Revistas Científicas de la Universidad de Murcia
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Pascua Canelo, Marta y Manuel Santana Hernández, eds. "Glosar el exocanon: escrituras inasibles en español". Salamanca: Delirio, 2024, 124 págs.
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Patient's commitment to practicing home therapeutic exercises correctly
Get PDFHome exercises are targeted exercises for specific muscles or muscle groups to be done by the patient at home without supervision. Prescribing physiotherapy home exercises is one of the most essential aspects of the treatment plan for any patient. The aim of this study was to explore the problem of adherence to physiotherapy home exercise in Jordan and find out the main obstacles that face Jordanian citizens in applying their prescribed home exercises. An online survey accessed through a hyperlink was directed to clients (n=76; 50% female, 50% male) of physiotherapy centers in Jordan, aged 18-22 years. The link to survey was given to clients who were asked to re-share the link with them friends and relatives who visit other physiotherapy centers on regular basis in order to reach maximum number of participants. Low adherence to home exercises could be attributed to participants’ laziness, no time and not understanding what they were supposed to do. However, regarding perceived importance and benefits, most declared the need for home exercise and stated that they could help with everyday activities if done regularly, despite the poor level of commitment
Relaciones jerárquicas entre madre, familia y Servicios de Salud en el contexto del control prenatal
Get PDFObjective: Describe the interactions that pregnant women have with their families and the prenatal care program to construct meanings about maternal health.
Method: Qualitative study, the method used was grounded theory. In-depth interviews were conducted; the information was analyzed using the constant comparative method. The substantive codes were recorded in an Excel® workbook (open coding) and were then assembled in an explanatory manner by applying the paradigmatic model, thus establishing the relationships between categories and subcategories (axial coding). Finally, the categories and subcategories found were refined, integrating the data, and identifying the central category (selective coding).Results: A central category emerged: maternal health care characterized by hierarchical relationships between the mother, the family and health services and three interpretive categories contributing to the central category.Conclusions: Interactions with prenatal care and the construction of meanings by pregnant women and their families about maternal health in the context of the relationships arising from the provision of health services are defined by the role assumed by the pregnant woman as a receiver of information and a follower of orders issued by them. Pregnant women and their families in their interaction with health service providers (prenatal care) do not have the opportunity to express their opinions about health care during pregnancy.Objetivo: Describir las interacciones que tienen las mujeres gestantes con sus familias y el programa de control prenatal para la construcción de significados sobre salud materna.
Método: Estudio cualitativo, el método utilizado fue la teoría fundamentada. Se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad; el análisis de la información se hizo por medio del método comparativo constante. Los códigos sustantivos fueron consignados en un libro de Excel® (codificación abierta), posteriormente fueron ensamblados de manera explicativa aplicando el modelo paradigmático, estableciendo así las relaciones entre categorías y subcategorías (codificación axial). Finalmente, se hizo el refinamiento de las categorías y subcategorías encontradas, integrando los datos e identificando la categoría central (codificación selectiva).
Resultados: Emergió una categoría central: cuidado de la salud materna caracterizado por relaciones jerárquicas entre la madre, la familia y los servicios de salud y tres categorías interpretativas aportantes a la categoría central.
Conclusiones: Las interacciones con la atención prenatal y la construcción de significados de las gestantes y sus familias sobre la salud materna en el contexto de las relaciones surgidas en la prestación de los servicios de salud están definidas por el rol asumido por la gestante como receptora de información y cumplidora de ordenes emanadas por estos. Las gestantes y sus familias en su interacción con los prestadores del servicio de salud (control prenatal) no tienen la oportunidad de expresar sus opiniones acerca del cuidado de la salud durante el embarazo
Creencias y prácticas culturales sobre comportamientos de lactancia materna en mujeres: una Revisión Sistemática Exploratoria
Get PDFIntroduction. Cultural issues are strongly related to women’s life habits. The World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action, led by the United Nations Children's Fund and the World Health Organization, recommends exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life and supplementary breastfeeding up to 2 years. There are different cultural beliefs and practices about breastfeeding that can negatively influence it. According to the World Health Organization, only 4 out of 10 infants under 6 months of age have received exclusive breastfeeding in the world.
Objective. To explore the role of cultural beliefs and practices on women’s breastfeeding behaviors.
Method. A scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR checklist was conducted using six electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Adherence to reporting guidelines in observational studies were assessed.
Results. 3078 studies were located, of which 37 were finally selected. Two thematic categories were proposed: 1. Perceptions and beliefs concerning women’s breastfeeding. 2. The influence of social norms on women’s breastfeeding.
Discussion: The results highlight the beliefs that colostrum is considered “dirty milk” and that mother’s milk has a low nutritional value, which is associated with some religious practices, family impositions, social barriers, sensational and false news stories, and the early return to work, resulting in low breastfeeding rates worldwide.
Conclusion. This review has advanced the understanding that cultural issues are strongly associated with breastfeeding among women. Educational programs, counseling and health professionals’ training should be offered to increase breastfeeding.Introducción. Las cuestiones culturales están fuertemente relacionadas con los hábitos de vida de las mujeres. Se recomienda la lactancia materna exclusiva en los primeros seis meses de vida y la lactancia materna complementaria hasta los 2 años. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud solo 4 de cada 10 lactantes menores de 6 meses de edad han recibido lactancia materna exclusiva en el mundo.
Objetivo. Explorar el papel de las creencias y prácticas culturales en las conductas de lactancia materna de las mujeres.
Método. Se realizó una revisión sistemática exploratoria en seis bases de datos: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science y Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Resultados. Se localizaron 3.078 estudios, de los cuales 37 fueron finalmente seleccionados. Se propusieron dos categorías temáticas: 1. Percepciones y creencias sobre la lactancia materna en las mujeres. 2. Influencia de las normas sociales en la lactancia materna en las mujeres.
Discusión: Los resultados destacan las creencias de que el calostro se considera “leche sucia” y que la leche materna tiene un bajo valor nutricional, lo que se asocia a algunas prácticas religiosas, imposiciones familiares, barreras sociales, noticias sensacionalistas y falsas y el retorno temprano al trabajo, lo que resulta en bajas tasas de lactancia materna en todo el mundo.
Conclusión. Esta revisión ha avanzado en la comprensión de que las cuestiones culturales están fuertemente asociadas con la lactancia materna entre las mujeres. Se deben ofrecer programas educativos, asesoramiento y capacitación de profesionales de la salud para aumentar la lactancia materna.Introdução: As questões culturais estão intimamente relacionadas com os hábitos de vida das mulheres. O aleitamento materno exclusivo é recomendado durante os primeiros seis meses de vida e o aleitamento materno complementar até aos 2 anos de idade. Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde, apenas 4 em cada 10 bebés com menos de 6 meses de idade foram amamentados exclusivamente no mundo.
Objectivo: Explorar o papel das crenças e práticas culturais nos comportamentos de amamentação das mulheres.
Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão de alcance utilizando seis bases de dados eletrónicas: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science e Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Resultados: Foram localizados 3078 estudos, dos quais 37 foram finalmente selecionados. Foram propostas duas categorias temáticas: 1. Perceções e crenças sobre a amamentação da mulher. 2.º A influência das normas sociais na amamentação das mulheres.
Discussão: Os resultados destacam as crenças de que o colostro é considerado “leite sujo” e que o leite materno tem um baixo valor nutricional, o que está associado a algumas práticas religiosas, imposições familiares, barreiras sociais, notícias sensacionalistas e falsas e regresso precoce ao trabalho, resultando em baixas taxas de amamentação em todo o mundo.
Conclusão: Esta revisão avançou na compreensão de que as questões culturais estão fortemente associadas à amamentação entre as mulheres. Devem ser oferecidos programas educativos, aconselhamento e formação de profissionais de saúde para aumentar o aleitamento materno
Traducción, adaptación y validación del instrumento de evaluación de la Preparación para la Transición al Hogar
Get PDFIntroduction: Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability, affecting both survivors and caregivers. Assessing caregiver preparedness for the transition to home using a validated instrument will optimally address care needs.
Objective: To translate, adapt, and validate the psychometric properties of the assessment instrument for caregiver preparedness for the transition to home in Mexico.
Methodology: A methodological study comprising seven stages: translation, semantic adaptation, expert validation, style correction, pilot testing, psychometric properties, and factorial analysis.
Results: Item Validity Index: 0.37; Validity Criterion: 24% error; Content Validity Index: 10. Kendall’s W coefficients: coherence [141.848/p= 0.000], clarity [143.312/p= 0.000], relevance [159.631/p= 0.000], sufficiency [59.885/p= 0.000]. The final version's criterion validity, assessed using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin analysis, was 0.832. Bartlett’s sphericity test [X2 =2158.306, gl = 300, p = 0.000]. Exploratory factor analysis identified seven factors, explaining 63.38% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated an adequate model fit: (X2 = 779.423, gl = 269, p = 0.000; CFI = 0.741; TLI = 0.687; NFI= 0.660; AIC= 941.423; PNFI= 0.547; RMSEA = 0.087 IC [.080/.094]) The final internal consistency is 0.86 according to Cronbach's alpha.
Conclusions: The instrument in Mexico retains 25 items distributed across seven domains, proving valid and reliable for this population.Introducción: El accidente cerebro vascular es una de las principales causas de discapacidad que afecta a los sobrevivientes y cuidadores. Evaluar la preparación del cuidador para la transición al hogar mediante un instrumento validado permitirá responder a las necesidades de cuidado de manera óptima.
Objetivo: Traducir, adaptar y validar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento de evaluación de la preparación para la transición al hogar en México.
Metodología: Estudio metodológico de siete etapas: traducción, adaptación semántica, validación por jueces, corrección de estilo, prueba piloto, propiedades psicométricas y análisis factorial.
Resultados: Índice de Validez por Ítem: 0.37; Criterio de Validez: 24% de error; Índice de Validez de Contenido: 10. Los coeficientes de W Kendall: coherencia [141.848/p= 0.000], claridad [143.312/p= 0.000], relevancia [159.631/p= 0.000], suficiencia [59.885/p= 0.000]. Versión final, validez de criterio mediante el análisis de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin es de 0.832. Esfericidad de Bartlett [X2 =2158.306, gl = 300, p = <0.000]. El análisis factorial exploratorio identificó siete factores, explicando el 63.38% de la varianza total. El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró un ajuste adecuado del modelo: (X2 = 779.423, gl = 269, p = <0.000; CFI = 0.741; TLI = 0.687; NFI= 0.660; AIC= 941.423; PNFI= 0.547; RMSEA = 0.087 IC [.080/.094]). La consistencia interna final es de 0.86 por alfa de Cronbach.
Conclusiones: El instrumento en México mantiene los 25 ítems distribuidos en siete dominios, válido y confiable para esta población
Introducción al tema monográfico: Contribuciones de la psicología a la justicia
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Matemática y filosofía natural en Leibniz (1677-1686)
Get PDFThis paper analyzes the Leibnizian conception about the object of mathematics in the period that goes from 1677 to 1686. The goal is to argue for the hypothesis that Leibniz would have held a “predicative” view of mathematics. In order to do this, (1) I first analyze the conception of mathematics as the science of “imaginable things”; (2) I then argue that mathematical objects are concrete notions, and, amongst them, (3) incomplete notions that are predicated, as attributes of things, of complete notions or notions that are taken as if they were complete.Resumen: En este trabajo se analiza la concepción leibniziana del objeto de la matemática en el período comprendido entre los años 1677-1686, con el objetivo de argumentar a favor de la hipótesis de que el autor habría sostenido una visión “predicativa” de la matemática. Para ello (1) se analiza la concepción de la matemática como la ciencia sobre las “cosas imaginables”; (2) se argumenta que los objetos matemáticos son nociones concretas y, entre ellos, (3) nociones incompletas que se predican, en tanto atributos de cosas, de nociones completas o tenidas como si fueran tales.
Abstract: This paper analyzes the Leibnizian conception about the object of mathematics in the period that goes from 1677 to 1686. The goal is to argue for the hypothesis that Leibniz would have held a “predicative” view of mathematics. In order to do this, (1) I first analyze the conception of mathematics as the science of “imaginable things”; (2) I then argue that mathematical objects are concrete notions, and, amongst them, (3) incomplete notions that are predicated, as attributes of things, of complete notions or notions that are taken as if they were complete
The Necessity of Practical Wisdom
Get PDFI defend a generalized developmentalist reading of Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics by arguing that it allows for a promising solution to the problem of instrumentalism of practical wisdom regarding theoretical wisdom. This problem consists in that if we accept the instrumentalist premise, we must consider the Aristotelian text as inconsistent. I show shortcomings in the solutions proposed by intellectualists and inclusivists. I then characterize the model of personal development my interpretation ascribes to the Aristotelian text and provide textual evidence. The generalized developmentalist reading I defend constitutes a middle ground between intellectualism and inclusivism since it accepts weak intellectualism while maintaining that practical wisdom is as necessary as theoretical wisdom for eudaimonia. Moreover, practical wisdom has a genetic as opposed to an instrumental role. Finally, I give two arguments to show that instrumentalism is incompatible with the interpretation defended here and that the problem of instrumentalism poses no threat to it.Abstract: I defend a generalized developmentalist reading of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics by arguing that it allows for a promising solution to the problem of instrumentalism of practical wisdom regarding theoretical wisdom. This problem consists in that if we accept the instrumentalist premise, we must consider the Aristotelian text as inconsistent. I show shortcomings in the solutions proposed by intellectualists and inclusivists. I then characterize the model of personal development my interpretation ascribes to the Aristotelian text and provide textual evidence. The generalized developmentalist reading I propose constitutes a middle ground between intellectualism and inclusivism since it accepts weak intellectualism while maintaining that practical wisdom is as necessary as theoretical wisdom for eudaimonia. Moreover, practical wisdom has a genetic as opposed to an instrumental role. Finally, I give two arguments to show that instrumentalism is incompatible with the interpretation proposed here and that the problem of instrumentalism poses no threat to it.
Resumen: Defiendo una lectura del desarrollo generalizada de la Ética a Nicómaco de Aristóteles argumentando que ella permite formular una solución promisoria al problema del instrumentalismo de la sabiduría práctica (φρόνησις) con respecto a la sabiduría teorética (σοφία). Este problema consiste en que, si aceptamos las premisas instrumentalistas, debemos evaluar al texto aristótelico como inconsistente. Muestro limitaciones en las soluciones propuestas tanto por intelectualistas como por inclusivistas. Luego caracterizo el modelo de desarrollo personal que mi interpretación adjudica al texto aristotélico y proveo evidencia textual para sostenerlo. La lectura del desarrollo generalizada que propongo constituye una aproximación intermedia entre el intelectualismo y el inclusivismo dado que acepta una versión débil de intelectualismo mientras mantiene que la sabiduría práctica es tan necesaria como la sabiduría teorética para alcanzar la eudaimonia. Más aún, la sabiduría práctica tiene un rol genético como opuesto a uno meramente instumental. Finalmente, proveo dos argumentos para mostrar que el instrumentalismo es incompatible con la interpretación que propongo aquí y que, por tanto, el problema del instrumentalismo no representa una amenaza para ella
TURPÍN SAORÍN, J. (Ed.). (2023). Antropología en devenir político. Encuentros trans-disciplinares. Madrid: DADO Ediciones
Get PDFReseña de TURPÍN SAORÍN, J. (Ed.). (2023). Antropología en devenir político. Encuentros trans-disciplinares. Madrid: DADO Edicione
Ursula K. Le Guin’s Earthsea and Its Place in the American West’s Literary Landscape
Get PDFAs a writer that incessantly directed her efforts towards raising her readers’ awareness of social, racial, and gender issues, American writer Ursula K. Le Guin’s fantasy work has been rather overlooked by literary criticism. Thus, the present paper seeks to claim this writer’s prominent position as a writer of the American West, as well as proposing her Earthsea saga as a rightful contribution to the literature of the American West. With this in mind, the paper will argue that Le Guin achieves this by combining elements that belong to the more traditional literature of the West, as is the idea of mobility, with some of the more modern proposals made by the regional perspective of the second half of the past century