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Prognostic impact of neck responders on conception rate of Czech Fleckvieh Simmental cows
Full text linkArticle Details: Received: 2020-10-25 | Accepted: 2020-11-27 | Available online: 2021-01-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.mi-prap.58-61The climate in the Czech Republic is mild, transient between oceanic and continental, with a typical alternation of 4-year periods. The continental climate is characterized by high temperatures in summer and low temperatures in winter. During the extreme fluctuation of microclimatic conditions in the stable, there is also a change in individual reproductive indicators due to disruption of hormonal secretion, which further affects individual physiological processes, thus worsening conception or milder manifestations of heat, which we currently try to detect by neck responders and other modern systems.The experiment analyzed the effect of the average monthly temperature and humidity in the stable on the percentage of pregnant cows, in 2017 without the use of neck responders and in 2019, when all cows already had a neck responder. Monitoring was performed in 2017 and 2019 on the private farm GenAgro Říčany, a.s. (GPS 49 ° 12'32.319 "N, 16 ° 23'42.666" V). The values of average temperatures and relative humidity were calculated from 15-minute interval recordings of HOBO brand data loggers (Onset), which were placed in the stable, at the height at the withers of the cows without the possibility of influencing the measurements by the cows themselves. The object of monitoring was a herd of approximately 700 cows of Czech Fleckvieh Simmental various lactations. Data on the conception of cows were obtained both from the monthly reports of the breeding organization and from the data of the breeder.Thermal stress can have a long-lasting effect observable for weeks or months after the summer. This is also evidenced by the results of the work, which shows the worsening conception of cows, especially in late summer and autumn. At the same time, the results show a positive effect of the used neck responders, which help with the detection of heat and thus improve the reproduction of the whole herd.Keywords: Czech Fleckvieh Simmental, smart farming, neck responders, reproduction, heat stressReferencesBadinga, L., et al. (1985). Effects of climatic and management factors on conception rate of dairy cattle in subtropical environment. J Dairy Sci, 68, 78–85.Bertipaglia, E. C. A., et al. (2005). Fertility and hair coat characteristics of Holstein cows in a tropical environment. Anim Reprod, 2(3), 187–194.Bridges, P. J. et al. (2005). Elevated temperature (heat stress) in vitro reduces androstenedione and estradiol and increases progesterone secretion by follicular cells from bovine dominant follicles. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 29, 508–522, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.domaniend.2005.02.017.Funnell, A. (2015). Robots and the future of agriculture.[cited 2020-10-15]. Available from:http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/futuretense/a-swarmof-agbots/6968940Jelínek, P., Koudela, K. et al. (2003). Fyziologie hospodářských zvířat. Brno: Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita.Rensis, F. D., Scaramuzzi, R. . (2003). Heat stress and seasonal effects on reproduction in the dairy cow – a review. Theriogenology, 60,1139–1151, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(03)00126-2.Schmitt, E. J. et al. (1996). Differential response of the luteal phase and fertility in cattle following ovulation of the first-wave follicle with human chorionic gonadotropin or an agonist of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone. J Anim Sci, 74, 1074–1083, DOI: 10.2527/1996.7451074xSchwab, K. (2016). The fourth industrial revolution. New York: Crown Business.Ustundag, A., Cevikcan, E. (2017). Industry 4.0: managing the digital transformation. New York: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.Velechovská, J. (2016). Monitoring přežvykování pro efektivnější chov. Chov [online]., 8. číslo 18–20 str. [cited 2020-10-15]. Available from:https://www.eurofarm.cz/sites/www.eurofarm.cz/files/u2018/08-2016-chov-priloha_str18-20-eurofarm.pdfWolfenson, D., Roth, Z., Meidan, R. (2000). Impaired reproduction in heat stressed: basic and applied aspects. Anim Reprod Sci, 60, 535–547, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4320(00)00102-0
Benefits of biochar application for sandy loam Albic Luvisol
No full textArticle Details: Received: 2021-10-20 | Accepted: 2021-10-30 | Available online: 2021-12-31 https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.04.279-285 Biochar application as a method to retain nutrients in soils is being very widely discussed in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to test wheather a comercially produced slow pyrolysis biochar affected mineral nitrogen leaching from arable sandy loam Albic Luvisol and wheather it was affecting water retention capacity of the soil and root growth at the very early stage of root developement. Two laboratory experiments were conducted. The leaching experiment included four treatments: S – control soil; SB20 – soil + biochar (20 t ha-1); SF – soil + fertiliser (120 kg N ha-1); SB20F – soil + biochar (20 t ha-1) + fertiliser (120 N kg ha-1) with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) sown. The leachate from the soil with the treatments was analised for pH and available nitrogen in ammonium (NH4 +) and nitrate (NO3 −) forms. The water retention capacity of the soil after the leaching experiment was measured at water potentials between -5, and -300 kPa. In the second experiment watercress (Lepidium sativum L.) was used to study the root growth in the aqueous extracts from the studied soil with different amendments. The results of the conducted studies have shown that the tested biochar did not help in preventing NO3 − or NH4 + leaching from the arable sandy loam Albic Luvisol. Waterholding capacity of the studied soil was increasing after biochar application only at water potentials of -5 kPa and -10 kPa that corresponded to the soil capillary water. The extract from the biochar had a stimulating effect on the watercress root growth.Keywords: biochar, toxicity, nutrient leaching, laboratory study, light textured soil References:Abramova, T.V. and Buchkina, N.P. (2022). Short-term effect of heavy precipitation on nutrient leaching from arable sandy loam Albic Luvisol amended with fertiliser and biochar. Zemdirbyste (in press).Beesley, L., Moreno-Jiménez, E., Gomez-Eyles, J.L., Harris, E., Robinson, B. and Sizmur, T. (2011). A review of biochars‘ potential role in the remediation, revegetation and restoration of contaminated soils. Environ Pollut, 159(12), 3269–3282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.07.023Cameron, K.C., Di, H.J. and Moir, J.L. (2013). Nitrogen losses from the soil/plant system: a review. Annals of Applied Biology, 162, 145–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12014Dias, B.O., Silva, C.A., Higashikawa, F.S., Roig, A. and Sanchez-Monedero, M.A. (2010). Use of biochar as bulking agent for the composting of poultry manure: effect on organic matter degradation and humification. Bioresour Technol, 101(4), 1239– 1246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.024Glaser, B., Lehmann, J. and Zech W. (2002). Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal – a review. Biology and fertility of soils, 35, 219–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-002-0466-4Ghorbani, M., Asadi, H. and Abrishamkesh, S. (2019). Effects of rice husk biochar on selected soil properties and nitrate leaching in loamy sand and clay soil. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 7(3), 258–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2019.05.005Grossman, J.M., O’neill, B.E., Tsai, S.M., Liang, B., Neves, E. and Lehmann, J. (2010). Amazonian anthrosols support similar microbial communities that differ distinctly from those extant in adjacent, unmodified soils of the same mineralogy. Microb Ecol, 60, 192–205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-010-9689-3Hale S.E., Lehmann, J., Rutherford, D., Zimmerman, A.R., Bachmann, R.T., Shitumbanuma, V., O‘Toole, A., Sundqvist, K.L., Arp, H.P.H. and Cornelissen, G. (2012). Quantifying the total and bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins in biochars. Environ Sci Technol, 46(5), 2830–2838. https://doi.org/10.1021/es203984kHale, S.E., Alling, V., Martinsen, V., Mulder, J., Breedveld, G.D. and Cornelissen, G. (2013). The sorption and desorption of phosphate-P, ammonium-N and nitrate-N in cacao shell and corn cob biochars. Chemosphere, 91(11), 1612–1619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.12.057Hester, R.E., Harrison, R.M. and Addiscott, T.M. (1996). Fertilisers and nitrate leaching. In: Hester R.E., Harrison R.M. (еds.). Agricultural Chemicals and the Environment, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1–26.Igaz, D., Šimanský, V, Horák, J., Kondrlová, E., Domanová, J., Rodný, M. and Buchkina, N. (2018). Can a single dose of biochar affect selected soil physical and chemical characteristics? J Hydrol Hydromech, 66(4), 421–428. https://doi.org/10.2478/johh-2018-0034Ju, X.T., Kou, C.L., Zhang, F.S. and Christie, P. (2006). Nitrogen balance and groundwater nitrate contamination: comparison among three intensive cropping systems on the North China Plain. Environmental Pollution, 143(1), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.11.005Juria, M. and Simansky, V. (2019). Effects of biochar and its reapplication on soil pH and sorption properties of silt loam haplic Luvisol. Acta horticulturae et regiotecturae, 22(2), 66–71. https://doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2019-0012Li, S., Zhang, Y., Yan, W. and Shangguan, Z. (2018). Effect of biochar application method on nitrogen leaching and hydraulic conductivity in a silty clay soil. Soil and Tillage Research, 183, 100–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2018.06.006Liu, X., Zhang, A., Ji, C., Joseph, S., Bian, R., Li, L., Pan, G. and Paz-Ferreiro, J. (2013). Biochar’s effect on crop productivity and the dependence on experimental conditions – a meta-analysis of literature data. Plant and Soil, 373, 583–594. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1806-xMuhina, I.M., Rizhiya, E.Y., Buchkina, N.P. and Balashov, E.V. (2019). Changes in soil conditions after application of biochar. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 368, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/368/1/012037Oleszczuk, P., Jośko, I. and Kuśmierz, M. (2013). Biochar properties regarding to contaminants content and ecotoxicological assessment. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 260, 375–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.05.044Rizhiya, E.Y., Buchkina, N.P., Mukhina, I.M., Belinets, A.S. and Balashov, E.V. (2015). Effect of biochar on the properties of loamy sand Spodosol soil samples with different fertility levels: A laboratory experiment. Eurasian Soil Sci, 48, 192–200. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229314120084Rogovska, N., Laird, D., Cruse, R.M., Trabue, S. and Heaton, E. (2012). Germination tests for assessing biochar quality. J of Envir Qual, 41(4), 1014–1022. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2011.0103 https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2011.0103Solaiman, Z.M., Murphy, D.V. and Abbott, L.K. (2012). Biochars influence seed germination and early growth of seedlings. Plant and Soil, 353, 273–287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-1031-4Watanabe, M., Miura, S., Hasegawa, S., Koshikawa, M.K., Takamatsu, T., Kohzu, A., Imai, A. and Hayashi, S. (2018). Coniferous coverage as well as catchment steepness influences local stream nitrate concentrations within a nitrogen-saturated forest in central Japan. Science of The Total Environment, 636, 539–546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.307Zhang, M., Riaz, M., Zhang, L., El-desouki, Z. and Jiang, C. (2019). Biochar induces changes to basic soil properties and bacterial communities of different soils to varying degrees at 25 mm rainfall: more effective on acidic soils. Front. Microbiol., 10, 1321. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.0132
The use of cinnamon oil as antibacterial agent to eliminate some antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from water sources
Full text linkArticle Details: Received: 2020-07-09 | Accepted: 2020-10-14 | Available online: 2021-03-31 https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.01.1-8Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes produced by Gram-negative microorganisms, which may be resistant to commonly used antibiotics. The purpose of this research was to estimate the bactericidal effects of cinnamon oil on ESBLproducing bacteria. In this study, 227 water samples were collected from wells in Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia. The samples were cultured on a cystine lactose electrolyte-deficient (CLED) medium. A MicroScan system was used to identify bacteria and also for antimicrobial susceptibility test. Activity of crud cinnamon oil and its fractions were detected by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the ESBL-producing bacteria. Morphological changes of the treated bacteria were observed and oil compounds was investigated. The culture was positive on the CLED medium in 170 out of 227 water samples. In 170 CLED-positive isolates, E. coli was the most common organism, followed by K. pneumoniae. The results showed that 100% of K. pneumoniae isolates were completely resistant to ampicillin (100%), then by mezlocillin (92.5%), cefazolin, and cefuroxime (77.5%). Also, 86.9% of E. coli isolates were the most resistant to ampicillin, followed by mezlocillin (83%). 82% of K. pneumoniae and 89% of E. coli isolates were confirmed by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) as ESBL-producers. The cinnamon oil activity was only concentrated in the oxygenated fraction. The MICs of the oxygenated fraction were 80 and 20 µl/mL at 105 CFU of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae, respectively. This study indicated the antibacterial effects of cinnamon essential oil to eliminate some antibiotic-resistant bacteria from water.Keywords: water, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, antibiotic resistance, essential oil References ADEYEMI, A.O. et al. (2014). Antibiotics susceptibility patterns of some uropathogens to nitrofurantoin and nalidixic acid among pregnant women with urinary tract infections in federal medical centre, Bida, Niger-State, North Central, Nigeria. American Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease, 2, 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/ajeid-2-4-1AL YOUSEF, S. A. et al. (2016). Control. Detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli on water at Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Pollution Effects & Control, 4(01). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2375-4397.1000155BRADFORD, P.A. (2001). Extended-spectrum β-lactamases in the 21st century: characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 14(4), 933–951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.14.4.933-951.2001BRENES, A. and ROURA, E. (2010). Essential oils in poultry nutrition: Main effects and modes of action. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 158, 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.03.007BURT, S. (2004). Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods – a review. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94(2), 223–253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.03.022CHANG, C.W. et al. (2008). Antibacterial activities of plant essential oils against Legionella pneumophila. Water Research, 42, 278–286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.07.008DIAO, W.R. et al. (2013). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil from green huajiao (Zanthoxylum schinifolium) against selected foodborne pathogens. J. Agric. Food Chem., 61(25), 6044–6049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf4007856DOI, Y. et al. (2007). Community-acquired extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers, United States. Emerging Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 13(7),1121–1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1307.070094DORMAN, H. and DEANS, S.G. (2000). Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 88(2), 308–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.00969.xGASPARI, R.J. et al. (2005). Antibiotic resistance trends in paediatric uropathogens. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 26(4), 267–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.07.009JONES R.N. (1986). NCCLS standards: approved methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Antimicrobic Newsletter, 3(1), 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0738-1751(86)90022-5KOHANSKI, M.A. et al. (2007). A common mechanism of cellular death induced by bactericidal antibiotics. Cell, 130(5), 797–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.06.049LAL, P. et al. (2007). Occurrence of TEM & SHV gene in extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing Klebsiella sp. isolated from a tertiary care hospital. Indian J. Med. Res., 125, 173–178.LIN, L. et al. (2017). Antibacterial poly (ethylene oxide) electrospun nanofibers containing cinnamon essential oil/ beta-cyclodextrin proteoliposomes. Carbohydrate Polymers, 178, 131–140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.09.043MAcKENZIE, F. et al. (2002). Comparison of screening methods for TEM-and SHV-derived extended-spectrum β-lactamase detection. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 8(11), 715–724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0691.2002.00473.xMOLAND, E.S et al. (2002). Occurrence of newer β-lactamases in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from 24 US hospitals. 2002. American Society for Microbiology, 46(12), 3837–3842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.12.3837-3842.2002NARAYANASWAMY, A. and MALLIKA M.E. (2011). Prevalence and Susceptibility of extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary isolates of Escherichia coli in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Chennai-South India. Internet Journal of Medical Update, 6(1), 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijmu.v6i1.63975OJAGH, S.M. et al. (2010). Development and evaluation of a novel biodegradable film made from chitosan and cinnamon essential oil with low affinity toward water. Food Chemistry, 122(1), 161–166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.02.033PATEL, J. et al. (2001). M100-S25, Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter, 23, 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-4399(01)88009-0PESAVENTO, G. et al. (2015). Antibacterial activity of Oregano, Rosmarinus and Thymus essential oils against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes in beef meatballs. Food Control, 54, 188–199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.01.045RAEISI, M. et al. (2015). Antimicrobial effect of cinnamon essential oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Health Scope, 4(4), e21808. http://dx.doi.org/10.17795/jhealthscope-21808RAMESH, N. et al. (2019). Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL)-mediated resistance to third generation cephalosporins and conjugative transfer of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospitals in Tamil Nadu, India. Preprints, 2019100103. http://dx.doi.org/10.20944/preprints201910.0103.v1REDDY, N. and YANG, Y. (2015). Coconut Husk Fibers, Natural Cellulose Fibers from Renewable Resources. In Innovative Biofibers from Renewable Resources, 24, 31–34.RODRIGUES, C. et al. (2004). Detection of-lactamases in nosocomial gram negative clinical isolates. Indian J. Med. Microbiol, 22, 247–250.ROSENTHAL, V.D. et al. (2010). International nosocomial infection control consortium (INICC) report, data summary for 2003–2008, issued June 2009–2010. American Journal of Infection Control, 38(2), 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2009.12.004SHAABAN, H.A. et al. (2012). Bioactivity of essential oils and their volatile aroma components. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 24(2), 203–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2012.659528SHAKIBAIE, M.R. et al. (2014). Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and ESBL production among uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from UTI children in pediatric unit of a hospital in Kerman, Iran. British Microbiology Research Journal, 4(3), 262– 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2014/6563STURENBURG, E. and Mack, D.J. (2003). Extended-spectrum β-lactamases: implications for the clinical microbiology laboratory, therapy, and infection control. Journal of Infection, 47(4), 273–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-4453(03)00096-3ZORC, J.J. et al. (2005). Diagnosis and management of pediatric urinary tract infections. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 18(2), 417–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.18.2.417-422.200
High taurine concentrations negatively effect stallion spermatozoa parameters in vitro
Full text linkArticle Details: Received: 2020-09-29 | Accepted: 2020-11-27 | Available online: 2021-01-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.mi-prap.15-19Over the past decades natural substances are widely used in the maintaining of spermatozoa viability. The target of present study was to evaluate the effect of various taurine concentrations on stallion spermatozoa during 37°C cultivation. Fresh semen was collected from 10 breeding stallions. The experimental groups were supplemented with six different concentration of taurine (in mg/ml): A – 2.5, B – 5, C – 7.5, D – 10, E – 15, F – 20 and compared to control (CON – 0). Spermatozoa motility was assessed using the Computer Assisted Semen Analyzer (CASA) system in 6 time periods (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours). The MTT test was used for detection of viability. For measuring antioxidant activity FRAP and TOS methods were used. Significantly negative effect was observed in the samples with the highest concentration of taurine (20 mg/ml). Spermatozoa viability was not significantly affected in analysed concentrations of taurine. Significant higher antioxidant activity was detected in the sample with the highest taurine concentration. Data clearly showed negative effects of high taurine concentrations on stallion spermatozoa.Keywords: taurine, CASA, antioxidant activity, spermatozoa, stallion References Benzie, I. F. and Strain, J. J. (1996). The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: The FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry, 239(1), 70-76. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1996.0292Bucak, M. N. et al. (2007). The influence of trehalose, taurine, cysteamine and hyaluronan on ram semen: Microscopic and oxidative stress parameters after freeze–thawing process. Theriogenology, 67(5), 1060-1067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.12.004Erel, O. (2005). A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clinical Biochemistry, 38(12), 1103-1111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2005.08.008Halo, M. and Tirpák, F. (2018) Stallion fertility - the basis of successful reproduction. Svet koní. 18.Halo Jr., M. et al. (2019) Time and dose-dependent effects of Viscum album quercus on rabbit spermatozoa motility and viability in vitro. Physiological Research, 68(6), 955-972. https://doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.934223 Ijaz, A. and Ducharme, R. (1995). Effect of various extenders and taurine on survival of stallion sperm cooled to 5 C. Theriogenology, 44(7), 1039-1050. https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691x(95)00290-o Jambor, T. et al. (2017) In vitro effect of 4-nonylphenol on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulated hormone secretion, cell viability and reactive oxygen species generation in mice Leydig cells. Environmental Pollution, 222, 219–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.053 O'flaherty, L. et al. (1997) Intestinal taurine transport: a review. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 27(11), 873-880. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.1997.2000747.xReddy, N. S. S. et al. (2010). Effects of adding taurine and trehalose to a tris-based egg yolk extender on buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) sperm quality following cryopreservation. Animal Reproduction Science, 119(3-4), 183-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.01.012 Slanina, T. et al. (2018) Effect of taurine on turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) spermatozoa viability and motility. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 63(4),127-135. https://doi.org/10.17221/79/2017-CJASStephens, T. D. et al. (2013) Effects of pentoxifylline, caffeine, and taurine on post-thaw motility and longevity of equine frozen semen. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 33(8), 615-621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2012.10.004Tirpák, F. et al. (2017) Low taurine concentrations possitively affect rabbit spermatozoa properties in later time intervals. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 7, 128-131. https://doi.org/10.15414/jmbfs.2017.7.2.128-13
Lifetime performance and longevity traits in Slovak Spotted dairy cows in dependence on feeding system
Full text linkArticle Details: Received: 2020-10-23 | Accepted: 2020-11-27 | Available online: 2021-01-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.mi-prap.114-117The objective of this study was to analyse eight milk yield and longevity traits in dependence on feeding (grazing) system. Data of purebred Slovak Spotted dairy cows (35,812 heads) culled in the period between 2006 and 2019 were evaluated. Only herds those feeding (grazing) system was known were taken into account. Dairy cows were assigned to four groups: (1) heifers not grazed, cows not grazed (17,628 heads), (2) heifers grazed, cows not grazed (13,056 heads), (3) heifers not grazed, cows grazed (156 heads) and (4) heifers grazed, cows grazed (4,972 heads). The highest average 305-day milk yield (6,139.22 kg) and lifetime milk yield (18,606.78 kg) were found in animals of group (1). Contrariwise, longevity traits were found more favourable in animals of group (4). Their productive life was by 102.78 days longer and average parity was by 0.14 higher in comparison to group (1). The differences between groups were found significant.Keywords: milk yield, longevity, grazing, heifers, cows, Slovak Spotted cattleReferencesBujko, J. et al. (2020). Changes in production and reproduction traits in population of the Slovak spotted cattle. Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, 23(3), 161–166, https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.03.161-166.Čanji, V. et al. (2008). Effect of conformation traits on longevity of cows of Slovak simmental breed. Slovak Journal of Animal Science, 41(2), 83–90.Fuerst–Waltl, B. et al. (2019). Mountain pasturing of rearing stock reduces the culling rist as dairy cows. Animal, 13(1), 209–212, doi: 10.1017/S1751731118001465.Krogmeier, D. et al. (2015). The effect of alpine pasturing of heifers on the longevity and on different yield traits of cows in Simmental and Brown Swiss cattle. Züchtungskunde, 87(2), 107–119.Petrović, M. et al. (2009). The effect of systematic factors on milk yield in Simmental cows over complete lactations. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 25(1-2), 61–71, DOI: 10.2298/BAH0902061P.Ludovic-Toma, C. et al. (2017). Comparative study on production, reproduction and functional traits between Fleckvieh and Braunvieh cattle. Asian – Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 30(5), 666-671, doi: 10.5713/ajas.16.0588.SAS Institute Inc.: SAS/STAT ® 9.2User’s Guide, Second Edition, Cary, NC USA, 2009.Strapák, P. et al. (2008). Effect of selected factors on the lenght of productive life of cows. Slovak Journal of Animal Science, 41(2), 77–82.Strapák, P. et al. (2010). Relation of the length of productive life and the body conformation traits in Slovak Simmental breed. Archives Animal Breeding, 53, 393–402. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-53-393-201
Influence of indirect factors and its effect analysis on performance level of Slovak warmblood horse breed
Full text linkArticle Details: Received: 2020-10-21 | Accepted: 2020-11-27 | Available online: 2021-01-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.mi-prap.105-108During their career, horses are affected by a large number of direct and indirect factors. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of indirect factors, such as year of start, sex, breed, number of starts, age and proportion of genes of Slovak Warmblood horse breed. For determination of indirect factors on performance level, results from test efficiency and final placement in showjumping category 4, 5 and 6 years old young horses were used. 540 horses of Slovak Warmblood breed were analysed between 2015 - 2019 and 1155 data samples were collected. Based on the results of the linear model, parameters – the effect of gender and the influence of the gene proportion of Slovak Warmblood horse had statistically significant influence (p<0.05). High significant effect (p<0.001) on performance of Slovak Warmblood horse was observed in parameters – year of start, age during start and breed.Keywords: horse, indirect factors, performance References CASTEJON-RIBER, C. et al. (2017). Objectives, Principles and Methods of Strength Training for Horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 56, 93-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2017.04.011De MARÉ, L. et al. (2017). Standardized exercise tests in horses: current situation and future perspectives. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift, 86(2): 63-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/vdt.v86i2.16290GOŠČÍK, Z. (1993). Fyziologický základ tréningu koňa atléta. Nitra: Mgr. Marta Ölvecká. ISBN 80-900413-6-1, 70p.GOŠČÍK, Z. (2000). Racionálny tréning športových koní a jeho vplyv na ich dlhodobé využitie. [online]: http://www.horses.sk/'konfer/kratr. htm HENNESSY, K. et al. (2008). Vendor and purchaser expectations: differential market segment requirements for sport horses. In proceeding from 4th International Conference of International Society for Equitation Science. Dublin (p. 53).KEARSLEY, C. G. S. et al. (2008). Use of competition data for genetic evaluations of eventing horses in Britain: analysis of the dressage, showjumping and cross country phases of eventing competition. Livestock Science, 118(1), 72-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2008.01.009KOENEN, E. (2002). Genetic evaluations for competition traits of warmblood sport horses. In WBFSH seminar, Budapest.KOENEN, E. P. C., ALDRIDGE, L. I. & PHILIPSSON, J. (2004). An overview of breeding objectives for warmblood sport horses. Livestock Production Science, 88(1), 77-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2003.10.011KRATTENMACHER, N. et al. (2014). The role of maternal lineages in horse breeding: Effects on conformation and performance traits. In proceeding from 10th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production, Vancouver, Canada (p. 17-22).LUEHRS-BEHNKE, H. et al. (2002). Genetic associations among traits of the new integrated breeding evaluation method used for selection of German warmblood horses. Veterinarija ir zootechnika, 18(40), 90-93.RICARD, A.; BRUNS, E.; CUNNINGHAM, E. P. (2000). Genetics of performance traits. The genetics of the horse, (p. 411-538). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9780851994291.0000RICARD, A. & BLOUIN, C. (2011). Genetic analysis of the longevity of French sport horses in jumping competition. Journal of Animal Science, 89(10), 2988-2994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2011-3931STEWART, I. D., WOOLLIAMS, J. A. & BROTHERSTONE, S. (2010). Genetic evaluation of horses for performance in dressage competitions in Great Britain. Livestock Science, 128(1), 36-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2009.10.011STEWART, M. et al. (2011). Assessment of positive emotions in horses: Implications for welfare and performance. Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research, 6(5), 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2011.05.014SCHUBERTOVÁ, Z., PAVLÍK, I. & CANDRÁK, J. (2014). The influence of the genomic data on the showjumping horses performance evaluation. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 15(2), 33-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/15.2.1447SCHRÖDER, W. et al. (2012). A genome‐wide association study for quantitative trait loci of show‐jumping in Hanoverian warmblood horses. Animal genetics, 43(4), 392-400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02265.xVan VELDHUIZEN, A. E. (1997). Breeding value estimation for riding horses in the Netherlands. In 48th Ann. Meet. EAAP, Vienna, Austri
An approach for quantifying western blots: the case of signal intensity and the statistical analysis
Full text linkArticle Details: Received: 2020-04-07 | Accepted: 2021-01-25 | Available online: 2021-06-30https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.02.141-146In biological sciences, western blotting technique is widely used to quantify the expression of proteins in a given sample. However, there is no unified method for quantifying the expression of proteins. As a consequence, quantitative analysis of expression of protein through western blotting often suffers from data inconsistency. At the same time, extraction of the poor sample size (n=3/5/7) turns such analysis non-Gaussian and less robust to statistical errors. In present study, we attempt a noble approach while analyzing an image from western blotting using Gaussian blur as filter and thereby generating data in order to perform meaningful statistical analysis. The differences among various blots that correspond to the expressed target proteins are tested viably using appropriate statistical tools. This procedure of quantifying western blotting is comprehensive, simple and can be applied to collect data in compliance with statistical norms. Furthermore, repeating western blotting on a set of particular proteins may improve the analysis part as well.Keywords: blotting, statistical analysis, non-parametric, densitometryReferencesAldridge, G.M. et al. (2008). The use of total protein stains as loading controls: An alternative to high-abundance singleprotein controls in semiquantitative immunoblotting. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 172(2), 250–254.Butler, T.A.J. et al. (2019). Misleading westerns: common quantification mistakes in western blot densitometry and proposed corrective measures. BioMedical Research, ID 5214821. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5214821Eaton, S.L. et al. (2013). Total Protein Analysis as a Reliable Loading Control for Quantitative Fluorescent Western Blotting. PLoS ONE, 8(8), e72457. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072457Ghosh, R., Gilda, J.E. & Gomes, A.V. (2014). The necessity of and strategies for improving confidence in the accuracy of western blots. Expert Review of Proteomics, 11, 549–560.Graham, B. (2016). Quantifying western blots: none more black. BMC Biology, 14, 116. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-016-0339-1Kreutz, C. et al. (2007). An error model for protein quantification. Bioinformatics, 23 (20), 2747–2753, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btm397Maleki, F. et al. (2019). Size matters: how sample size affects the reproducibility and specificity of gene set analysis. Hum Genomics, 13, 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40246-019-0226-2Taylor, S.C. et al. (2013). A defined methodology for reliable quantification of Western blot data. Molecular Biotechnology, 55(3), 217–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-013-9672-6Towbin, H., Staehelin, T. & Gordon, J. (1979). Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 76(9), 4350–4354.Welinder, C. & Ekblad, L. (2011). Coomassie staining as loading control in Western blot analysis. Journal of Proteome Research, 10(3), 1416–141
Epiphyllous bryophytes in Arboretum Stradch (Ukraine)
Full text linkArticle Details: Received: 2020-12-21 | Accepted: 2021-03-26 | Available online: 2021-12-31 https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.04.265-271 The aim of this work done in Arboretum Stradch was to investigate bryophytes growing on leaves of woody understory, which are poorly studied in Central Europe. It was identified two facultative epiphyllous bryophytes considered as generalists and common species of Ukraine bryoflora: Brachythecium salebrosum and Hypnum cupressiforme. The most abundant was H. cupressiforme. Total surface area of its mats was about 218 cm2, while the total surface area of B. salebrosum mats was about 10 cm2. Both identified species occurred mainly on young individuals of Abies alba, which grew near tree trunks abundantly covered by the same moss species. H. cupressiforme also occurred rarely on leaves of two deciduous angiosperm phorophytes Corylus avellana and Ulmus glabra. B. salebrosum occurred also on one individual of Rubus caesius and on one individual of Ulmus glabra. This study brings new information about the ecology of the two identified mosses – their ability to grow on silver fir spindles and also on leaves of some deciduous phorophytes.Keywords: epiphyllous mosses, epiphylls, generalists, epiphytes, phorophytes References:Berrie, G. K. and Eze, J. M. O. (1975). The Relationship between an Epiphyllous Liverwort and Host Leaves. Annals of Botany, 39(163), 955–963.Boiko, M. F. (2008). A Checklist of Bryobionta of Ukraine. Kherson: Ailant, 229 p. http://docplayer.net/158738021-Cheklist-mohopodibnih-ukrayini.htmlBurkhardt, J. and Hunsche, M. (2013). “Breath figures” on leaf surfaces – formation and effects of microscopic leaf wetness. Front Plant Sci., 4, 422.Danylkiv, I. et al. (2002). Bryophytes of Ukrainian Roztochia. Lviv: Institute of Ecology of Carpathians. Glime, J. M. (2020). Bryophyte Ecology. Michigan: The International Association of Bryologists. Ebook. Last updated 15 July 2020.Gradstein, S. R. (1997). The taxonomic diversity of epiphyllous bryophytes. Abstracta Botanica, 21(1), 15–9.Hill, M.O, Preston, C.D, Bosanquet, S.D.S. and Roy, D.B. (2007). BRYOATT – Attributes of British and Irish Mosses, Liverworts and Hornworts – Spreadsheet. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Huntingdon. Karpaty.info (2005). ROZTOCHIA Nature Reserve. Karpaty. info. Retrieved March 9, 2021 from https://www.karpaty.info/ en/uk/lv/jv/ivano.frankove/sights/roztochchya/Lepp, H. (2012). Epiphyllous Bryophytes. Australian National Botanic Gardens and Australian National Herbarium. Retrieved October 28, 2019 from https://www.anbg.gov.au/bryophyte/ecology-epiphyllous.htmlMišíková, K. et al. (2020). Checklist and red list of mosses (Bryophyta) of Slovakia. Biologia, 75, 21–37.Nowińska, R. et al. (2009). Species diversity of plants and fungi on logs of fallen trees of different species in oak‐hornbeam forests. Botanika–Steciana, 13, 109–124.Orbán, S. and Pénzes-Kónya, E. (2013). Professor Tamás Pócs. The record of his 80 years. Polish Botanical Journal, 58(1), 3–30.Pócs, T. (1989). A preliminary study of the undergrowth of primary and secondary submontane rainforests in the East Usambara Mountains, with notes on epiphytes. In: Hamilton, A.C. & Benstead-Smith, R. (eds.) Forest Conservation in the East Usambara Mountains. Tanzania: IUCN, Gland and Cambridge, pp 301–306.Pócs, T. (1996). Epiphyllous liverwort diversity at worldwide level and its threat and conservation. Anales. Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. Auton. Mexico, Ser. Bot., 67(1), 109–127.Porley, R. D. (1996). Foliicolous Metzgeria fruticulosa on Box leaves in the Chiltern Hills, England. Journal of Bryology, 19(1), 188–189.Pundiak, O. (2019). The Investigation of Epiphytic Bryophlora on The Undergrowth in Stradch Arboretum. Open. Acc. J. Envi. Soi. Sci., 2(4), 217–218. https://lupinepublishers.com/environmental-soil-science-journal/pdf/OAJESS.MS.ID.000142.pdfPundiak, O. (2020). Bryophlora of Old Tree Plantation – Former Managed Forest in Stradch Arboretum. Open. Acc. J. Envi. Soi. Sci., 5(3), 652–654. https://lupinepublishers.com/environmental-soil-science-journal/pdf/OAJESS.MS.ID.000213.pdfPundiak, O. and Michalko, J. (2020). Epiphyllous bryophytes in Arboretum Mlyňany (Slovakia). Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, 23(2), 51–57. http://www.acta.fapz.uniag.sk/ journal/index.php/on_line/article/view/540/pdfRisk, A. C. et al. (2011). Epiphyllous bryophytes in the Appalachian Plateau of Kentucky and Tennessee, U.S.A. The Bryologist, 114(2), 289–297. Smith, A. J. E. (ed.) (1982). Bryophyte Ecology. London, New York: Chapman and Hall. DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5891-3Tasjenkevič, L.O. (1998). Flora of the Carpathians: checklist of the native vascular plant species. National Acad. of Sciences of Ukraine, State Museum of Natural History UNFU. (2021). Arboretum. In Ukraine. Retrieved March 9, 2021 from http://botsad.nltu.edu.ua/index.php/garden/ joomla-pages/ob-iekty-botanichnoho-sadu/94-arboretumVitt, D. H. et al. (1973) Foliicolous bryophytes and lichens of Thuja plicata in western British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Botany, 51(3), 571–580.Wierzgoń, M. and Fojcik, B. (2014). Dead wood as a mainstay of bryophytes diversity in managed forest. Studia i Materiały CEPL w Rogowie, 41(2), 212–222.Zhou, L. et al. (2014). Differential Effects of Lichens versus Liverworts Epiphylls on Host Leaf Traits in the Tropical Montane Rainforest, Hainan Island, China. Scientific World Journal. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/68136
The analysis of serum mineral profile of cows before and after calving: A case study
Full text linkArticle Details: Received: 2020-10-14 | Accepted: 2020-11-27 | Available online: 2021-01-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.mi-prap.89-92High-yielding dairy cows have several critical periods during lactation. These include the drying period, parturition, postpartum period and the first 100 days of lactation. The mineral profile displays the balanced feed ration appropriate for the category. Therefore, investigation of serum mineral profile of dry cows and cows in 12th week after calving was the aim of this study. In this work 12 high producing Holstein Friesian dairy cows from dairy farm were used. The analysed elements Ca2+, P, Na+, K+, Mg2+ and chlorides (Cl-) were determined at 4th week after drying and during 12th week after calving. The data obtained were compared with the standard for dairy cows. Compared to reference interval, before calving 8 and after calving 5 cows had hypocalcaemia. Hypophosphatemia was detected for 2 cows before calving and 3 after calving. For the other elements Na, K, Mg2+ and chlorides (Cl-) no deviations from the reference intervals were found. In blood serum mineral profile between dry cows and cows in 12th week of lactation significant differences were found for Mg Cl- (increase) and K (decrease). Results shown, that main problem of dry and lactating cows was the hypocalcaemia and partly the hypophosphatemia.Keywords: metabolic test, mineral profile, blood serum, dairy cowReferencesAiello, S. E. (1998). The Merck veterinary manual (No. Ea9 DEPOSITO FV).Bertoni, G., Trevisi, E., & Lombardelli, R. (2009). Some new aspects of nutrition, health conditions and fertility of intensively reared dairy cows. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 8(4), 491-518. 10.4081/ijas.2009.491Blood, D.C., &Radostits, O.M. (1994). Veterinary Medicine: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses. 8th ed. W.B. Saunders Co.Burke, C. R., Meier, S., McDougall, S., Compton, C., Mitchell, M., & Roche, J. R. (2010). Relationships between endometritis and metabolic state during the transition period in pasture-grazed dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, 93(11), 5363-5373. 10.3168/jds.2010-3356 Donat, K., Siebert, W., Menzer, E., & Söllner-Donat, S. (2016). Long-term trends in the metabolic profile test results in German Holstein dairy herds in Thuringia, Germany. Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Großtiere/Nutztiere, 44(02), 73-82. 10.15653/TPG-150948Gross, J., van Dorland, H. A., Bruckmaier, R. M., & Schwarz, F. J. (2011). Performance and metabolic profile of dairy cows during a lactational and deliberately induced negative energy balance with subsequent realimentation. Journal of dairy science, 94(4), 1820-1830. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3707Hadžimusić, N., & Krnić, J. (2012). Values of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium concentrations in blood plasma of cows in dependence on the reproductive cycle and season. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istambul University, 38(1), 1-8.Hanušovský, O., Šimko, M., & Bíro, D. (2017) Kontinuálne sledovanie parametrov bachorového prostredia využitím prenosu dát nízkofrekvenčným signálom. Nitra: Slovenská poľnohospodárska univerzita v Nitre, ISBN 978-80-552-1746-8.Hofírek, B., Dvořák, R., Němeček, L., Doležel, R., & Pospíšil, Z. (2009). Nemoci skotu. 1. vyd., Brno: Noviko as, Česká buiatrická společnost, 1149 s.Jovanovic, J.M., Rajic, I., Pesterac, V., Crcev, D., & Cokrevski, S. (1997). Parametri krvi visoko steonih i tek oteljenih krava hranjenih obrocima razlicitog sastava. Veterinarski Glasnik 51, 231-244.Kahn, C. M. (2005). The Merck Veterinary Manual 9th ed. White house station, NJ, USA, Merck & CO. Kaneko, J.J. (2008). Carbohydrate Metabolism and Its Diseases. In: Kaneko, J.J., Harvey, J.W., Bruss, M.L., (Eds.), Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. 6th ed. New York, Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012396305-5/50004-XKantíková, M., & Balážik, T. (2003). Diagnostika metabolických porúch alebo prevencia. Slovenský chov, 8(7), 39-40.Kraft, W. (Ed.). (2005). Klinische labordiagnostik in der tiermedizin. Schattauer Verlag.LeBlanc, S. J., Leslie, K. E., & Duffield, T. F. (2005). Metabolic predictors of displaced abomasum in dairy cattle. Journal of dairy science, 88(1), 159-170. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72674-6Palmer, L. S., & Eckles, C. H. (1927). Effect of Phosphorus Deficient Rations on Blood Composition in Cattle. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 24(4), 307-309. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-24-3341Prodanović, R., Kirovski, D., Jakić-Dimić, D., Vujanac, I., & Kureljušić, B. (2010). Telesna kondicija i pokazatelji energetskog statusa krava u visokom graviditetu i ranoj fazi laktacije. Veterinarski glasnik, 64(1-2), 43-52. 10.2298/VETGL1002043PSchröder, B., & Breves, G. (2006). Mechanisms and regulation of calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract in pigs and ruminants: comparative aspects with special emphasis on hypocalcemia in dairy cows. Animal Health Research Reviews, 7(1-2), 31. 10.1017/S1466252307001144 Šamanc, H., Stojić, V., Kirovski, D., Jovanović, M., Cernescu, H., & Vujanac, I. (2010). Thyroid hormones concentrations during the mid-dry period: An early indicator of fatty liver in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. Journal of thyroid research, 2010. https://doi.org/10.4061/2010/897602Šimko, M., Bíro, D., Čerešňáková, Z., Juráček, M., & Gálik, B. (2009). The effect of wheat and maize meal on rumen fermentation and apparent nutrient digestibility in cattle. Slovak Journal of Animal Science, 42(Supplement), 99-103.Slanina, Ľ., & Sokol, J. (1991). Vademecum veterinárneho lekára. Bratislava, Príroda
The impact of somatic cell count on milk yield and composition
Full text linkArticle Details: Received: 2020-10-15 | Accepted: 2020-11-27 | Available online: 2021-01-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.mi-prap.49-52The aim of this work was to clarify impact of somatic cell count (SCC) on milk yield and its composition. The experiment was realized on one dairy farm with Tsigai breed. Totally 252 milk samples from 84 ewes (on their first and second lactation) were analysed. Milk samples within regular test recording day from the whole udder were collected during lactation in April, June and July. On the basis of SCC the samples were divided into the SCC groups: first <200 × 103 cells.ml-1; second ≥200 <400 × 103 cells.ml-1; third ≥400 <600 × 103 cells.ml-1; fourth ≥600 <1000 × 103 cells.ml-1; fifth ≥1000 × 103 cells.ml-1 to see the effect of SCC at the level of regular milk recording test day. The same SCC groups were used for distribution of the lactation means of somatic cell score (SCS) for evaluation of the effect of SCC at the level of whole lactation. Total milk yield per lactation was affected SCS per lactation (P=0.0089). In each month of sampling we observed decrease content of lactose at the level of test day (P<0.001) and at the level of lactation (P=0.001) with increase of SCC. The increase content of protein we detected with increase of SCC at the level of test days (P=0.0281) and decline per lactation (P=0.0452). In content of fat we did not find out change in relation with increase of SCC in regular milk recording test days and per lactation also. The analyses suggest that SCC negatively impact on milk yield and milk composition and SCC should be in high attention of dairy practice. Keywords: somatic cell count, milk yield, milk composition ReferencesAlbenzio, M., Caroprese, M., Santillo, A., Marino R., Taili, L. Sevi, A. 2004. Effect of somatic cell count and stage of lactation on the plasmin activity and cheese-making properties of ewe milk. Journal of Dairy Science, 87(3), 533-542. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73194-XArias, R., Oliete, B., Ramón, M., Arias, C., Gallego, R., Montoro, V., Gonzalo, C., Pérez-Guzmán, M. D. (2012). Long-term study of environmental effects on test- day somatic cell count and milk yield in Manchega sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 106(2-3), 92-97. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.03.019Baranovič, Š., Tančin, V., Tvarožková, K., Uhrinčat, M., Mačuhová, L., Palkovič, J. 2018. Impact of somatic cell count and lameness on the production and composition of ewe´s milk. Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 12(1), 116-121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5219/900Cuccuru, C., Meloni, M., Sala, E., Scaccabarozzi, L., Locatelli, C., Moroni, P., Bronzo, V. (2011). Effect of intramammary infections on somatic cell score and milk yield in Sarda sheep. 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Relationships between production quality of milk and udder health status of ewes during machine milking. Journal of Central European Agriculture , 14(1), 328-340. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/14.1.1203Oravcová, M., Mačuhová, L., Tančin, V. (2018). The relationship between somatic cells and milk traits, and their variation in dairy sheep breeds in Slovakia. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 27(2), 97-104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/90015/2018Oravcová, M., Tvarožková, K., Tančin, V., Uhričnať, M., Mačuhová, L. (2020). Milk yiled and somatic cells in dairy ewes with respect to their mutual relations. Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 14(1), 224-229. https://doi.org/10.5219/1309Paschino, P., Vacca, G. M., Dettori, M. L., Pazzola M. (2019). An approach for estimation of somatic cells' effect in Sarda sheep milk based on analysis of milk traits and coagulation properties. Small Ruminant Research, 171, 77-81. 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