:+26 0977502912.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 08(03): 370-381https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.03.12
Prenatal, Perinatal, and Other Risk Factors of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Soerojo Hospital
No full textBackground: Long-term negative effects on academic ability and social activities can persist into adulthood in children with neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder/ ADHD). Genetic, neurotransmitter, neurological, environmental, psychosocial, brain trauma, and addictive factors are some of the predisposing factors for ADHD. But theoretically, maternal risk factors often contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders, because of their potential influence on child brain development. This study aimed to assess the proportion of maternal risk factors consisting of prenatal, perinatal, and other factors of ADHD in Soerojo Hospital.Subjects and Method: A descriptive-analytic study with a retrospective approach was conducted on April-June 2022 at Soerojo Hospital. A total of 90 subjects pediatric patients diagnosed with ADHD selected by purposive sampling. The data were collected using questionnaires. The data were described in frequency (n) and percent (%).Results: The proportion of prenatal risk factors are mother’s age at pregnancy (19%), maternal disease history (8%), hormonal contraception pre-pregnancy (24%), maternal psychopathology (34%), maternal excess weight (49%); the proportion of perinatal risk factors are premature birth (12%), operative abdominal and vaginal delivery (49%), low birth weight (13%), neonatal emergencies (34%); while other factors are hereditary factors (13%), exposure to cigarettes (47%), and marital conditions (23%).Conclusion: The most common maternal risk factors were maternal excess weight, operative abdominal and vaginal delivery, exposure to cigarettes, maternal psychopathology, and neonatal emergencies.Keywords: ADHD, maternal risk factor, prenatal, perinatal.Correspondence: Doddy Sutanto, Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Soerojo Hospital, Magelang, Indonesia, Jl. Ahmad Yani No. 169, Magelang 56115, Central Java. Email: doddysutanto.soerojohospital@gmail.com.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(03): 335-346https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.03.08
Development of Mobile Health EPDS for Early Detection of Postpartum Blues for Postpartum Mothers at The Working Area of Puskesmas Sentani, Jayapura Regency
No full textBackground: Postpartum mothers who cannot adapt to their new role as parents or have no family support can experience psychological (mental) disorders, namely postpartum blues, postpartum depression, and even postpartum psychosis. The purpose of this study was to produce MHEPDS for early detection of postpartum blues.Subjects and Method: Research and Development (R&D) & quasi-experimental research was conducted on postpartum mothers in the work area of the Sentani Health Center, Jayapura Regency from May 2022 to July 2022. A sample of 30 postpartum mothers was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable is mobile health EPDS. The independent variable is the EPDS scale. Other data collected by questionnaire. Data were analyzed by analyzing paired sample T test using the Stata 13 application.Results: Based on the results of the feasibility test of the MHEPDS application by psychologists, media and midwives for the design aspect the figure was 89.33% and for the clarity of information aspect it was 82.67%. For scores ranging from 81-100%, it is declared very feasible. The paired samples T test showed no difference between MHEPDS (Mean=15.2; SD=6.70) and EPDS (Mean=14.9; SD=6.52), and this result was not statistically significant (p= 0.662).Conclusion: The MHEPDS application has been made and can be used to detect postpartum blues events. The feasibility test for the application is declared feasible and can be used in postpartum mothers.Keywords: Postpartum blues, EPDS, MHEPDS, Research and Development.Correspondence: Endah Purwanti Handayani, Diploma III Midwife Study Program Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan (Stikes) Jayapura. Jl. Youmakhe Kelurahan Hinekombe Sentani 99352, Papua. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085254440490.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(03): 278-289https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.03.03
Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Nutritional Intakes, and Living Arrangement with Menstrual Cycle Among Students
No full textBackground: Disorders of the menstrual cycle are common in women aged 18-26 years. Riskesdas 2013 data shows that as many as 13.7% of women of childbearing age experience problems with irregular menstrual cycles. Disturbances in the menstrual cycle can cause infertility and decrease the quality of life of students. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between BMI, nutritional intake patterns, and living arrangements with the menstrual cycle of female students at the Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, from July to September 2022. A total of 176 female students from the Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, class of 2018-2021 were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The dependent variable is the menstrual cycle. The independent variables are body mass index (BMI), patterns of nutritional intake, and living arrangements. The instrument used in this research is a questionnaire. Research data were analyzed using binary logistic regression.Results: Overweight BMI (OR= 49.32; 95%CI= 9.57 to 254.35; p<0.001) and patterns of excess nutrition (OR= 28.69 95%CI= 4.97 to 165.94; p<0.001) have a relationship with female students' menstrual cycles Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga UniversityConclusion: Overweight BMI and nutritional intake patterns together have a relationship to the menstrual cycle of female students at the Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University.Keywords: body mass index, pattern of nutritional intake, living arrangement, menstrual cycleCorrespondence: Aliza Umar Indriani, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo No.47, Pacar Kembang, Kec. Tambaksari, Kota SBY, Jawa Timur 60132. Email: [email protected] . Mobile: +6281252337795Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(01): 48-57https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.01.05
The Differences Women’s Sexual Drive Condition Using Triclofem and Cyclofem
No full textBackground: Various factors contribute to changes in the condition of a woman's sexual drive, one of which is the use of hormonal contraception. The majority of women of childbearing age use the injectable hormonal contraceptive method to prevent pregnancy. The injection method of contraception consists of two types, namely triclofem and cyclofem. However, until now it is not known with certainty the difference in sexual drive between triclofem and cyclofem contraception users. The purpose of this study was to compare the value of total sexual drive in users of triclofem and cyclofem contraception. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2022 at PMB Maria, Tambaksari District, Surabaya City. A total of 152 subjects were selected in this study. The dependent variable is sexual drive, the independent variable is the use of triclofem and cyclofem contraception. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: There was a significant difference between the mean sexual drive for users of triclofem contraception and the mean sexual drive for users of cyclofem contraception, namely users who were ≥35 years old (p= 0.001), worked (p= 0.020), and had used contraception >2 years (p = 0.004). Contraceptive users aged 2 years. Also, users of triclofem contraception show lower sexual drive than users of cyclofem contraception.Keywords: sexual drive, contraceptive users, triclofem, and cyclofem.Correspondence: Sekar Arum Aisyah Syabani. Midwifery Program Study, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo No.47, Pacar Kembang, Kec. Tambaksari, Kota SBY, Jawa Timur 60132. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281385876519.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(01): 70-77https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.01.07
A Study on The Disease Pattern and Outcome in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Tertiary Care Hospital of Andhra Pradesh
No full textBackground: There was very scanty data available regarding the neonatal morbidity and mortality patterns in NICU. Hence, the current study aimed to document and analyze the disease pattern, and outcome in neonates admitted in NICU of tertiary care center.Subjects and Method: A prospective observational study was conducted at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of SVRRGGH, Tirupati from September 2014 to August 2015. A total of 2287 newborns were admitted who met selection criteria. All neonate’s demographics, clinical profile, and outcome were analyzed.Results: From a total of 2287 newborns, 71.7% were delivered vaginally, 56.05% were male, 38.0% were 2.5kg, 23.2% of whom out born, and majority died before 7 days of age. Neonatal sepsis (30.65%) is the most common cause of death followed by birth asphyxia hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in 29.04%, hyaline membrane disease (11.03%), neonatal jaundice (9.68%), meconium aspiration syndrome (7.69%), hemorrhagic disease of newborn (1.68%), and congenital malformations (2.79%). There was a statistical association observed between neonatal death and gender (p= 0.023); neonatal death and mode of admission; neonatal death and gestational age (p <0.001); neonatal death and birth Weight (p< 0.001).Conclusion: current study identified preterm, low birth weight, neonatal sepsis, birth asphyxia, Hyaline membrane disease as major causes of morbidity and Neonatal sepsis, Hyaline Membrane Disease, and HIE as the major contributors to the neonatal mortality. Improving antenatal care, maternal health checkup and timely referral of high risk cases to tertiary care centers may help to improve neonatal outcome.Keywords: neonatal sepsis, antenatal care, low birth weight, neonatal mortality.Correspondence: Murali Krishnaiah, Department of Pediatrics, RIMS, Kadapa.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(03): 312-323https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.03.06