Hasanuddin University Graduate School: Open Journal Systems
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Arbitration: Understanding It in Theory and Indonesian Practice
Get PDFCross-border transactions have always attracted legal risks. Cross-border legal issues are emerging as a separate area of commercial risk that needs to be more precisely identified and better managed. Many cases of injury to multinational companies which would formerly have been pursued as a diplomatic claim by the nation state of the company are now resolved by arbitration between the company and the respondent state. Arbitration is one of dispute settlement bodies to resolve some issues particular trade, business, investment, and financial issues. Those issues are shaping the range and significance of the cross-border legal issue. Those issues also become a crucial issue to be dealt with the arbitral institution. The reason why the parties of contract choose arbitration is because of the place of arbitration, neutrality, confidentiality, cost and speed, recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards, refusing of arbitral awards, a model of arbitration, and arbitration institution. Those reasons are assumed also to be enacted in Indonesian arbitration practice and in the Islamic law
Characteristics of Paremba Sandstones in Bantimala Complex: The Implication of Oil Exploration in Eastern Indonesia
Get PDFThis research aims to determine the characteristics and provenance of paremba sandstones as an implication of oil and gas reservoirs potential. Paremba sandstone is a shallow marine sedimentary rock in the Bantimala tectonic complex, which is composed of flysh-type sedimentary rocks, interbedded sandstone, shale and conglomerates. The field data retrieval are using measuring section method. There are 31 thin section samples, including 5 blue day thin section samples for provenance analysis based on the percentage content of monocrystalline quartz, polycrystalline quartz, plagioclase, K-Feldfar and rock fragments. Paremba sandstone lies on the Bontorio River consist of conglomerates, very coarse - fine sandstones, siltstone, claystone and fosilliferous limestone with an almost vertical slope of 70 ° - 80 ° and NW - SE direction. Conglomerates are divided into two types, namely cherty conglomerate which is grayish-red colored, the sizes of the grain are pebble - boulder, open-packing, bad sorting, fragments consists of schist and quartzite, matrix in sandy-silt and cement consists of silica (chert) and grayish conglomerates which is similar to a cherty conglomerate, but it has gray colored and absen of chert. Sandstone have coarse - fine grain sizes, sub-angular - rounded grain shapes, in the form of arkose and litharenite which have flame structures (load cast: sole mark), slump structure, parallel lamination and ripple lamination. The presence of mosaic textures on sandy limestones, epidote in sandstones and graphite shows that paremba sandstones had undergone low-grade metamorphism. Based on the Qm-F-Lt diagram, the Qm-PK diagram and the Qt-F-L diagram, the paremba sandstones are from recycled orogen to interior craters, whose rocks had undergone Lithic recyled, transitional recycled, until quartoze recycled so it is interpreted that paremba sandstone comes from the Recycle orogenic tectonic environment. Petrographic observations of five blueday samples found that two of them had porosity <1% with fracture porosity-type. This is indicates that paremba sandstones are not suitable as oil and gas reservoirs
MOTIVATIONS AND RESOURCES OF SMALL-SCALE FARMERS FOR STAYING IN THEIR VILLAGE IN NORTHEAST THAILAND
Get PDFThis study aims to examine one simple question: Why do some small-scale farmers in rural, northeast Thailand keep staying on in their villages despite the fact that they could earn a much higher income if they worked in urban areas? To answer this question, this study which is based on first-hand observations from nine years of intensive fieldwork in rural, northeast Thailand provides a detailed description of the small-scale farmers’ resources that enable them to sustain a living and also provides them motivations to stay in their village. The decision to stay on in the village and forgo the option to move out in pursuit of a higher income may seem irrational in the opinion of economists. However, the author, by employing the “capability approach†argument by A. Sen, argues that their behaviour could be understood as efforts of pursuing “lives worth living†(as expressed in his later work as an architect of the UN’s “human security†program) and not solely profit maximisation. Their efforts include establishing “community groups†and practising “sustainable agriculture†including “organic farming†and “integrated farmingâ€. These activities are well-suited to their natural environments and economic conditions and, at the same time, give them autonomy in their villages
COPING STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY IRAYA-MANGYAN HOUSEHOLDS DURING FOOD INSECURITY IN ABRA, OCCIDENTAL MINDORO, PHILIPPINES
Get PDFThe study was conducted to determine the food security status of the Iraya Mangyans’ and their coping mechanisms employed. The quantitative research design was employed in the study. The modified Radimer/Cornell Hunger and Food Insecurity instrument and Coping Strategy Index (CSI) were used to determine the food security status and their coping mechanism. Result shows the Irayas were middle aged, have medium household size, with low level of basic education, and with an average monthly income slightly “above†the poverty threshold in the province. The Irayas experienced “food insecure without hunger†in which household food supply is adequate but there is an adjustment to household food management, including reduced quality of food and increased unusual coping patterns. The high cost of food items and low agricultural production were the “highly serious problem†on food security. Dietary change, which includes relying on less preferred and less expensive foods and consuming less variety of foods, is the most employed coping mechanism. Household monthly income and years spent in formal school are significantly related to the coping mechanisms employed during food insecurity. However, household size and age have no significant relationship
FEMALE PEASANTS AND THE ALTERNATIVE AGRI-FOOD MOVEMENT IN SOUTH KOREA: AGROECOLOGY AND THE KOREAN WOMEN PEASANT ASSOCIATION MOVEMENT
Get PDFThis paper examines the current state and socio-ecological implications of the alternative agri-food movement organized by the Korean Women Peasant Association (KWPA) in South Korea. In the process of rapid industrial development, South Korean farm sector has suffered from serious environmental problems, depopulation, and poverty. Food production itself has become mostly industrialized using abundant amount of chemical input. This, along with mass consumption system relying on large supermarkets, has led to an unsustainable food system. In this situation, there has been a rise of alternative agri-food movement by the KWPA. We have focused on the influence of agroecology in the KWPA’s activities, which might bring about a more sustainable food system. Under the dominant paradigm of agro-industrialism, farm production inevitably depends on outside resources. This de-contextualizes and disconnects farming from local ecosystems and social relations. Agroecology has emerged in recent years as an alternative paradigm, which can reconnect farming, nature, and society. We have analyzed the KWPA’s programs, such as the indigenous seed preservation movement (ISPM) and Sisters’ Garden Plot (SGP). We have found that agroecology plays an important role in the KWPA’s programs, which involve sharing indigenous farm knowledge; preserving and finding indigenous seeds; and providing seasonal, local, and organic food to the public. These activities have also led to the empowerment of female peasants. These as a whole could be important social resource for a transition to a more sustainable food system
THE STUDY OF SME’S PROFITABILITY AND ITS RELATION TO THE AVAILABILITY OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY IN TELUK WONDAMA REGENCY
Get PDFThis research aimed to investigate the effect of electrical energy costs, the business capital, and the total of the laborers on the profits of the Micro Small and Medium Enterprises in Teluk Wondama Regency.This research used the regression equation. The Objects of the study were Micro Small and Medium Enterprises who were business actors who were impacted doe to the establishment of the cooperation between the Government of Teluk Wondama Regency and PT. PLN in term of supply of the electrical energy. The data were collected using the technique of questionnaires distributed to 90 micro small and medium enterprises. The types of data used were the primary data. The analysis model used in this research was the multiple linear regression.The research result indicated that (1) The electrical costs had a positive and significant effect on the profits of SME in Teluk Wondama Regency; (2) The business capital had a positive and significant effect on the profits of SME in Teluk Wondama Regency; (3) The number of laborers had a positive and significant effect on the profits of SME in Teluk Wondama Regency. The roles of the three factors together had the effect of 46.5%, while the rest of about 53.5% was determined by other factors
BEHAVIOR OF MICRO ENTREPRENEURS JOMBANG AGAINST COST REDUCTION: RELIGIOUS AND SOCIAL VALUE
Get PDFBehavior of Micro Entrepreneurs Jombang Against Cost Reduction: Religious and Social Value. This research tries to reveal the meaning of cost reduction in the perspective of micro entrepreneurs Jombang. Research method using phenomenology, that is by finding that micro entrepreneurs Jombang interpret cost reduction as a side of cost savings to maintain existence by considering the customer aspects and values of religious religiosity in doing business, and interpret the social values in maintaining customer relations and social environment. This is found when they realize that not all content expenditure as a cost, but the existence of business continuity and religiosity owned make them realize that in the distribution of sustenance all there is to manag
ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE STRATEGY OF BADUY’S WOVEN FABRIC INDUSTRY
Get PDFCompetition in the business world in Indonesia in the era of globalization is very strict at the national, regional and international levels. The success of SMEs in Indonesia is inseparable from the role of government and SMEs themselves in an effort to develop SME business activities to achieve competitive advantage. This study aims to analyze the differentiation strategy of Baduy’s woven fabrics as an effort to gain competitive advantage and alternative strategies that can be done to obtain a competitive advantage. Primary data is obtained by questionnaires and interviews with craft makers and local governments through the Department of Industry and Trade / SMI and the SME office. Secondary data is obtained from the Department of Industry and Trade. The technical data analysis used is descriptive quantitative method, through analysis of internal and external factors, SWOT analysis of matrix, space matrix and IE matrix. The results of the analysis using the SWOT matrix are obtained industrial position in an aggressive strategy alternative, by aggressive expansion and promotion. In Internal External Matrix (IE Matrix), results obtained from the position of the Baduy’s weaving industry are in quadrant V (five) with alternative concentration strategies through horizontal integration or stability strategies. SPACE Analysis matrix produces a position in quadrant I (one) with an aggressive strategy alternative. This research model is expected to be an input for the Lebak Regional Government for strategic alternatives in obtaining competitive advantages so that it can help increase the productivity of the Baduy tribe, and be able to contribute or add value in the family even in the regional economy. The research output is a strategy model of competitive advantage in the Baduy’s weaving industry
Research on the Effects of International R&D on Carbon Productivity in China: Empirical Study Based on Dynamic Panel
Get PDFAt present, nearly 70% of the world's new increase carbon dioxide emission comes from China. Technology is the key power to develop low-carbon economy. Because of the shortage of independent　R & D and the relative backwardness of low-carbon technology,　Chinese need developed countries’ R&D capital and advanced technology to promote low-carbon technologies. Based on the panel data from Chinese 30 provinces from 2001 to 2014 and dynamic panel model, this paper researchs on the effects of international R&D on regional carbon productivity in China. The empirical results show that, the technology spillover effect of FDI and import trade can improve carbon productivity, and imported technology contracts play a positive role on carbon productivity, but not significant. There is a significant positive correlation between independent R&D and carbon productivity. Finally, the corresponding policy is put forward according to the conclusion
Elimination of toxalbumin in candlenut seed (Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd) using wet heating at high temperature and identification of compounds in the candlenut glycoprotein
Get PDFToxalbumin is a toxic glyprotein contained in candlenut seeds. This toxic compound can be removed by heat treatment before the candlenut is used in processed food products. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of wet heating at high temperatures on the toxicity of candlenut toxalbumin by examining protein profiles, amino acid and carbohytrate contens in the candlenut extract. The material used in this study was unbroken candlenut seeds. This research apply Randomize complete design. The wet hight temperature treatment of candlenut seeds in this study was carried out in autoclave followed by drying in an oven. The wet heat tretment was performed at several conditions, namely without heating as control (P0), drying in oven at 70oC for 7 hours (P1), wet heating in autoclave at 121oC for 5 minutes (P2), 10 minutes (P3), 15 minutes (P4), and 20 minutes (P5). The P2, P3, P4 and P5 treatments were respectively followed by oven drying at 70oC for 7 hours. The results showed that treatment P5 reduced toxicity of candlenut toxalbumin as has been shown in other research through hemaglutination assay which indicated the abcence of aglutination of blood cells. The protein profile of candlenut extract revealed four protein bands with molecular weight of about 18-60 kDa. The reduction of toxicity has also been indicated by the lowest intensity of the bright blue color band on the P5 treatment compared the intensities of the other bands from the other treatments. Reduction of toxicity of the toxalbumin of candlenut seeds after 20 minutes of wet heating (P5) was caused by changes in the polarity of the amino acid glycoprotein. The reduction of non polar amino acids in toxalbumin (glycoprotein) occurred during wet heating, in particular, valine and proline. The increase of glucose and fructose contents was due to the breakdown of glycosidic bonds in glycoprotein molecules