Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie: Czasopisma
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Miejsca poza miejscami: Polskie parki narodowe jako teren i laboratorium
Get PDFThe article concerns selected types of scientific and conservation spatial practices. The author is interested in Polish national parks as places for the production of knowledge about nature. He asks questions how the environment was adapted to this function, and how this adaptation was linked to the much more general tendencies toward the laboratory procedures and fieldwork in natural sciences at the turn of the 20th century. The article contains analyses of selected projects of Polish naturalists, activists and employees of national parks aimed at giving scientific status to conservation practices.
The results of the research allow drawing conclusions that national parks are borderland places, where different ways of producing and using the acquired knowledge are tested. Conservation places appear as complex assemblages in which the selected tools and epistemic frameworks of technoscience have clothed into naturalized spatial formulas flowing from the adoption of certain ontological assumptions in a world of many worlds. The author proves that national parks – a result of the process of territorialization of nature – have been formed as places beyond places that allow mediating between fieldwork and laboratory modalities of technoscientific knowledge production.Artykuł dotyczy wybranych typów naukowych i ochronnych praktyk przestrzennych. Autor interesuje się polskimi parkami narodowymi jako miejscami wytwarzania wiedzy o przyrodzie, zadaje pytania, w jaki sposób środowisko zostało przystosowane do tej funkcji i jak to przystosowanie było związane z dużo ogólniejszymi tendencjami do podejmowania pracy w terenie i wdrażania procedur laboratoryjnych w obrębie nauk przyrodniczych na przełomie XIX i XX w. Artykuł zawiera analizy wyselekcjonowanych projektów polskich przyrodników, działaczy i pracowników parków narodowych aktywnie dążących do nadania naukowego statusu działaniom z zakresu ochrony przyrody.
Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań pozwalają wyciągnąć wnioski mówiące, że parki narodowe to miejsca pogranicza, w których testowane są różne sposoby wytwarzania i wykorzystywania zdobytej wiedzy. Jawią się też jako złożone asamblaże, w których wybrane narzędzia i ramy epistemiczne technonauki okrzepły w znaturalizowanych formułach przestrzennych wypływających z przyjęcia określonych założeń ontologicznych w świecie składającym się z wielu światów. Autor dowodzi, że parki narodowe, będące wynikiem procesu terytorializacji przyrody, ukształtowały się jako miejsca poza miejscami, które mediują między terenowymi i laboratoryjnymi modalnościami produkcji wiedzy technonaukowej
Stanisław Krauze (1902–1977) i jego wpływ na kulturę żywności i żywienia
Get PDFFood in the hierarchy of human needs is at the forefront. Its quantity and quality determine health and possibility of survival. As consumers, we strive to ensure that one of our basic needs, i.e. satisfying hunger, is met with good, wholesome and simply unadulterated food. The man who changed the culture of food and nutrition through scientific work in XX-the century Poland was Stanisław Krauze. A world-renowned scientist, relentless in his concern for the health of citizens, he made a huge contribution to the Polish struggle for the right of every citizen to purchase and consume safe food. Krauze is the founder of the Polish school of bromatology. The aim of this article is to present, in a non-exhaustive way, a biography of Stanisław Krauze, highlighting the most important events and achievements of this scientist. The following part of the article includes an extension of three threads that emphasize his impact on the culture of food and nutrition in Poland and worldwide.W hierarchii potrzeb człowieka żywność zajmuje czołowe miejsce, a od jej ilości i jakości zależy życie i zdrowie. Jako konsumenci dążymy do tego, aby odpowiedzieć na jedną z naszych podstawowych potrzeb, czyli zaspokojenie głodu, przez spożycie dobrej, pełnowartościowej, po prostu niesfałszowanej żywności. Człowiekiem, który poprzez pracę naukową zmienił kulturę żywności i żywienia w XX-wiecznej Polsce był Stanisław Krauze. Światowej sławy naukowiec, niezłomny w trosce o zdrowie obywateli, wniósł on ogromny wkład w polską walkę o prawo każdego obywatela do nabywania i spożywania bezpiecznej żywności. Krauze jest założycielem polskiej szkoły bromatologii. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie w niewyczerpujący sposób biografii Stanisława Krauzego przez podkreślenie najważniejszych wydarzeń i osiągnięć tego naukowca. Dalsza część artykułu zawiera rozwinięcie trzech wątków, które podkreślają jego wpływ na kulturę żywności i żywienia w Polsce i na świecie
Rękopis znaleziony w Filadelfii, czyli o autografach Augusta Antoniego Jakubowskiego w kolekcji Simona Gratza
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to analyze the manuscripts of August Antoni Jakubowski found by Ewa Modzelewska-Opara, which are the first known materials written by the poet. Until now, only the printed sources or copies made by third parties were known to the scholars. The manuscripts discovered in the collection of Simon Gratz are hold by the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. The materials consist of two parts (the fair copy and the rough draft), including a total of 5 pages of poems signed with Jakubowski’s name. The discussed manuscripts are a representative example of Jakubowski’s versatile writing skills and poetic diction and show his creative personality in a new light. Not only do they bring a new knowledge about the poet’s oeuvre, his reading interests, sensitivity and effort to adapt in the USA, but they also make it possible to situate his known works in a new research perspective and to recover the lost sense of poems copied by a second hand. Jakubowski’s working notes allow us to “peek into” poetry in statu nascendi, probe into the poet’s creative process and provide new information about his writing skills.Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza odnalezionych przez autorkę rękopisów Augusta Antoniego Jakubowskiego, które są pierwszymi znanymi materiałami zapisanymi ręką poety. Do tej pory badacze dysponowali jedynie źródłami drukowanymi lub odpisami wykonanymi przez osoby trzecie. Rękopisy ujawnione w kolekcji Simona Gratza w zbiorach Historical Society of Pennsylvania składają się z dwóch części (czystopisu i brudnopisu), obejmując łącznie 5 stron wierszy podpisanych nazwiskiem Jakubowskiego. Omawiane rękopisy stanowią reprezentatywny przykład wszechstronnych umiejętności pisarskich i poetyckiej dykcji Jakubowskiego oraz pokazują jego osobowość twórczą w nowym oświetleniu. Nie tylko przynoszą nową wiedzę o dorobku poety, jego zainteresowaniach lekturowych, wrażliwości i podjętym wysiłku adaptacji w USA, ale także umożliwiają usytuowanie znanych utworów w nowej perspektywie badawczej oraz odzyskanie utraconego sensu wierszy zagubionych lub przepisywanych obcą ręką. Robocze zapiski Jakubowskiego pozwalają „podejrzeć” poezję in statu nascendi, wniknąć w proces twórczy poety oraz dostarczyć nowych informacji o jego warsztacie pisarskim
Teacher’s Age and Experience as a Modifying Factor in the Readiness For and Method of Intervention with a Student at Risk of Psychoactive Drugs
No full textThis article deals with teacher interventions in crisis situations regarding a direct threat of students using psychoactive drugs on school premises, particularly in the difficult period of adolescence: 12–16 years of age. The focus of the research was on teacher interventions in situations where students are threatened by psychoactive substances. The research problem was whether the age and experience of the teacher were determinants of such an intervention. It investigated the relevance that a teacher’s age and experience have on their attitude and manner of intervening on behalf of a student when there is an imminent threat from psychoactive substances. The research investigated the importance of a teacher’s age and work experience in their attitude and the manner in which they intervene. It was carried out from 2017 to 2019 among teachers at middle schools in Bielsko-Biala, using the diagnostic survey method and a questionnaire. Statistical analysis of the results showed no statistically significant difference in teachers’ declarations of readiness for intervention. Regardless of age and tenure, the respondents declared a high readiness to intervene. On the other hand, there were statistically significant differences according to the teachers’ age and seniority in how the intervention was carried out. Teachers from different age and seniority groups (defined by a specific length of service) more often or less often took some of the actions envisaged in the intervention procedure. Thus, it is feasible to speak of a readiness, or lack thereof, to take certain intervention actions
Introduction of Al-Washliyah as Moral Strengthening in Early Childhood at Ra Al-Washliyah Indonesia
No full textAl-Washliyah is an Islamic organization that pays great attention to education. The Al-Washliyah educational institution prioritizes spiritual values in the learning process so as to answer the community’s need for religious education and moral strengthening. This study illustrates how introducing al-Washliyah in early childhood can strengthen morality or add a new understanding that confuses children. Methodologically, this paper is an example of qualitative research. The results of this study show that introducing Al-Washliyah in early childhood at Raudatul Athfal [RA; Islamic kindergarten] Al-Washliyah was achieved by maximizing the quality of the educator, the infrastructure, and by formulating clear, measurable goals. With clear and measurable goals, such as reciting sholawat and dhikr and memorizing prayers, Al-Washliyah materials are integrated with developmental aspects that can strengthen children's morality. The form of simple and fun activities can strengthen children’s morality, though there are obstacles in introducing Al-Washliyah materials, such as differences in student characteristics, the educational environment, religious understanding, and the teacher’s creativity in using Al-Washliyah materials in early childhood
Podmiotowość i prawa narodów w dyskursie wartości i postaw
Get PDFModern processes of globalization confirm that they are not just a homogeneous and unidirectional phenomenon of civilizational homogenization, progressive interconnectedness and comprehensive mediaization. Increasing mobility and interaction of individuals and groups have caused an opposite dynamic of differentiation, pluralization, but also a revival of consciousness, identity and a sense of cultural rights of both old and new cultural communities. However, the ability to articulate and develop these rights as attributes of cultural subjectivity co-depends on many components of the competence and axiological attitudes of the participants in the discourse, which takes place at very different levels, from micro to macro social structures. National communities occupy a special role among them. This is because they are characterized by the most complex interplay of purely symbolic and institutional, inherited and created, affective and cognitive structures. Their cultural condition depends on the degree to which they are entangled in the cultural reduction processes of the modern world, which convert values into needs, persons into individuals, heritage into impressions, wisdom into information, cognition into sensation and content into impressions. On the ability to overcome these reductions depends the degree of perception of the reality of a nation’s existence, the strength of its identity, its development potentials and its chances for a creative response to the challenges of the present.Współczesne procesy globalizacji potwierdzają, iż nie są wyłącznie jednorodnym i jednokierunkowym fenomenem cywilizacyjnej homogenizacji, postępujących powiązań i wszechstronnej medializacji. Nasilająca się mobilność oraz interakcja osób i grup spowodowały odwrotną wręcz dynamikę różnicowania, pluralizacji, ale także ożywienia świadomości, tożsamości oraz poczucia praw kulturowych zarówno starych, jak i nowych wspólnot kulturowych. Umiejętność artykulacji i rozwoju owych praw jako atrybutów podmiotowości kulturowej współzależy jednak od wielu komponentów kompetencji i postaw aksjologicznych uczestników dyskursu, jaki dokonuje się na bardzo różnych poziomach, począwszy od mikro- do makrostruktur społecznych. Szczególną rolę zajmują wśród nich wspólnoty narodowe. Charakteryzują się bowiem najbardziej złożonym powiązaniem struktur czysto symbolicznych i instytucjonalnych, dziedziczonych i tworzonych, afektywnych i poznawczych. Ich kulturowa kondycja zależy od stopnia uwikłania w procesy redukcji kulturowych świata współczesnego, które zamieniają wartości na potrzeby, osoby na jednostki, dziedzictwo na impresje, mądrość na informację, poznanie na doznanie, treści na wrażenia. Od zdolności pokonania tych redukcji zależy stopień postrzegania realności bytu narodu, siły jego tożsamości, potencjałów rozwojowych oraz szans na twórczą odpowiedź wobec wyzwań współczesności
I plurisecolari contatti del clero di Gniezno con l’Italia: Scelta di testimonianze librarie
Get PDFThe paper gives a general view of the handwritten books and of the old printed books of Italian provenance, stored in the Gniezno Archdiocese archives (Poland). Gniezno is the seat of the Primates of Poland and its archbishop was through centuries a very important person in the Kingdom of Poland (than in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), right after the king. The ecclesiastical and political significance of this archbishopric explains the centuries-old connections of the Gniezno clergy to Italy as a destination of the peregrinations, of the journeys to the Papal Curia and of the academic studies. The paper emphasizes, among the manuscript books, the Latin codices containing the university course books (in this number they are four codices from Padova), the lecture notes made by the students and a travel journal written in the Polish language during a trip to Rome in the 18th century. The incunabula of the Italian provenance, due to their amount, should be an object of a separate study and are not considered in this paper. Among the old prints from the 16th century the author presents the books considered both “italica” and “polonica.” Regarding the posterior printed books of the Italian provenance stored at Gniezno, the paper refers to the private library of a chapter canon, which in the years 1834–1835 undertook a study trip in Italy. At the end the author makes a mention of some “librarian trace” of the Polish-Italian relationships concerning the Protestant Reformation.L’articolo offre una visione generale dei libri manoscritti e degli antichi libri stampati di provennienza italiana, conservati nell’Archivio dell’Arcidiocesi di Gniezno. Gniezno è la sede del Primate di Polonia e per secoli il suo arcivescovo è stato una personalità assai importante nel Regno di Polonia (allora Confederazione Polacco-Lituana), subito dopo il re. Il significato ecclesiastico e politico di questo arcivescovado spiega i secolari legami del clero di Gniezno con l’Italia come meta dei pellegrinaggi, dei viaggi alla curia pontificia e degli studi universitari. L’articolo mette in evidenza, tra i libri manoscritti, i codici latini contenenti i libri dei corsi universitari (in questo numero vi sono quattro codici provenienti da Padova), gli appunti delle lezioni presi dagli studenti e un giornale di viaggio scritto in polacco durante un viaggio a Roma nel XVIII secolo. Gli incunaboli di provenienza italiana, per la loro quantità, dovrebbero costituire un oggetto di studio separato e non sono presi in considerazione in questo contributo. Tra le antiche stampe del XVI secolo, l’autore presenta i libri considerati sia “italica” sia “polonica”. Per quanto riguarda i libri stampati successivamente di provenienza italiana conservati a Gniezno, l’articolo si riferisce alla biblioteca privata di un canonico capitolare, che negli anni 1834–1835 intraprese un viaggio di studio in Italia. Infine, l’Autore menziona alcune “tracce bibliotecarie” delle relazioni polacco-italiane riguardanti la Riforma protestante
Un poeta rinascimentale polacco nella città d’Antenore: Jan Kochanowski tra Padova e Czarnolas
Get PDFThe significance of Jan Kochanowski’s three trips to Padua has been discussed more than once in the scholarly literature. The results of these findings are especially of interest to those researchers who focus on source material analysis and recognizing the cultural atmosphere prevailing in the city often referred to as “Antenor’s city.” Padua flourished in the 16th century, influenced by the policies of the Republic of Venice, which sought to make this academic and urban center a recognizable educational destination for young men coming from all over Europe. For the latter, entering an environment of high intellectual and artistic aspirations was often the beginning of brilliant careers, developed after returning to their home countries. The memory of the experiences accumulated during Jan Kochanowski’s stay in Padua also played a major role in shaping his poetic imagination, as evidenced by many of his works, such as Satyr albo dziki mąż [Satyr or the Wild Man], Odprawa Posłów greckich [The Dismissal of the Greek Envoys], and a cycle of epigrams. In the latter, the image of a linden tree gained a special place, around which Kochanowski organized the space of the real and the poetic worlds. The author’s aim include a search for any Italian sources for this motif, and ponders other possible inspirations, which might be awaiting deeper analysis in future research, going beyond consideration of Italianism in the works of the master of Czarnolas. L’importanza del triplice viaggio di Jan Kochanowski a Padova è un tema che è stato più volte affrontato nella letteratura scientifica. I risultati di queste ricerche godono soprattutto dell’interesse di quegli studiosi che si concentrano sull’analisi dei materiali documentari e sulla ricostruzione dell’atmosfera dominante nella città chiamata spesso la rocca di Antenore. Essa conobbe nel XVI secolo il suo massimo splendore, fatto sul quale influì la politica della Repubblica di Venezia, nell’ambito della quale si cercò tra l’altro di fare di questo centro universitario e allo stesso tempo cittadino una riconoscibile meta di viaggi educativi per i giovani provenienti da tutta Europa. Per questi ultimi il contatto con un ambiente dalle alte aspirazioni intellettuali e artistiche era spesso l’inizio di una brillante carriera, sviluppata dopo il ritorno in patria. Il ricordo delle esperienze vissute durante i soggiorni a Padova ha svolto un ruolo di primo piano anche nella formazione dell’ispirazione poetica di Jan Kochanowski, ciò di cui testimoniano molti suoi testi, come ad esempio Satyr albo dziki mąż, Odprawa Posłów greckich, e il ciclo degli epigrammi. In quest’ultimo un luogo particolare è quello del tiglio attorno al quale Kochanowski organizza lo spazio del mondo reale e poetico. L’Autore dell’articolo ricerca tra l’altro le fonti italiane di questo motivo e si sofferma su altre possibili ispirazioni, che attendono analisi più approfondite in ulteriori ricerche, aldilà delle riflessioni sull’italianismo del maestro di Czarnolas
Głębia znaczeń: Medialne wizerunki kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego
Get PDFThe aim of the article is the issue of the media image of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński (1901–1981), created for the needs of popular culture in three feature films: Prymas. Trzy lata z tysiąca directed by Teresa Kotlarczyk, Wyszyński – zemsta czy przebaczenie by Tadeusz Syka and Prorok by Michał Kondrat. Films, due to the fact that they show a person called the priesthood, a priest of the catholic Church who devotes himself to religious activities, meet the criteria of religious cinema. The research issue was to determine whether film productions about Cardinal Wyszyński are film hagiographies of the beatified Primate of the Millennium, confessional religious cinema, or whether they merely refer to his biography.Celem artykułu jest omówienie zagadnienia medialnego wizerunku kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego (1901–1981) stworzonego na potrzeby kultury popularnej w trzech filmach fabularnych: Prymas. Trzy lata z tysiąca Teresy Kotlarczyk, Wyszyński – zemsta czy przebaczenie Tadeusza Syki oraz Prorok Michała Kondrata. Filmy, z uwagi na fakt pokazywania osoby powołanej do stanu duchownego, kapłana Kościoła katolickiego poświęcającego się działalności religijnej, spełniają kryteria kina o tematyce religijnej. Podjętym zagadnieniem badawczym stało się ustalenie, czy filmowe produkcje o kardynale Wyszyńskim są filmowymi hagiografiami beatyfikowanego Prymasa Tysiąclecia, konfesyjnym kinem religijnym czy też jedynie nawiązują do jego biografii
Assessment of the Quality of Education and Care in Selected Polish Preschools During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using the ECERS-E Scale
Get PDFObjectives of the research: The aim of this project was to investigate the quality of education in Polish preschools during the COVID-19 pandemic in different social environments.
Research methods: The study uses a pedagogical approach and the ECERS-E scale, used to both define and assess the quality of preschool institutions. The research also involved interviews with teachers.
A short description of the context of the issue: An important goal of the research is to identify problem areas and areas that constitute resources or strengths of preschool institutions.
Research findings: A detailed data analysis indicated differences in the quality of education and care offered to children. The preschools under study obtained the highest results for the mathematics subscale and the lowest for the diversity subscale. Importantly, in nearly 25% of them, the quality of science and environment classes was lower than the minimum. A comparative analysis of the locations of preschools revealed that rural institutions achieved lower results than urban institutions, both in the overall quality of everyday life and for all subscales. Despite the social changes taking place in Poland, research shows that the diversification of the educational environment may significantly determine school competences and achievements.
Conclusions and recommendations: The added value of the project is showing the potential of the ECERS scale and proving that it can be used in the Polish context. This creates an opportunity to conduct comparative research on an international scale