Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH)
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Meta-Analysis: Amniotic Meconium and Low Birth Weight as Predictors of Asphyxia in Newborns
No full textBackground: Preterm birth, intrapartum-related complications (birth asphyxia or difficulty breathing at birth), infections and birth defects accounted for the majority of neonatal deaths in 2017. Low birth weight and amniotic fluid with meconium are factors associated with perinatal asphyxia. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to estimate the influence of meconium in the amniotic fluid and low birth weight on the risk of asphyxia in newborns based on the results of previous similar studies.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA flow diagram. The formula for PICO is as follows: P= newborn, I= mixed amniotic fluid with low birth weight, C = clear amniotic fluid and normal birth weight (≥2,500 g). Database: PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinical Key, Springer Link and Science Direct with keywords ("asphyxia" OR "birth asphyxia") AND ("meconium stained amniotic" OR "meconium stained liquor" OR "meconium stained amniotic liquor") AND "Low birth weight" AND "newborns" AND "cross sectional". The research inclusion criteria were full text articles and in English. Articles published from 2010 to 2020. The study design was cross-sectional with multivariate analysis using Revman 5.3 and results reported in adjusted odds ratio (aOR).Results: The results of the meta-analysis in 11 primary studies showed that the effect of meconium in the amniotic fluid was statistically significant in increasing the risk of asphyxia in newborns by 5.16 times compared to clear membranes (aOR 5.16; 95% CI = 3.73-7.13; p <0.001). The effect of low birth weight was statistically significant in increasing the risk of asphyxia in newborns by 2.94 times compared to normal birth weight (aOR 2.94; 95% CI = 1.84-4.70; p <0.001).Conclusion: Amniotic meconium and low birth weight increase the incidence of newborn asphxia. Early detection in proper control and monitoring of labor, development of a comprehensive partograph and adequate prenatal care with the provision of social support reduces the frequency and negative effects of perinatal asphyxia.Keywords: meconium in the amniotic fluid, low birth weight, asphyxia, newbornsCorrespondence: Alfiati Nanda Widiyaningrum. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: widiyaningruma@gmail.com. Mobile: 081327524537.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(05): 590-600https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.05.12.
Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Prenatal Stress on the Premature Birth
No full textBackground: Premature birth is a major global public health problem, especially in developing countries. One of the causes of this incident is exposure to psychological stress experienced during pregnancy. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of prenatal stress on preterm birth using a meta-analysis study.Subjects and Method: The meta-analysis research was conducted by selecting articles published in the years 2006-2020, from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Directory of Open Access (DOAJ), and Springer Link databases. The article search was carried out by considering the eligibility criteria defined using the PICO model. The population in the study were pregnant women with high stress prenatal intervention, comparison with low stress and preterm birth outcomes. This article was collected for 1 month using the following keywords: "Prenatal Stress" AND "Preterm Birth". The inclusion criteria were a free full text study, using English and Indonesian, high stress pregnant women, observational studies, and the results were reported in the Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR). The meta-analysis study was carried out with the Review Manager 5.3 program.Results: Meta-analysis of 10 cohort studies showed that pregnant women with high stress were at risk for preterm birth (aOR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.73; p = 0.02), and 4 case-control studies showed that pregnant women with high stress had a risk for preterm birth (aOR = 2.00; 95% CI = 0.61 to 6.50; p = 0.25).Conclusion: Prenatal stress has a risk of preterm birth.Keywords: Pregnant women, prenatal stress, preterm birth, meta-analysisCorrespondence: Irfa Nur Faujiah. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6282127200347.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(06): 601-613https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.06.01
Path Analysis on the Biopsychosocial Determinants of Infertility among Reproductive Aged Women in Surakarta, Central Java
Get PDFBackground: Infertility is a multidimensional problem. This problem occurs not only because of health problems related to anatomic factors such as problems in the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and endometrium, but also there are more factors such as physiological, genetic, and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the incidence of infertility in women.Subjects and Method: A case control study was conducted at the Gynecology Obstetrics Polyclinic and Sekar Fertility Clinic, Dr. Moewardi hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, from October to November 2019. A sample of 200 women reproductive age was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was infertility. The independent variables were age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, endometriosis, family history, exposure to cigarette smoke, and stress. The data were obtained from medical record and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis run on Stata 13.Results: Infertility in women was directly increased with age 35 years (b= 1.20; 95% CI= 0.18 to 2.22; p= 0.021), BMI <18 or ≥25 (b= 2.93; 95% CI= 1.95 to 3.91; p<0.001), high physical activity (b= 1.30; 95% CI= 0.28 to 2.33; p= 0.013), endometriosis (b= 1.17; 95% CI= 0.20 to 2.13; p= 0.018), exposure to cigarette smoke (b= 1.19; 95% CI= 0.20 to 2.23; p= 0.023), and severe stress (b= 1.18; 95% CI= 0.27 to 2.08; p= 0.011). Infertility in women was indirectly increased with age, physical activity, and family history of infertile.Conclusion: Infertility in women is directly increased with age 35 years, BMI <18 or ≥25, high physical activity, endometriosis, exposure to cigarette smoke, and severe stress. Infertility in women is indirectly increased with age, physical activity, and family history of infertile.Keywords: female infertility, risk factors, path analysisCorrespondence: Luthfia Zauma. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, 57126. Email:[email protected]. Mobile: 0813379 77377.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(2): 173-181https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.02.0
Does the Integrated Health Post have Contextual Effect on Exclusive Breastfeeding? A Multilevel Evidence from Karanganyar, Central Java
Get PDFBackground: Breastfeeding provides amazing benefits for the health of the child and the mother. WHO and UNICEF suggest a mother should be able to practice and maintain exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of her baby's life. This study aimed to analyze contextal effect of integrated health post on exclusive breastfeeding.Subjects and Method: This was cross sectional study conducted in 25 integrated health posts (posyandu) in Karanganyar, Central Java, from August to September 2019. A sample of 200 nursing lactating mothers who had children aged 7 to 12 months was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was exclusive breastfeeding. The independent variables were maternal age, education, occupation, type of birth delivery, knowledge, attitude, family support, and social capital. The data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analysis by multilevel multiple logistic regression with Stata 13.Results: Exclusive breastfeeding increased with maternal age 20 to 34 years (b= 2.38; 95% CI= 0.62 to 4.15; p= 0.008), maternal education ≥Senior high school (b= 1.64; 95% CI= 0.01 to 3.23; p= 0.049), good knowledge (b= 2.13; 95% CI= 0.41 to 3.86; p= 0.015), positive attitude (b= 1.67; 95% CI= 0.10 to 3.23; p= 0.036), strong family support (b= 1.58; 95% CI= 0.10 to 3.07; p= 0.036), and strong social capital (b= 1.64; 95% CI= 0.01 to 3.27; p= 0.049). Exclusive breastfeeding decreased with mother working outside the house (b= -3.54; 95% CI= -5.50 to -1.58; p<0.001) and sectio caesarea (b= -1.88; 95% CI= -3.58 to -3.58 to -0.19; p= 0.029). Integrated health post had strong contextual effect on exclusive breastfeeding with intra-class correlation (ICC)= 29.3%.Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding increases with maternal age 20 to 34 years, high maternal education, good knowledge, positive attitude, strong family support, and strong social capital. Exclusive breastfeeding decreases with mother working outside the house and sectio caesarea. Integrated health post has strong contextual effect on exclusive breastfeeding.Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, multilevel analysis, posyanduCorrespondence: Lathifah ‘Arub, Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085789212539Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(1): 100-110https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.01.11
Contextual Factors of Posyandu on Cadre Performance in Providing Maternal and Child Health Service in Surakarta, Central Java
Get PDFBackground: Cadre performance is an indicator of the success of the Posyandu program in maternal and child health services. Individual and social factors can influence the performance of cadres in providing health services. The purpose of this study was to determine factors affecting cadre performance in Surakarta, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross sectional design. The study was conducted on 25 integrated health services (posyandu) in Surakarta, Central Java, from June to July 2019. A sample of 200 cadres was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was cadre performance. The independent variables were age, marital status, education, work, tenure, training, knowledge, and information. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel logistic regression run on Stata 13.Results: Good cadre performance increased with age ≥39 years (b = 1.70; 95% CI= 0.67 to 2.74; p= 0.035), education ≥senior high school (b= 2.69; 95% CI= 1.10 to 4.28; p= 0.030), working at home (b= 1.87; 95% CI= 0.81 to 2.93; p= 0.024), tenure >3 years (b= 2.39; 95% CI= 1.21 to 3.56; p= 0.009), had trained (b= 1.94; 95% CI= 0.86 to 3.01; p= 0.021), married (b= 1.68; 95% CI= 0.75 to 2.60; p= 0.021), good knowledge (b= 2.17; 95% CI= 0.95 to 3.40; p= 0.023), and good information (b= 1.50; 95% CI= 0.36 to 2.63; p= 0.091). Posyandu had strong contextual effect on cadre performance with intraclass correlation (ICC)= 53.22%.Conclusion: Good cadre performance increases with age ≥39 years, education ≥senior high school, working at home, tenure >3 years, had trained, married, good knowledge, and good information. Posyandu has strong contextual effect on cadre performance.Keywords: work performance, maternal and child health, health services, cadreCorrespondence: Restu Pangestuti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, JL. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085741405163 Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(1): 28-36https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.01.0
Contextual Effect of Community Health Service on the Use of Triple Elimination Service
Get PDFBackground: Triple elimination is the elimination of transmission of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B from mother to child. The Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) program is a comprehensive activity. The basic condition of the case is carried out because of the importance of health promotion and early detection in strategies for managing HIV, Syphilis, and Hepatitis B infections. This study aimed to analyzecontextual effect of community health service on the use of triple elimination service in pregnant women.Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at 25 community health centers in Sragen Regency, Central Java, from June to July 2019. A sample of 200 pregnant women was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was the use of triple elimination. The independent variables were age, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, cues to action, attitude, motivation, occupation, income, and distance to health service. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and analyzed by multilevel multiple logistic regression.Results: The use of triple elimination increased with age ≥35 years (b=1.29; 95% CI=0.37 to 2.21; p=0.006), working outside the home (b=1.20; 95%CI=0.17 to 2.23; p=0.012), income by ≥Rp 1,600,000 (b=1.52; 95% CI=0.54 to 2.50; p=0.002), perceived susceptibility (b=1.46; 95% CI=0.53 to 2.38; p=0.002), perceived seriousness (b=1.53; 95% CI=0.55 to 2.50; p=0.002), cues to action (b=1.30; 95% CI=0.30 to 2.30; p=0.010), attitude (b=1.10; 95% CI=0.02 to 2.18; p=0.046), and strong motivation (b=1.68; 95% CI=0.66 to 2.71; p=0.001). The use of triple elimination decreased by a distance ≥5km (b=-1.36; 95% CI=-2.27 to -0.46; p= 0.003). Community health center had strong contextual effect on the use of triple elimination with ICC= 22.6%.Conclusion: The use of triple elimination increases with age ≥35 years, working outside the home, income by ≥Rp 1,600,000, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, cues to action, attitude, and strong motivation. The use of triple elimination decreases by a distance ≥5km. Community health center has strong contextual effect on the use of triple elimination.Keywords: triple elimination, Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned BehaviorCorrespondence: Prissy Verasita. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285879-345269.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(1): 68-78https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.01.0
Associations between Maternal Nutritional Status, Carbohydrate, Fat, and Protein Intakes, and Low Birth Weight in Jember, East Java
Get PDFBackground: Pregnancy can cause several bodily changes, both anatomically, physiologically, and biochemically. Mothers' metabolism and food intake will change during pregnancy. Food intake of pregnant women will increase every trimester, so it must be considered because it is not only for herself, but for the fetus she is carrying. Excessive carbohydrate intake has an adverse effect on babies born, lack of excessive intake is also not good. This study aims to analyze the association between nutritional status, carbohydrate, fat, and protein intakes of pregnant women with birth weight (BBL).Subjects and Methods: This was a cohort study conducted at community health center in Jember, East Java, from April to June 2019. The sample was randomly selected as many as 120 study subjects. The dependent variable was birth weight (LBW). The independent variables were carbohydrate, fat, protein intakes and maternal nutritional status. The data collection technique used was questionnaires and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Birth weight directly increased with the maternal nutritional status (b= 38.65; 95% CI= 24.96 to 53.33; p<0.001) and carbohydrate intake of pregnant women with birth weight (b= 0.53; 95% CI= - 0.48 to 1.54; p= 0.149). Birth weight directly decreased with protein intake (b= -0.53; 95% CI= -3.09 to 2.98; p= 0.729) (b= -0.75; 95% CI= -3.11 to 1.60; p= 0.010). Maternal carbohydrate and protein intake had an indirect association and birth weight.Conclusion: There is a direct association between fat intake and maternal nutritional status with birth weight. Nutritional status has a positive effect on birth weight. While fat intake has a negative effect on birth weight. Maternal carbohydrate and protein intake has an indirect effect on birth weight.Keywords: birth weight, macronutrient intake, nutritional statusCorrespondence: Brillia Firsti Winasandis. Masters Program in Nutrition, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281331221655.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(1): 1-11https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.01.0
Path Analysis on the Fad Diets and other Factors Affecting the Risk of Chronic Energy Deficiency among Adolescent Females at the Boarding School
Get PDFBackground: Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) is a state of lack of energy and protein intake that lasts for a long time continuously and causes health problems. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors underlying the CED events in female students in boarding schools in Yogyakarta students.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at the Yogyakarta Student Islamic Boarding School. A sample of 200 female adolescents aged 19-24 years was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was CED. The independent variables were body image perception, energy intake, protein intake, fad diets, body mass index (BMI), stress, and nutritional knowledge. The data were measured by digital weight scale, microtoise, midline, and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis run on STATA 13. Results: CED in female adolescent was directly increased with negative body image perception (b= 0.83; 95% CI= 0.02 to 1.65; p= 0.044), fad diet (b= 1.37; 95% CI= 0.54 to 2.21; p<0.001), and severe stress (b= 1.94; 95% CI= 1.08 to 2.82; p< 0.001). CED was directly decreased with high energy intake (b= -1.18; 95% CI= -1.99 to -0.37; p= 0.005), high protein intake (b= -1.20; 95% CI= -2.22 to -0.19; p= 0.020), high nutritional knowledge (b= -0.83; 95% CI= -1.62 to -0.05; p= 0.038), and high BMI (b= -3.03; 95% CI= -5.15 to -0.90; p= 0.005). CED was indirectly associated with fad diets and stress through BMI.Conclusion: in female adolescent is directly increased with negative body image perception, fad diet, and stress. CED is directly decreased with high energy intake, high protein intake, high nutritional knowledge, and high BMI. CED is indirectly associated with fad diets and stress through BMI.Keywords: chronic energy deficiency, fad diet, path analysisJournal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(3): 251-264https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.03.04
The Determinant of Stunting Prevalence in 24-59 Month Children in Hayahaya Village, Western Limboto Sub-district, Gorontalo Regency
No full textBackground: Stunting is among the nutritional problems that lead to deficits in the children’s life quality, hindering the children’s growth. Indonesia ranks fifth as the country with the most stunting prevalence in 24-59 month children; this includes groups who are at risk of malnutrition. Short-term consequences of stunting involve problems in brain development and physical growth, while the long-term effects include cognitive and learning skill deficits.Subjects and Method: This quantitative study relied on the analytical observation method with the cross-sectional design, with the independent variables, such as a mother’s education level, family income, parenting styles, newborn height, newborn weight, birth spacing, and breastfeeding records. The dependent variable is stunting prevalence. Out of 95 of the total population, 76 children who met the inclusion criteria were selected as the sample. This study relied on the result of several data analyses, including univariate, bivariate, and multivariate tests. Further, the chi-square analysis and logistic regression enter method were also employed.Results: The result shows that the mother’s education level, family income, parenting styles, birth height, and birth weight contribute to the stunting prevalence of the children.Conclusion: In conclusion, parenting styles are the dominant variable that correlates with the stunting of the children.Keywords: stunting, parenting style, breastfeeding, birthweightCorrespondence: Rabia Zakaria. Department of Midwifery, Health Polytechnic of Ministry of Health Gorontalo, Indonesia. E-mail: rabiasubarkah@gmail.com, Phone: +62-823-4879-4086.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 05(03): 287-296https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.03.0
Premature Rupture of Membrane Outcome Determinants in Reproductive Age Women
No full textBackground: Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) may cause maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors related to PROM in pregnant women below 34 pg (OR= 0.10; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.86; p= 0.036) decreased the risk of premature of rupture membrane in women of reproductive age.Conclusion: Multigravida and MCH >34 pg decrease the risk of premature of rupture membrane in women of reproductive age.Keywords: premature rupture membraneCorrespondence: Putri Chairani Eyanoer. Department Community and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +62-813 7023-2513Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(4): 576-586https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.04.0