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Inhibitory effect of Curcumin on a cervical cancer cell line via the RAS/RAF signaling pathway
No full textThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY International License.Objective. Cervical cancer has a very important place in female infertility and ranks fourth among cancers affecting women. Curcumin (CUR) is closely associated with the expression and activity of various regulatory proteins. It is also known that curcumin has preventive and therapeutic effects on various types of cancer. In this study, the anticancer activities of curcumin were demonstrated in the human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). Methods. qRT-PCR and western blot analyses were used to evaluate mRNA and protein expression of curcumin in HeLa and immortalized human skin keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT) (proliferation and apoptosis regulatory markers of the RAS/RAF signaling pathway). MTT analysis was performed, showing HeLa and HaCaT cell proliferation depending on the dose and duration of curcumin and doxorubicin. A wound scratch healing assay was applied to examine cell migration and invasion of HeLa after curcumin application. To determine the role of curcumin and doxorubicin in the apoptosis of HeLa cells, the mRNA levels of caspase-3 were examined by qRT-PCR. The results were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA SPSS 20.0 program. Results. CUR (IC50: 242.8 mu M) and DOX (IC50: 92.1 mu M) were determined to have the ability to inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells and induce apoptosis over a 72-hour period and dose- dependently. Moreover, the results revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of RAF and RAS in HeLa cells were downregulated by CUR and DOX. Conclusions. The findings show that an alternative treatment method for cervical cancer can be developed with the application of CUR and DOX. Alternative methods for cervical cancer treatment may be developed using different methods in future studies
FOREKS PİYASALARINDA MAJOR PARİTE VE ENDEKSLERDE KULLANILAN İNDİKATÖRLERİN OPTİMİZASYONU
Full text linkWith the developing technology and its widespread use, foreks markets have taken their place in the financial world both as a hedging instrument in international trade and as a means of generating income in the leveraged market. The market where instruments such as stocks, currency pairs, indices and commodities are traded ha a high transaction volume. Indicators, which are the sources used to make investment decisions, are indispensable for technical analysis. In this study, MACD, RSI, CCI, STOCHASTIC, MA, MOM, TILLSON, PSAR, MOST, OTT, which are among the most used indicators in the world, were used. Difference between standard values and optimized values on EURUSD, XAUUSD, NDX were compared. The performances of the research technical analysis indicators were completed using the data between Dec 01.01.2021 and Dec 01.01.2024 in the foreks markets. The data of 781 days/bar in EURO/USD parity, 776 days/bar in XAUUSD commodity and 754 days/bar in NDX index were used in the research. According to the research results, the yield curves of the optimized values of the indicators examined are higher than the yield curves obtained with standard values. Accordingly, it is possible to say that optimizing the indicators in the examined instruments creates the opportunity to obtain higher returnsGelişen teknoloji ve kullanımının yaygınlaşması ile foreks piyasaları hem uluslararası ticarette korunma enstrümanı olarak, hem de kaldıraçlı piyasada gelir elde etme aracı olarak finans dünyasındaki yerini almıştır. Hisse senedi, döviz çiftleri, endeks, emtia gibi araçların alım satımının yapıldığı piyasa yüksek işlem hacmine sahiptir. Yatırım kararlarını vermek için başvurulan kaynaklardan olan indikatörler teknik analizin vazgeçilmezi olarak yerini almaktadır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan indikatörler arasında yer alan MACD, RSI, CCI, STOCHASTIC, MA, MOM, TİLLSON, PSAR MOST, OTT kullanılmıştır. EURUSD, XAUUSD, NDX üzerindeki standart değerler ve optimize edilmiş değerlerle yapılan işlemlerin getiri eğrileri arasındaki fark karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırma teknik analiz indikatörlerinin performansları foreks piyasalarında 01.01.2021 ile 01.01.2024 tarihleri arasındaki veriler kullanılarak tamamlanmıştır. Araştırmada EURO/USD paritesinde 781 gün/bar, XAUUSD emtiasında 776 gün/bar ve NDX endeksinde 754 gün/bar’a ait veriler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre incelenen indikatörlerin optimize edilmiş değerlerinin getiri eğrileri standart değerlerle elde edilen getiri eğrilerinden daha yüksektir. Buna göre incelenen enstrümanlarda indikatörleri optimize etmenin daha yüksek getiri elde etme imkanı yarattığını söylemek mümkündür
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using styrax officinalis extract, their characterization and investigation of biological activities
No full textNanopartiküller, nanoteknolojinin bir parçası olarak, küçük boyut, yüzey hacim oranı, iletkenlik gibi özellikleriyle ön plana çıkmaktadırlar. Nanopartiküllerin sentezinde çevre dostu, düşük maliyetli, uygulaması kolay bir yöntem olan yeşil sentez geleneksel yöntemlere göre tercih sebebi olmaktadır. Birçok alanda kullanımı tercih edilen nanopartiküllerden biri de gümüş nanopartiküllerdir. Bu çalışmada Styracaceae familyasına ait halk tarafından ayı fındığı, tespih ağacı, tesbi olarak adlandırılan Styrax officinalis bitkisinin sulu yaprak ekstraktı kullanılarak yeşil sentez yöntemi ile gümüş nanopartikül (AgNP) sentezi yapıldı. Sentezlenen AgNP'lerin karakterizasyonu UV-Vis Spektroskopi (UV-Vis), Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM), Enerji Dağılım Spektroskopisi (EDS) yöntemleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Ekstrakt ve AgNP'lerin antimikrobiyal, antibiyofilm, antioksidan, mutajenik, DNA kırma aktiviteleri belirlendi. Antimikrobiyal aktivite analizinde, broth mikrodilüsyon yöntemi kullanıldı Minimum İnhibisyon Konsantrasyon (MİK) değeri ile ekstrakt ve AgNP'lerde antimikrobiyal aktivite belirlendi. Antibiyofilm aktivite mikroplaka metodu ile çalışıldı ve AgNP'lerin Bacillus subtilis bakterisine karşı en yüksek antibiyofilm aktivite gösterdiği gözlemlendi. DPPH Radikali Süpürme Aktivitesi ve ABTS•+ Katyon Radikali Giderme yöntemleri ile antioksidan aktivitesi çalışıldı. Ekstraktın AgNP'lerden daha yüksek antioksidan kapasiteye sahip olduğu görüldü. Ames/Salmonella testi ile Salmonella typhimurium'a ait iki suş olan TA98 ve TA100 kullanılarak mutajenik aktivitesi incelendi. Ekstrakt ve AgNP'lerin mutajenik aktiviteye sahip olmadığı görüldü. DNA kırma aktivitesini araştırmak için agaroz jel elektroforez yöntemi kullanıldı. Oksitleyici ajan, H2O2 (Hidrojen peroksit) varlığında ekstrakt ve AgNP'ler DNA kırma aktivitesi gösterdi.Nanoparticles, as a part of nanotechnology, stand out with their properties such as small size, surface volume ratio, and conductivity. Green synthesis, which is an environmentally friendly, low-cost, and easy-to-apply method in the synthesis of nanoparticles, is preferred over traditional methods. One of the nanoparticles preferred in many areas is silver nanoparticles. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were synthesized by green synthesis method using the aqueous leaf extract of Styrax officinalis plant, which belongs to the Styracaceae family and is commonly known as bear hazelnut, tesbih tree, and tesbi. UV-Vis Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) methods were used to characterize the synthesized AgNPs. The antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, mutagenic, and DNA breaking activities of the extract and AgNPs were examined. In the antimicrobial activity analysis, broth microdilution method was used. Antimicrobial activity in extracts and AgNPs was determined with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value. Antibiofilm activity was studied by microplate method and it was observed that AgNPs showed the highest antibiofilm activity against Bacillus subtilis bacteria. Antioxidant activity was studied by DPPH Radical Scavenging and ABTS•+ Cation Radical Scavenging Activities methods. It was found that the extract had higher antioxidant capacity than AgNPs. Mutagenic activity was investigated using two strains of Salmonella typhimurium, TA98 and TA100, with Ames/Salmonella test. It was seen that the extract and AgNPs did not have mutagenic activity. Agarose gel electrophoresis method was used to investigate DNA cleavage activity. In the presence of H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide), which as an oxidizing agent, the extract and AgNPs showed DNA cleavage activity
Electrochromic supercapacitor electrodes based on viologen-derived cross-linked thin films
No full textViologens are an important class of materials in organic electrochromic technology due to their n-type semiconductor properties and the high color intensity in their radical cation state. Due to their charged structures, viologens are generally ideal molecules for gel-based organic electrochromic devices, but with specific modifications, they can also be employed in thin-film-based electrochromic devices (ECDs). In this study, crosslinking reactions of viologen-based molecules (ALV-X) with various allyl group-containing counterions were conducted on ITO/Glass surfaces in the presence of a tetra-thiol-based crosslinker. The surface roughness of the resulting films varied from 4.64 nm to 8.46 nm depending on the counterion exchange. Electrochemical characterizations of the prepared viologen-based crosslinked electrodes indicated that the LUMO energy levels ranged between −4.267 eV and −4.297 eV. Viologen-based cross-linked thin films with transmittance changes close to 30 % in the visible region, 50 % in the UV region and 20 % in the NIR region with specific capacitances of 0.25 mF cm−2 have been found to be highly suitable materials, especially as cathodic layers in electrochromic/supercapacitor devices. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.National Research Foundation of Korea, NRFTürkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TUBITAK, (NRF-2022K2A9A1A06093487, FY2022, 122N879)Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TUBITA
Examining the Effects of Science Curriculum and Activities Developed for Gifted Students in Türkiye
No full textThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.This study employed a mixed-methods design to investigate the impact of activities developed by the Ministry of National Education (MoNE) on the scientific creativity and scientist perceptions of gifted 5th-grade students. The research used a one-group pretest-posttest design with a sample of 22 students from a Science and Art Education Centre in a northwestern province of Türkiye. Quantitative data were collected using the "Scientific Creativity Test" and "Draw a Scientist Test", while qualitative data were gathered through an opinion form and a metaphor generation task. Results indicated that the activities significantly enhanced scientific creativity but did not alter scientist perceptions. Qualitative findings revealed that students developed more positive views of science and scientists, finding the activities both engaging and informative. © 2025, STAR Scholars Network. All rights reserved
Effects of Forage-to-Concentrate Ratio on Abnormal Stereotypic Behavior in Lambs and Goat Kids
No full textA crucial component of small ruminant production, particularly where intensive systems are becoming more prevalent, is determining the forage-to-concentrate (F:C) ratio in their daily diets. The effects of the F:C ratio in lambs and goat kids' daily diets on growth, stereotypical behavior, and blood biochemical parameters were investigated. Eighteen Tahirova sheep lambs and 18 Turkish Saanen goat kids were used, divided into three groups using the following F:C ratios: 20:80, 60:40, and 80:20. Growth rates, weight gains, and feed conversion ratios were determined. Urea nitrogen, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, creatine kinase, and cortisol hormones were measured in blood samples. In lambs, growth remained consistent across F:C groups. In goat kids, however, the 20:80 group showed superior growth and weight gain. Based on the F:C ratios, behavioral differences were found in forage feeding, rumination, water consumption, and standing activities. Similarly, the 20:80 group displayed higher rates of bar biting, crib biting, and wool biting in lambs, as well as bar biting, crib biting, bucket biting, and chain chewing in goat kids. Cortisol levels were significantly higher in the 80:20 group than in the 20:80 group for both species. Insufficient forage can cause abnormal stereotypical behaviors, which negatively impact animal welfare.Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, The Scientific Research Coordination Unit (BAP) [FBA-2019-2866]This work was supported by Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, The Scientific Research Coordination Unit (BAP), project number FBA-2019-2866. The funding source had no role in the design, practice, or analysis of this study
The effect of Ainos Ancient City finds on the design of ceramic memorial in the region
No full textVerimli topraklar ve önemli bağlantı yolları üzerinde kurulan Ainos, tarih öncesi çağlardan günümüze kadar önemli bir yerleşim bölgesi olmuştur. 1971 yılında Ainos'ta arkeolojik kazı ve araştırmalara başlanmış ve bu süreçte çok sayıda buluntu gün ışığına çıkmıştır. Ele geçen buluntular arasında yer alan seramikler, Ainos'un geçmişte seramik sanatına verdiği önemi ve sahip olduğu seramik zenginliğini gözler önüne sermektedir. Günümüzde Ainos Antik Kenti'nin üzerine kurulmuş olan Edirne İli'nin Enez İlçesi, deniz turizmi amacıyla birçok turist tarafından ziyaret edilen bir merkez haline gelmiştir. Enez'de satılan anı eşyalarının kentin kültürel değerlerini yansıtması, bu değerlerin tanıtılması ve gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması açısından önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ainos Antik Kenti kazılarında bulunan seramiklerin, kentte satılan anı eşyalarının tasarımına etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden alan araştırması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma, Enez'de anı eşyası satan dört dükkân ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu dükkânlarda satılan anı eşyalarının mevcut durumu incelendikten sonra Ainos'ta bulunan seramikleri yansıtmaları açısından bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, Enez'de satılan anı eşyaları arasında Ainos Antik Kenti'nde ortaya çıkan seramikleri yansıtan tasarımlara yer verilmediği görülmüştür. Bölgede satılan anı eşyalarının birçoğu, ülkemizin farklı şehirlerinde rastladığımız, özgünlükten yoksun, yöreye ait izler taşımayan ürünlerdir.Founded on fertile lands and important connection routes, Ainos has been an important settlement area from prehistoric times to the present day. In 1971, archaeological excavations and research began in Ainos and many finds were unearthed during this process. The ceramics among the finds reveal the importance that Ainos gave to the art of ceramics in the past and the richness of its ceramics. Today, Enez district, built on the ancient city of Ainos, has become a center visited by many tourists for sea tourism. The souvenirs sold in Enez reflect the cultural values of the city and play an important role in promoting and transferring these values to future generations. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the ceramics found in the excavations of the Ancient City of Ainos on the design of the souvenirs sold in the city. Field research from qualitative research methods was used in the study. The study was limited to four shops selling memorabilia in Enez. After examining the current situation of the souvenirs sold in these shops, an evaluation was made in terms of reflecting the ceramics found in Ainos. The souvenirs in Enez do not reflect the ceramics found in the ancient city of Ainos. Most of the souvenirs sold in the region are products that we come across in different cities of our country, which lack originality and do not bear traces of the region
To Starve the Beast or Not to Starve the Beast? Evidence from Debt-Distressed Region
Full text linkThe elimination of budgetary disequilibrium remains a contentious issue, with scholars and policymakers debating the efficacy of tax alterations versus limiting government outlays. This topic has garnered significant attention, although research on the spending-revenue nexus is noticeably skewed against Africa, which presents an intriguing research opportunity. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) reported a concerning rise in public debt across Africa, highlighting the urgent need for public finance consolidation. In contrast to the extant literature, this study examines the dynamic link between revenues and expenditures from 1990 to 2022. Applying wavelet decomposition to account for temporary variations, our analysis reveals dynamic patterns in the revenue-expenditure nexus. Our findings support the institutional separation hypothesis in the short run, suggesting a distinct relationship between revenues and outlay. However, in the medium-to long-run, our results support the fiscal synchronization hypothesis, accentuating a more intertwined association between revenues and expenditures. This study sheds light on the nuanced dynamics of budgetary equilibrium in Africa, providing insights that can inform policy priorities and decision-making. Finally, by focusing on the unique context of Africa and using advanced techniques, this study contributes to the existing literature on budgetary equilibrium, filling a crucial gap in our knowledge of the public finance dynamics in the region. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
The predictive effect of well trained elite men road cyclists' anthropometry values and strength endurance on climb time trial performance
No full textBackground: Cycling performance is primarily determined by endurance, with both lower and upper extremity muscle strength having a decisive impact on race performance. No studies have examined the relationship between strength values and field performance, especially in elite level male road cyclists. The aim of this study was to explore and the relationship between anthropometric values, strength endurance and climb time trial (TT) performance in elite male road cyclists. Methods: A total of 36 male road cyclists volunteered to participate (age: 21 f 2 year, height: 175 f 3 cm, weight: 70 f 4 kg; body fat ratio: 8 f 2%). The athletes underwent five visits: for demographic data collection, height and body weight measurements, body composition analysis, strength assessment (plank, push-up, pull-up, squat, barbell curl) and a TT test. Results: The results of multiple linear regression analysis revealed a statistically significant prediction formula, showing that plank duration and push-up repetitions could predict hill TT performance time (r = 0.66 and r(2) = 0.44 (t (2, 33) = 13.099, p <0.001) and average cycling speed at (r = 0.69 and r(2) = 0.48 levels (t (2, 33) = 9.149, p <0.001). However, no significant prediction formula was found for the anthropometric parameters (body weight, body fat ratio, muscle mass, bone mineral content, total body water, muscle mass ratio). Anthropometric values were not predictive of hill TT duration (t (2, 33) = 2.132, p = 0.070) and average speed (t (2, 33) = 1.519, p = 0.297). Conclusions: In conclusion, the duration of plank and push-up endurance movements are significantly related to hill time trial performance and these exercises serve as predictors for cycling performance
Discussing Urban Space in the Shadow of the 2024 Local Election Promises
No full textBu çalışma 2024 yerel seçimleriyle birlikte siyasi partilerin kamuoyuyla paylaştığı yerel seçim bildirgelerinin kentsel mekân çerçevesinde incelenmesine odaklanmaktadır. Seçim bildirgeleri, kentsel mekânın sorunsallaştırılarak, bu kapsamda politikaların üretildiği metinlerdir ve partilerin yerellere dair gelecek planını açıklamaktadır. Bu metinlerde, özellikle kentsel mekâna yönelik vaatler önemli bir yer tutarken; yine bu metinlerde, diğer partilerin özellikle iktidar partisinin ve yereldeki iktidar partilerinin kentsel mekâna ilişkin politikalarına yönelik eleştirilerine de yer verilmektedir. 2024 Yerel Seçimleri sonuçları itibarıyla şimdiden Türkiye siyaseti açısından önemli bir yere sahip olmuştur. Seçim sonuçları üzerinde kentsel mekânın son 20 yılda aldığı formla birlikte seçim süreci de etkili olmuş ve bütün bu gelişmeler seçim bildirgelerinde üretilen politikalara yansımıştır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma kapsamında, Türkiye’nin son 20 yılda aldığı mekânsal formun yanı sıra yerel siyasetin Türkiye siyaseti açısından önemi de ele alınacaktır. Bu makalede, 2024 yerel seçimlerinde, büyükşehir, il, ilçe belediye düzeyinde seçimi kazanmış olan siyasi partilerin yerel seçim bildirgelerinin, katılımcılık, kentsel rant, kentsel dönüşüm, vadedilen mekân kurgusu ve geleceğin kentleri için üretilen politikalar ekseninde incelenerek, yerel siyasi gündemle birlikte kentsel mekânsal gelişimi arasındaki etkileşimin aydınlatılması amaçlanmaktadır.This study critically analyzes the local election manifestos issued by political parties in the lead-up to Turkey's 2024 local elections, focusing on their approaches to urban space. These manifestos are not only key political documents but also reflect the parties' strategies and policy proposals for the future development of local areas. They highlight plans for urban spaces while often critiquing the urban policies of ruling parties, especially at the local level. The outcomes of the 2024 elections marked a pivotal moment in Turkish politics, shaped by the transformation of urban spaces over the past two decades and the dynamics of the electoral process. Accordingly, this study examines both the spatial transformations Turkey has experienced over the past two decades and the role of local politics within the broader framework of Turkish politics. The study focuses on the manifestos of the winning parties at the metropolitan, provincial, and district levels, examining their proposals on urban issues such as urban rent, urban transformation, spatial planning, and visions for future cities. By doing so, it aims to shed light on the relationship between the local political agenda and urban spatial development in contemporary Turkey