Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH)
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Meta-Analysis: The Effect of Lifestyle Interventions on Decreased Postpartum Weight Retention
No full textBackground: Postpartum weight retention is the increase in postnatal weight compared to pre-pregnancy weight. This weight gain may persist and increase the long-term prevalence of obesity in women. The application of lifestyle interventions consisting of diet, physical activity, and behavior change interventions is believed to be able to reduce postpartum weight retention. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions carried out during pregnancy for reducing postpartum weight retention based on various types of interventions derived from studies that have been conducted.Subjects and Method: The writing of this meta-analysis was based on the PRISMA 2020 flow diagram with population: pregnant women, intervention: lifestyle intervention, comparison: without lifestyle intervention, and outcome: postpartum weight retention. The selected articles are full articles, randomized controlled trials (RCT) issued in 2013 – 2022, and are in English. Selected studies were assessed based on the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for RCT and then analyzed using RevMan 5.3.Results: 778 articles were identified from December 2022 to January 2023 and 14 RCT articles were obtained for meta-analysis. The diet subgroup accompanied by a behavior change intervention had the largest effect size (SMD = -0.60, 95% CI -0.86 to -0.33, p < 0.001), followed by the diet subgroup accompanied by physical activity and behavior change intervention (SMD = -0.10, CI 95 % -0.14 to -0.06, p < 0.001). Physical activity was found to reduce postpartum weight retention, but not statistically significant. The results of the type of intervention subgroup difference test showed a statistically significant effect (p = 0.001).Conclusion: Diets coupled with behavioral interventions show superior results. Variations in the types of lifestyle interventions carried out during pregnancy can influence the success of interventions for postpartum weight loss.Keywords: Postpartum weight retention, lifestyle intervention, diet, physical activity, meta-analysisCorrespondence: Gina Fazrina, Master Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Central Java 57126, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281212533833.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(03): 264-277https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.03.02
The Influence of Maternal Social Deprivation on Undernutrition in Children Under 5 Years in Northern and Southern Nigeria
No full textBackground: Undernutrition is a global public health issue that has far-reaching consequences on the health and development of individuals as well as economic and social impacts on communities and countries. Middle and low-income countries like Nigeria bear the highest burdens and Nigeria has an unequal distribution of this burden between the North and South. Maternal socioeconomic factors have been implicated in the burden of undernutrition. This study examines the regional differences in these factors as key determinants of the inequalities in the distribution of the burden of undernutrition.Subjects and Method: We conducted a secondary data analysis of the child-recode data set from the cross-sectional 2018 Nigerian Demographic Health Survey (NDHS). NDHS participants were selected from all thirty-six states in Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) via a two-stage stratified cluster design. The child-recode data set includes 33,924 children aged 0 to 59 months. The dependent variables are weight for age, height for age, and weight for height. Independent variables of interest include the mother’s education, mother’s employment status, wealth quintile, and residence. Additional confounders included the age and sex of the child. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between region, maternal deprivation factors, and undernutrition.Results: The unadjusted odds of being underweight (OR=2.80; 95% CI=2.53 to 3.10; p<0.001), stunted (OR=3.09; 95% CI=2.84 to 3.37; p<0.001), or wasted (OR=1·91; 95% CI=1.62 to 2.28; p<0.001) were statistically significantly higher in children living in the North compared to children in the South. Across all 3 indices of undernutrition, the most consistent factors affecting childhood undernutrition were the mother's education (no formal education) and wealth quintile (poorest households). The regional differences in the prevalence of undernutrition persisted, after accounting for maternal deprivation factors that are more prevalent in the Northern parts of Nigeria.Conclusion: Policies and programs to improve childhood undernutrition should be community-centered and focus on mitigating the inequities in important contributory factors. Further research to explore the role of childhood infections and environmental factors such as water, sanitation, and hygiene in the regional differences in undernutrition in Nigeria is needed.Keywords: nutrition, social deprivation, Nigeria, children.Correspondence: Nkiru J. Obi. Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri. Mobile: 513-3027517. Email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2022), 07(05): 300-311https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.03.05
Epidemiological Aspects and Factors Associated with Early Neonatal Death From 2018 to 2020 in the Maternity of the Savè-Ouessè Health Zone, Benin, West Africa
No full textBackground: Most of the new-born deaths occur in developing countries where care access is poor. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological aspects and factors associated with early neonatal death in maternity.Subjects and Method: A case-control study was conducted from 2018 to 2020 in the Savè-Ouessè (SaO) health zone in the Collines department in Benin. Two groups of new-borns aged 0-7 days were recruited, 176 cases and 176 controls. The dependent variable was early neonatal death. The main independent variables studied were related socio-demographic characteristics, medical and gynaeco-obstetric history, pregnancy-related illnesses, service use and quality of health care, and neonatal parameters. Data collection was carried out from October to December 2021 from delivery records at the maternity unit level. An additional questionnaire was addressed to corresponding mothers. Logistic regression model was used to identify factors that explain early neonatal death occurrence.Results: No Fertility desire (OR= 3.22; CI95%= 1.13 to 9.16; p =0.029); No Observance of ANC rhythms (OR= 5.14; CI95%= 1.63 to 16.15; p= 0.005); Supervised intake of SP (OR= 6.33; CI95%= 1.33 to 29.99; p<0.001); No Existence of active fetal movements (OR= 7.01; CI95%= 2.67 to 18.41; p<0.001); and Amniotic fluid colour/ Haematic (OR= 4.09; CI95%= 2.07 to 9.63; p<0.001) increased early neonatal death in SaO health zone from 2018 to 2020 in SaO health zone, BeninConclusion: Even if early neonatal mortality appears to be low in the SaO health zone, its reduction requires to strengthen family planning, to improve the observance of intermittent preventive treatment and to monitor obstetric labour.Keywords: perinatal death, early neonatal, death, associated factors, Benin.Correspondence: Damien Barikissou Georgia. Population Training and Research, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin. Email: [email protected] of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(01): 91-104https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.01.09
The Effectiveness of "Segi Busui" Booklet Media toward Knowledge and Attitudes concerning Balanced Nutrition in Breastfeeding Mothers of 0-6 Months
No full textBackground: Balanced nutrition for mothers during breastfeeding is closely related to breast milk production, puerperal recovery, and other influences on the sustainability of the puerperal or breastfeeding mother. The thing that needs to concern is that if the nutrition for breastfeeding mothers is not met, the nutritional needs for breast milk production will be taken from the mothers’ body reserves. This condition will cause the mother to experience the risk of disease and chronic malnutrition. This study aims to develop the "Segi Busui" Booklet media and to determine the effectiveness of the "Segi Busui" booklet media toward knowledge and attitude concerning balanced nutrition in breastfeeding mothers of 0-6 months babies.Subjects and Methods: The method used in the study was Research and Development (RnD) using the Borg and Gall model. The type of study used to determine the effectiveness was pre-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was 48 breastfeeding mothers of 0-6 months babies. The dependent variables were knowledge and attitudes. The independent variable was the booklet “Segi Busui". The data were collected using questionnaires. The analysis technique used was the Wilcoxon test.Result: The average score of maternal knowledge increased after (Mean= 19.65; SD= 0.93) the "Segi Busui" booklet intervention compared to before the intervention (Mean= 13.06; SD= 1.74), and the result was statistically significant (p<0.001). Meanwhile, the maternal attitude score increased after (Mean= 66.71; SD= 3.48) the "Segi Busui" booklet intervention compared to before the intervention (Mean= 53.60; SD= 5.93), and the result was statistically significant (p<0.001)Conclusion: The “Segi Busui" booklet media is effective in increasing knowledge and attitudes concerning balanced nutrition in breastfeeding mothers of 0-6 months babies.Keywords: booklet media, knowledge, attitude, balanced nutrition of breastfeeding mothers.Correspondence: Nama Mey Linda Darmayanti. Instansi Program Pascasarjana Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Negeri Semarang. Alamat instansi Jl. Kelud Utara III No.15, Petompon, Kec. Gajahmungkur, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50237. Email: [email protected]. No. Hp 085641131716.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(03): 290-299https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.03.04
Pathological Changes of Placenta in Intrauterine Fetal Death
No full textBackground: Examination of placenta is one of the most common investigations undertaken after a stillbirth an
The Correlation of Knowledge, Mother’s Attitude, And Posyandu Utilization in Weighing Under Five Children with Nutritional Status
No full textBackground: Malnutrition is a condition of deficiency, excess, or imbalance of nutrients from the amount of nutrients needed by the body. One of the ways to prevent malnutrition is by monitoring regularly through a program of public health activities, namely weighing toddlers. This study aims to determine the relationship between mother's knowledge, mother's attitude, and utilization of posyandu in weighing toddlers with toddlers' nutritional status.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Semambung Village, Wonoayu District, Sidoarjo Regency in August 2022. A total of 144 research subjects were selected using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The dependent variable is nutritional status. The independent variables are knowledge, mother's attitude, and posyandu utilization. The research instrument is a questionnaire. Data analysis used the chi square test and Odds ratio (OR).Results: Mothers who do not routinely visit posyandu are at risk for having children with nutritional status of BB/U (OR= 3.39; 95% CI= 1.46 to 7.84; p= 0.003) and TB/U (OR= 4.37; 95% CI= 1.20 to 15.84 ; p= 0.016) and the result is statistically significant. Whereas mothers with less knowledge and negative attitudes were not statistically significant.Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no relationship between mother's knowledge, mother's attitude and nutritional status of toddlers. and there is a relationship between posyandu utilization and the nutritional status of children under five based on the BB/A and TB/A index.Keywords: knowledge, attitude, posyandu utilization, nutritional status.Correspondence: Anggraini Dian Prasticha. Midwifery Program Study, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia, Jl. Mayjen Pro. Dr. Moestopo No. 47, Pacar Kembang, Kec. Tambaksari, Kota SBY, Jawa Timur 60132 Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281235205296.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(02): 188-202https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.02.06
The Relationship Between Anxiety and Smoothness Breast Milkexpenditures in Breastfeeding Mothers
No full textBackground: Breastfeeding is the process of giving mother's milk to babies from birth to two years. Exclusive breastfeeding can protect babies and children against dangerous diseases and strengthens the affection (bonding) between mother and child. However, the exclusive breastfeeding coverage rate is still low due to failure to breastfeed. One of the factors that influence failure in the breastfeeding process can be caused by not releasing milk. The smoothness of breastfeeding is strongly influenced by psychological factors, namely anxiety. This study aims to analyze the relationship between anxiety and the smoothness of breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers in Slahung District, Ponorogo Regency.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Slahung District, Ponorogo Regency in November 2022. A total of 83 breastfeeding mothers were selected for this study. The dependent variable is the smooth expulsion of breast milk. The independent variable is anxiety. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Research data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and odds ratio (OR).Results: Anxiety affects the smooth release of breast milk in nursing mothers. Breastfeeding mothers who experience anxiety are at risk of experiencing a milk ejection process that is not smooth as much as 26.18 times compared to breastfeeding mothers who do not experience anxiety, and these results are statistically significant (OR= 26.18; 95% CI= 3.20 to 214.12; p<0.001).Conclusion: Anxiety affects the smooth release of breast milk in nursing mothers.Keywords: anxiety, Smooth milk productionCorrespondence: Annisa Nur Rohma, Midwifery Program Study, Faculty of Medicine,Universotas Airlangga,Indonesia. Jl. Mayjen Prof.Dr. Moestopo No. 47, Pacar Kembang,Kec.Tambaksari,Kota SBY,Jawa Timur 60132. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285708790065.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(02): 169-175https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.02.0
Meta-Analysis: The Effect of Physical Activity in Reducing Excessive Gestational Weight Gain and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women
No full textBackground: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women continues to increase every year. Overweight and obesity can lead to complications in pregnancy such as Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) and Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Physical activity intervention is an option to prevent EGWG and GDM. The study aims to analyze the effects of physical activity interventions in reducing EGWG and GDM.Subjects and Method: The study used a meta-analysis study design by following PRISMA guidelines. The research question was formulated in PICO. The population was pregnant women with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of > 25 kg/m2. The intervention used was measured physical activity. The comparison was without measured physical activity. The outcomes were EGWG and GDM. Article search was carried out through the databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus Database, and PEDro which was published from 2011 to 2020. The article search used the following keywords: "pregnancy" OR "pregnant woman" AND "obese" OR "overweight" AND "excessive gestational weight gain" OR "gestational weight gain" OR "weight gain" AND "gestational diabetes mellitus" OR "gestational diabetes" AND "exercise " OR "antenatal exercise" OR "physical activity". Articles that met the criteria were full-text articles with a Randomized Control Trial (RCT) study design. The assessment of the quality of the study was conducted with Cochrane Collaboration's Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias and the articles were subsequently analyzed using the Review Manager 5.4 application.Results: A total of 10 articles analyzed in this study came from Asian, European, Australian, and American countries with a total sample of 2,086. The results of the meta-analysis showed that overweight and obese pregnant women who performed measured physical activity did not experience weight changes compared to those who did not engage in physical activity (SMD= 0.03; CI 95%= 0.17 to 0.73; p = 0.770). However, overweight and obese pregnant women who do measured physical activity experience changes in fasting sugar levels compared to those who did not do measured physical activity (SMD = 0. 20; CI 95% = 0.30 to 0.10; p = 0.001)Conclusion: The results of this study state that physical activity interventions are effective in reducing GDM but not for EGWG in overweight and obese pregnant womenKeywords: Physical activity, Excessive Gestational Weight Gain, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Overweight and obese pregnant women, Meta-analysis.Correspondence: Hapsari Cahyaningrum. Master Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 081328932469Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(01): 78-90https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.01.08
Meta-Analysis: Effect of Bullying on the Risk of Suicide in Adolescents
No full textBackground: Mental health disorders are among the most important public health problems globally. Bullying affects the lives of many children and young people. Studies in high-income countries have reported an association between bullying and suicidal behavior among school adolescents. For example, studies in various parts of the United States found that students who were bullied were significantly more likely to experience suicidal ideation, planning, and suicide attempts. This study aims to determine the effect of bullying on the risk of suicide in adolescentsSubjects and Method: The meta-analysis was carried out according to the PRISMA flow chart and the PICO model. Q: Adolescent, I: Bullying , C: Not bullying, O: Risk of suicide. Search for articles in this study through databases that include PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Scopus. With keywords including: "bullying" AND "suicide" AND "adolescent". A full paper article with a cross-sectional study, the research subjects were adolescents, the relationship size used was the adjusted odds ratio, the research outcome was suicide risk. Analysis done with Revman 5.3Results: A total of 11 articles with a cross sectional design from Israel, China, Vietnam, Tanzania, Canada, the United States, Iran and South Korea totaling 124,728 research samples. The results showed that adolescents who were bullied had a risk of suicide 2.70 times compared to those who did not experience bullying (aOR=2.70; 95% CI=1.88 to 3.87; p<0.001).Conclusion: Bullying can increase the risk of suicide in adolescents. Keywords: bullying, suicide, adolescent.Correspondence: Sholikha Dela Aprilia. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281390211993.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(02): 138-147https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.02.01
Comparative Study of Feto-Maternal Outcome of Ante-natal Cases as per the Standard WHO Guidelines Vs Revised Antenatal Visit Schedule during Covid19 Pandemic
No full textBackground: Good antenatal care helps a woman face labour in good health and optimum conditions. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and WHO guidelines suggest 15 visits in the whole pregnancy. Keeping in view the COVID-19 pandemic to reduce the exposure of pregnant ladies the number of antenatal visits was reduced to 7 milestone visits and outcome was noted. This study aimed to do a comparative study of feto-maternal outcome in antenatal cases at our centre using standard WHO protocol vs. revised antenatal protocol during COVID-19 pandemic.Subjects and Method: This was an observational study done at a tertiary care center of an Armed forces hospital with target population as pregnant ladies attending antenatal care Out patient department of the hospital during COVID19 pandemic Vs Antenatal cases in previous 1 year. A comparative analysis of pregnancy outcome, maternal variables during pregnancy and delivery along with neonatal variables was done.Results: There were lesser deliveries by 41.7% as compared to non-COVID times. There was an increase in the caesarean delivery rate and instrumental delivery rate during COVID times by 11% and 53% respectively. There was increase in Vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) by 26.6%. The incidence of fetal growth restriction, placental abruption, maternal anaemia and gestational diabetes mellitus, oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios was low. The incidence of spontaneous abortions was also low in our study. In contrast, the incidence of pre-term deliveries doubled from 7.4% to 13.4%. Neonatal morbidity and mortality indicators like Neonatal Intensive care unit (NICU) admissions showed a rising trend of 1.7% during the COVID (14.6% to 16.3%) with a minimal rise in early neonatal deaths by 0.2%.Conclusion: Our model doesn't show an increase in maternal, neonatal morbidity, and mortality. This model can be used as a standard of care for Antenatal patients during Pandemics. It reduces the risk exposure of the gravid mother without any significant increase in maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.Keywords: antenatal care, COVID-19 pandemic, revised antenatal schedule.Correspondence: Dr Vipin Kumar Prajapati, Graded Specialist Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, AFMC, Pune. E Mail: [email protected]. Contact No: 8811015130.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2023), 08(01): 125-133https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.01.12