Hasanuddin University Graduate School: Open Journal Systems
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Crablet of Mud Crab Scylla Olivacea Production from the Different Stages of Larvae fed Artemia Nauplii Enriched Using Nannochloropsis sp
Get PDFImprovement of feed quality for mangrove crab larvae rearing is one of theimportant factors to increase of crablet production. The aim of the research was to knowthe influenzing of enriched Artemia nauplii using Nannochloropsis sp fed to the differentstages of larvae Scylla olivacea on crablet production. Twelve units of tanks volume 250L filled with saline water salinity 30 ppt, aerated, then stocked with new hatched mud crablarvae zoea-1 at the density 100 ind./L. The larvae zoea-1 were fed rotifer, Brachionus sp.and after zoea-3, beside fed by rotifer, the larvae were also fed by Artemia naupli. Fourtreatments were tested, namely: A). Artemia nauplii enriched using Nannochloropsis sp.was given to the larvae zoea-3 until develop to megalop stage. B). Artemia nauplii enrichedusing Nannochloropsis sp was given to the larvae zoea-4 until develop to megalop stage.C). Artemia nauplii enriched using Nannochloropsis sp was given to the larvae zoea-5 stageuntil develop to megalop stage. D). Artemia nauplii without enriched using Nannochloropsissp. was given to the larvae zoea-3 until develop to megalop stage. Result of the researchshowed that the highest of Larvae Development Indexes and Megalop Occurence Indexeswas obtained in treatment A and resulted the highest of crablet production, then followed bytreatment C and B and those were significantly different (P<0.05) with the crablet productionin treatment D. The use of Artemia nauplii enriched by Nannochloropsis sp. to feed larvae,S. olivacea stage zoea-3 to zoea-5 until develop to the megalop stage is one of the key factorto enhance the crablet production. By this finding, the crablet production in hatchery will beincreased and the mud crab culture in brackishwater pond able to developed
Global Cooperation in Combating Sea Piracy: The Factors behind Global Piracy Trends
Get PDFThe rising number of sea travel is followed by the emerging number of sea crimes such as sea piracy and maritime terrorism. In recent two decades, the number of crimes on the sea have shown an alarming figure, where areas with a dense traffic of vessels such as the Gulf of Aden and Malacca Strait becomes the hot spots for piracy crime. The main reason behind the emerging of modern piracy is the increasing number of sea transported goods which create a significant opportunity to be a huge target of crime considering the drives behind piracy is financial reason. Some area of sea piracy took place commonly in Africa and Southeast Asia
Improving Aviation Safety in Indonesia: How Many More Accidents?
Get PDFNumerous and consecutive aircraft accidents combined with a consistent failure to meet international safety standards in Indonesia, namely from the International Civil Aviation Organization and the European Aviation Safety Agency have proven a nightmare for the country’s aviation safety reputation. There is an urgent need for bureaucracy reform, harmonization of legislation, and especially ensuring legal enforcement, to bring Indonesian aviation safety back to world standards. The Indonesian Aviation Law of 2009 was enacted to reform the situation in Indonesia. The law has become the ground for drafting legal framework under decrees of the Minister of Transportation, which have allowed the government to perform follow-up actions such as establishing a single air navigation service provider and guaranteeing the independency of the Indonesian National Transportation Safety Committee. A comparison with Thailand is made to enrich the perspective. Finally, foreign aviation entities have a role to assist states, in this case Indonesia, in improving its aviation safety, considering the global nature of air travel
Protein-Benign Microencapsulation with a Water/Oil Microemulsion formed by a Biodegradable Polymer Surfactant
Get PDFThe amphiphilic biodegradable polymer surfactant, poly(ethylene oxide monooleate)-block- poly(D,L-lactide) (MOPEO-PLA), was shown to form microemulsions in organic solvent and to dissolve cytochrome c into their microemulsions at high concentration with native form. The microemulsions dissolving cytochrome c provided a new preparation route of polylactide microcapsules enclosing cytochrome c, which exhibited high entrapment of proteins in the microcapsules and sustained long-term release. A MOPEO-PLA microemulsion system would provide a new encapsulation system with a biodegradable polymer matrix for delivery of proteins and peptides
Determining Direction Flow of Landfill Leachate (Case Study: Antang Tamangapa Landfill) Makassar, South Sulawesi Province
Get PDFLandfill at Antang Tamangapa, Makassar is still an active landfill nowadays. It was constructed in 1995 as an open dumping landfill system. However, due to the huge volume of waste disposal from time to time the system is not used anymore. Volume of disposal in Antang landfill until 2014 reachs 13640 M3/day. This condition become an environmental problem that must be handled. The aim of this study is to figure out the influence of environmental and groundwater system in Tamangapa area. Geoelectric method with Wenner’s and Schlumberger’s configurations is applied and furthermore in RES2DINV 5.54 program in order to analyze in 3- D view. Chemical analysis is used to understand the distribution and quality of groundwater. Groundwater flow analysis shows that the flow direction is Northwest to Southwest. The leachate accumulation is found at the depth of 2 to 8 m. The chemical composition of leachate is nitrate (NO3-N), BOD, COD, and sulfate (SO4)
Sulfur Fertilization Influence on Growth and Yield Traits of Three Korean Soybean Varieties
Get PDFField experiment was carried out at the Research Farm of Korea University, Republic of Korea to study effects of sulfur (S) fertilization on growth traits, yield and yield components of three Korean soybean varieties (Poongsunnamulkong, Saedanbaekkong and Daewonkong). Seeds were sown on black polythene mulched soil bed at the spacing of 15 X 60 cm both at control and sulfur fertilized (gypsum with 16% sulfur content at the rate of 200kg ha-1) plots following a Randomized Complete Block Design of the experiment applying three doses of sulfur together at the time of seed sowing and two doses together at V4 vegetative growth stage (4 nodes on the main stem beginning with the unifoliate node). The results showed that sulfur fertilization significantly increased all studied growth traits of three Soybean varieties except plant height when they all reached physiological maturity stage (120 DAS). It was also evident that sulfur fertilization in the form of gypsum can also increase the number and weight of soybean root nodules and enhance the ability of nitrogen fixation, and so reduce the input of nitrogen fertilizer. Similarly, all the studied yield and yield component related parameters were also significantly influenced by sulfur fertilization except seed number per pod and 100 seed weight. Varieties and sulfur fertilization also interacted significantly in all studied growth traits but the notable sole interaction effect was in plant height. Leaf area of Poongsunnamulkong and Saedanbaekkong variety increased significantly with sulfur fertilization while it was decreased significantly for Daewonkong. Similar trend was observed in their production of number of pods per plant and grain yield per plant indicating leaf area increment by sulfur fertilization played an important role in increasing yield of Poongsunnamulkong and Saedanbaekkong varieties though their performance was reverse in other growth traits. The improvement in growth and yield attributes after sulfur fertilization led to higher biological yield and enhanced seed yield
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points in Cocoa Bean Fermentation
Get PDFThe objective of this research is to develop Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) in cocoa bean fermentation at farmer level, starting from harvesting of cocoa pods until storage of dried fermented cocoa beans. The case study was conducted at Fajar Mas and Mandar Jaya cocoa farmer groups, located in Bukit Sutera Village, District of Larompong, Luwu Regency of South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. For quality and food safety assurance, production process follows standard operation procedures, though in general the process is done by manual means. Of 11 steps of the process, sortation of cocoa pods, sortation of wet- cocoa beans, and drying of cocoa beans have been identified as CCPs. Potential hazards are found as biological hazards i.e. molds, especially Aspergillus spp., insects, Salmonella, E. coli and pest, and physical hazards i.e. waste and foreign matters. Verification of the HACCP showed compliance with SNI 2323-2008 for moisture, germinated, moldy, and insect damaged bean, insect, foreign matter, waste, and slaty bean contents. Implementation of the HACCP principles by the cocoa farmer groups in producing dried- fermented cocoa beans consistently will improve quality and food safety of the product, which will increase their bargaining power in the cocoa market
The Development of International Law in the Field of Renewable Energy
Get PDFEnergy plays a pivotal role in ensuring economic growth, social equity and live-able environment. In this regard, the non-renewable or conventional source of energy such as oil, gas and coal continue to supply the energy demand throughout the world. Nevertheless, as the awareness of the international society towards the protection and preservation of the global environment is rapidly growing, the utilization of energy resources has been gradually shifted from the non-renewable to renewable ones. Observing the international developments in the field of energy, further international legal instruments is required to be able to regulate renewable energy activities undertaken by the countries today. Although there have been a number of rules in international law, but until recently, most of these regulations is still not legally binding. Moreover, to achieve world order that uses renewable energy, international law also had to resolve some fundamental issues, namely the issue of state sovereignty and energy security
Consumer Justice: A Symbol of Economic Prosperity and Social Progressiveness
Get PDFIt is well recognized fact that consumer confidence and trust in a well functioning market for financial services promotes financial stability, growth efficiency and innovation over the long term. So protection of the interest of consumers is not merely an ethical or humanitarian issue rather it is also an issue of economy. Consumer protection demands for setting of minimum quality specification and safety standards for goods and services to curb unfair trade practices. So far the international norms are concerned it effectively contains the Bill of Rights of Consumers which help them across the globe to effectively protect their interests. Keeping in consideration about the poor bargaining position of the consumers and with an aim to ensure consumers to access non-hazardous products United Nation issued Guidelines for Consumer Protection, 1985, expanded again in 1999. The consumer justice is a facet of socio-economic justice and emanates from the basic philosophy of the Indian constitution i.e. to do justice and to strengthen the standard and status of the people of this country. It has been discussed in this article in an elaborate way about the various provisions of the Constitution and all the legislations which addresses the issues of consumers and resolve to protect their interests. But still the exploitation of Indian consumers by the dishonest traders and service providers become a routine matter and this article also scanned the reasons for the same and also provides suggestions to ameliorate the conditions of consumers. This paper is based on qualitative analysis of the information mainly obtained from secondary sources such as different books and journals as referred over here, Policy documents, existing laws, reports of United Nations, important judgments and observations of Judiciary etc
Reconstruction of Strengthening the Right to Sustainable Groundwater (Assessing Model Policy in Bandar Lampung City)
Get PDFImplementation of sustainable development related to the management of groundwater resources in the area can be realized with the establishment of a policy which is inseparable from the values prevailing in the society. The formation of ground water resources management policies is not only technically partial, but must also be comprehensive-holistic. Groundwater management activities include the conservation and utilization of groundwater organized to realize the sustainability and continuity of availability of groundwater and its sustainable benefit. Water resources policy in the form of government intervention should be able to improve the efficient use of water resources in an optimal and sustainable and should provide reinforcement right to water for the community. Weight of policy should be placed in a fair way, where the public interest, private interest and the government’s interest is positioned in a balanced condition, but with the requirement that the parties are jointly responsible for creating actions in environmental improvements