Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica Online (Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra)
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Nutritional and phytogenic properties of pawpaw (Carica papaya) leaf meal on blood characteristics of growing rabbits
Get PDFArticle Details: Received: 2018-10-26 | Accepted: 2019-03-04 | Available online: 2019-06-30https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2019.22.02.46-51The study aimed to examine the effect of pawpaw (Carica papaya) leaf meal diets on blood characteristics of rabbits. A total of 48, male rabbits were randomly divided into four experimental groups of twelve animals each, with four rabbits constituting a replicate. Each group was assigned to one of the experimental diets containing pawpaw leaf meal (PLM) at 0% (control), 15%, 30% and 45% for 56 days in a completely randomized design (CRD). Blood samples for analysis were obtained from each replicate and data obtained were analyzed statistically. Results on chemical composition of the PLM revealed 87.67% DM, 17.30% CP, 12.86% CF, 8.88% ash, 0.81% EE 47.82% NFE and 2348.05 Kcal/kg ME. PLM at 15% inclusion increased (P 0.05) across the treatments. Total protein was however best (P <0.05) at 45% supplementation. The results indicated that PLM enhanced haemopoiesis and health status of the experimental rabbits and therefore should be incorporated into rabbit feeding to enhance blood formation and health status of the animals.Keywords: rabbits, pawpaw leaf, phytogenic compound, haematology and serum biochemistryReferencesA.O.A.C. (2000) Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC INTERNATIONAL (OMA). 6th ed., Washington: AOAC.ADUKU, A.O. and OLUKOSI, J.O. (1990) Rabbit management in the tropics: production, processing. utilization, marketing economics, practice, research and future prospects. Abuja FCT: GU Publication.ARAVIND. G. et al. (2013) Traditional and Medicinal Uses of Carica papaya. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 7–15.AYOOLA, P.B. and ADEYEYE, A. (2010) Phytochemical and Nutrient Evaluation of Carica papaya (Pawpaw) Leaves. IJRRAS, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 325–328.BENSON, K.G. and PAUL-MURPHY, J. (1999) Clinical pathology of the domestic rabbit. Acquisition and interpretation of samples. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 539–551.BOSHRA, V. and TAJUL, A.Y. (2013) Papaya – An Innovative Raw Material for Food and Pharmaceutical Processing Industry. Health and the Environment Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 68–75.BRADLEY, T.A. (2001) What every veterinarian needs to know about rabbits. Zoological Education Network, Lake Worth, pp. 42–45.BURKE, J. (1994) Clinical care and medicine of pet rabbit. In: Proceedings of the Michigan Veterinary Conference, pp. 49–77.CHÁVEZ-QUINTAL, P. et al. (2011) Antifungal Activity in Ethanolic Extracts of Carica papaya L. cv. Maradol Leaves and Seeds. Indian J Microbiol., vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 54–60.EDEH, H.O. (2013) Physiological response of broiler birds to oral supplementation with aloe vera and neem leave extracts: MSc. Thesis. Nsukka: University of Nigeria.GANZON-NARET, E. S. (2015) Effects of incorporated swamp cabbage (Ipomea aquatica) and papaya (Carica papaya) leaf meals at different dietary levels in order to replace fish meal protein in practical diets for sea bass (Lates calcarifer). ABAH Bioflux, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 93–102.GIDENNE, T. and JEHL, N. (1999) Zootechnical response of the growing rabbit face to a decrease in fiber supply, for diets rich in digestible fibre. In: J.M. Perez (Ed), 8ème J. Rech. Cunicoles Fr., ITAVI éditions, 9–10 Juin, Paris, pp. 109–113.GIDENNE, T. and LEBAS, F. (2002) Role of dietary fibre in rabbit nutrition and in digestive troubles prevention. In: 2nd Rabbit Congress of the Americas, Habana City, Cuba, June 19–22, 2002.JIWUBA, P.C. et al. (2016a) Haematological and serum biochemical indices of weaner rabbits fed varying levels of dried Gmelina arborea leaf meal. International Blood Research & Reviews, no. 6, pp. 1–8.JIWUBA, P.C. et al. (2016b) Haematological and Serum Biochemical Indices of Growing Rabbits Fed Diets Containing Varying Levels of Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal. British Biotechnology Journal, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 1–7.JIWUBA, P.C. (2018) Effect of pawpaw (Carica papaya) leaf meal on productive parameters of growing rabbits. Agricultural science and technology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp.102–106. doi: https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2018.02.022LEBAS, F. (2013) Feeding strategy for small and medium scale rabbit units. In: 3rd Conference of Asian Rabbit Production Association – Bali Indonesi, 27–29 August 2013, pp. 1–15.MAYER, J. (1955) Nutrition of rabbits. In: Tropical Agricultural Series C.T.A. London: Macmillan Education Ltd., pp. 39–50.NATH, R. and DUTTA, M. (2016) Phytochemical and Proximate Analysis of Papaya (Carica papaya) Leaves. Sch J Agric Vet Sci, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 85–87.Nguyen, T.T. et al. (2013) Anticancer activity of Carica papaya: a review. Mol Nutr Food Res., vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 153–164. doi: https://10.1002/mnfr.201200388NRC. (1977) Nutrient requirements of rabbits. National Research council. Washington: National Academy of Science.OGBUEWU, I.P. et al. (2014). Responses of pubertal rabbits to dietary supplementation of ginger rhizome powder. Nig J Anim Prod, vol. 41, pp. 53– 60.OGBUOKIRI, U.D.E. et al. (2014) Effect of pawpaw leaf (Carica papaya, Linn.) meal on some performance attributes of starter broiler chicks. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, no. 4, pp, 826–832.OTSUKI, N. et al. (2010) Aqueous extract of Carica papaya leaves exhibits anti-tumor activity and immunomodulatory effects. Ethnopharmacol, no. 127, pp. 760–767.PATIL, T. et al. (2014) Carica papaya Leaf Extracts – An Ethnomedicinal Boon. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 260–265.POND, W.G., CHURCH, D.C. and POND, K.R. (1995) Basic animal nutrition and feeding. 4th ed., New York: John Wiley and Sons, pp. 495–504.PUTWAIN, S. (2008) Clinical pathology updates: haematology and biochemistry of the rabbit. UK Vet Publications, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 75–77.Research Animal Resource (RAR). (2009). Reference values for laboratory animals: Normal Haemotological values. [Online]. Minneapolis: RAR, University of Minnesota. Retrieved 2019-02- 28 from http://www.ahe.umn.edu.rar.refvalues.htmlUNIGWE, C.R. et al. (2014) The Nutritive Profile of Sun-Dried Paw-Paw (Carica papaya) Leaf Meal and its Effect on the Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens. Int. J. Pure Appl. Sci. Technol., vol. 20, no. 2, pp.72–78
Development of botanical composition of grassland affected by the different exploitation intensity
No full textArticle Details: Received: 2019-04-08 | Accepted: 2019-06-03 | Available online: 2019-09-30https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2019.22.03.101-109The aim of the work was to analyze the influence of different intensity of grassland exploitation on the development of floristic composition. The experiment was carried out in 2017 and 2018 in the Žirany village (SW Slovakia) characterized by a mild climate with an average annual temperature of 9 °C. Before the experiment was established, the grassland was used for sheep grazing and dominated by Lollium perenne L. The monitoring period was 2017 and 2018. The experimental crops were mown 2× (variant 4), 3× (variant 3) and 4× (variant 2). We established also control variant (variant 1) which was not mowed and fertilized, as well. The floristic composition was evaluated before each cut. It follows from the results obtained at the beginning of the monitoring in 2017, grass species (Lollium perenne L., Poa trivalis L., Poa pratensis L.) predominantly prevailed and they maintained their dominant position during the whole vegetation period in 2017. Furthermore, other meadow herbs (Achillea millefolium L., Cerastium arvense L.) were found in higher proportion. Legumes were found in a lesser extent. In 2018, we reduced the proportion in the botanical groups of other meadow herbs and leguminous plants. Conversely, grasses increased their share compared to 2017. The cover has been reduced mainly in variant 3 (3× mowed) and variant 2 (2× mowed).Keywords: floristic composition, mowing management, grasses, legumes, other meadow herbs, permanent grasslandReferencesBOVAL, M. and DIXON, R. (2012) The importance of grasslands for animal production and other functions: A review on management and methodological progress in the tropics. In Animal, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 748–762. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731112000304BRITAŇÁK, N. et al. (2013) Production capacity of a mountain meadow in Slovakia. In Michalík, D. L., et. al. (eds.) Proceedings of the 22nd International Grassland Congress – Revitalising Grassland to Suitain our Communities, 2013 Sept 15–19, Sydney, pp. 1520–1521.ECONOMIC and social development program 2014–2020 Village Žirany [online]. Retrived 2019-01-09 from http://www.zirany.eu/documents/1427100129phsr-zirany2014.pdf (In Slovak).EZE, S., PALMER, S. M. and CHAPMAN, P. J. (2018) Soil organic carbon stock in grasslands: Effects of inorganic fertilizers, liming and grazing in different climate settings. In Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 223.GAISLER, J., PAVLŮ, V. and PAVLŮ, L. (2011) Effect of different extensive management treatments on the plant diversity of an upland meadow without forage utilisation. In Grassl. Sci. Eur., vol. 16, pp. 577–579.GIBSON D. J. (2009) Grasses and grassland ecology. New York: Oxford University Press. 305 p.JANČOVIČ, J. and VOZÁR, Ľ. (2014) Use of grasslands (In Slovak) In SKLÁDANKA, J. et. al. Fodder crops. Brno: MU. 368 p.(In Czech).KLAPP, E. (1971) Wiesen und Wieden. Berlin: Paul Parey. 520 p.KLIMEŠ, L., JONGEPIEROVÁ, I., and JONGEPIER, J.W. (2000) The effect of mowing on previously abandoned meadow: a ten year experiment. Praha: Příroda..KOHOUTEK, A. et al. (2009) Selected indicators of productive and extraproductional management of grasslands in the Czech Republic. In Grassl. Sci. Eur., vol. 14, pp. 11–24.KRAJČOVIČ, V. (2004) Integration of mountain farming landscape systems. In Use of permanent grassland in mountain and agriculturally disadvantaged areas (Publication on the occasion of Slovakia´s accession to the European Union). Banská Bystrica: VÚTPHP, pp. 56–133 (In Slovak).MICHAUD, A. et al. (2012) Identification of the environmental factors which drive the botanical and functional composition of permanent grasslands. In J. Agric. Sci., vol. 150, pp. 219–236.MORAVEC, J. et. al. (1994) Phytocoenology. Praha: Academia. 403 p. (In Czech).O‘MARA F. P. (2012) The role of grasslands in food security and climate change. In Annals of Botany, vol. 110, no. 6, pp. 1263–1270. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs209POLLÁK, Š., JANČOVÁ and LIESKOVSKÝ, M. (2013). Alternative energy utilization options grasslands: proceedings of research papers. Piešťany: Plant production research centre in Piešťany. 218 p. (In Slovak).REGAL, V. 1956. Microskopic method for evaluation of grass quality. Proceeding ČS AZV, Plant production, no. 6 (In Czech).SMITH, N. A. C., WILLEMS, J. H. and BOBBINK, R. (2008) Longterm after-effect of fertilisation on the restoration of calcareous grasslands. In Appl. Veg. Sci., vol. 11, pp. 279–286.ŠTÝBNAROVÁ, M. and DUFEK, A. (2016) Changes of botanical composition of permanent grassland four years after the cessation of different fertilization with compost and slurry. In Cattle Research, 2016, vol. 58, no. 211
Effect of biochar on soil CO2 production
Get PDFReceived: 2016-06-13 | Accepted: 2016-12-13 | Available online: 2017-12-31http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2017.20.04.72-77The study focuses on looking for answers to the following questions: 1. Is biochar application a suitable solution for reducing CO2 emissions? 2. What application rate significantly reduces CO2 production to the atmosphere? 3. Does have the application of enriched biochar a justification in relation to reducing CO2 production? The experiment was established on Haplic Luvisol at the experimental site of SUA in Nitra (Dolná Malanta), where we measured CO2 emissions from the soil to the atmosphere under the following treatments: different rates (0, 10, 20 t ha-1) of pure biochar (B0, B10 a B20) and enriched biochar (EB10, EB20) combined with different levels of mineral nitrogen at doses of 0, 40 and 80 kg ha-1 (N0, N40, N80). Overall, the average values of CO2 emissions were lower by 19.8 %, 13.3 %, 12.9 %, 9.4 % and 8.7 % in B10N0, B20N40, B20N0, B20N80 and B10N40 treatments as compared to B0N0 (control) during the studied period. On the other hand, the average values of CO2 were higher by 20% in B10N80 treatments as compared to control (B0N0). Application of enriched biochar whether individually (EB10N0, EB20N0) or with additional N (EB10N40, EB20N40, EB10N80, EB20N80) increased average CO2 by 29.7 %, 34.6 %, 36.0 %, 44.9 %, 45.8 % and 53.6 % as compared to control (B0N0). The cumulative CO2 emissions for the whole studied period (2014) were in the following order from the lowest one B10N0 < B20N0 < B20N40 < B20N80 < B10N40 < B0N0 (control) < B10N80 < EB20N40 < EB20N80 < EB10N80 < EB20N0 < EB10N0 < EB10N40.Keywords: biochar, enriched biochar, N-fertilization, CO2 emissionReferences ALVAREZ, R. et al. (1995) Soil respiration and carbon inputs from crops in a wheat-soybean rotation under different tillage systems. In Soil Use Mamagment, Vol. 11, pp. 45–50 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1995.tb00495.xBIELEK, P. 2001. Carbon sequestration by soil effets. In Humic substances in ecosystems 4. Bratislava : VÚPOP, 2001, pp. 11–14.Duiker, S.W. and Lal, R. (1999) Crop residue and tillage effects on carbon sequestration in a Luvisol in central Ohio. In Soil Tillage Res., vol. 52, pp. 73–81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(99)00059-8Dukes, J.S. and Hungate, B.A. (2002) Elevated carbon dioxide and litter decomposition in California annual grasslands: which mechanisms matter? In Ecosystems, vol. 5, pp. 171–183. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-001-0063-7Fischer, D. and Glaser, B. (2012) Synergisms between Compost and Biochar for Sustainable Soil Amelioration. In Kumar, S. (ed.) Management of Organic Waste. Earthscan, Rijeka, pp. 167–198.GREGORICH, E.G. et al. (1998) Carbon distribution and losses: erosion and deposition effects. In Soil and Tillage Research, vol. 47, pp. 291–302. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(98)00117-2HAN, F. et al. (2016) Effect of biochar on the soil nutrients about different grasslands in the Loess Plateau. In Catena, vol. 137, pp. 554–562. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2015.11.002Heitkötter, J. and Marschner, B. (2015) Interactive effects of biochar ageing in soils related to feedstock, pyrolysis temperature, and historic charcoal production. In Geoderma, vol. 245–246, pp. 56–64. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.01.012IPCC, (2014): Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151 pp.Jacinthe, P.A. et al. (2002) Carbon budget and seasonal carbon dioxide emission from a central Ohio Luvisol as influenced by wheat residue amendment. In Soil Tillage Res., vol. 67, pp. 147–157. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(02)00058-2Jeffery, S. et al. (2011) A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis. In Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., vol. 144, pp. 175–187. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.015Jien, S.H. and Wang, Ch.S. (2013) Effects of biochar on soil properties and erosion potential in a highly weathered soil. In Catena, vol. 110, pp. 225–233. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.06.021JUMA, N.G. (1994) A conceptual framework to link carbon and nitrogen cycling to soil structure formation. In Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., vol 51, pp. 257–267.JUMA, N.G. (1999) Pedosphere and its dynamics. 1 vyd. Edmonton (Canada) : Salman Productions Ins., 1999. 335 s. ISBN 1-896263-10-0.Kammann, C. et al. (2011) Influence of biochar on drought tolerance of Chenopodium quinoa: Willd and on soil–plant relations. In Plant Soil, vol. 345, pp. 195–210. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.06.021Lal, R. (2008) Carbon sequestration. In Philos. Trans. R. Soc., vol. 363, pp. 815–830. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2185Laird, D.A. et al. (2010) Impact of biochar amendments on the quality of a typical Midwestern agricultural soil. In Geoderma, vol. 158, pp. 443–449. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.05.012Lopez-Capel, E. et al. (2016) Biochar properties, In: Shackley, S. et al. (eds.): Biochar in European soils and agriculture, Routledge, London, New Your, pp. 41–72.MONREAL, C.M. et al. (1995) Soil organic structures in macro and microaggregates of a cultivated brown chernozem. In Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 27, pp. 845–853. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(94)00220-UPASCUAL, J.A. et al. (1998) Carbon Mineralization in an Arid Soil Amended with Organic Wastes of Varying Degerees of Stability. In Commun. Soil. Sci. Plant Anal., vol. 29, pp. 835–846. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103629809369989POPELÁROVÁ, E. et al. (2002) Mineralization activity in soils for the development of the precision farming system. In Arch. Acker Pfl. Boden, vol. 48, pp. 147–153.REICOSKY, D.C. and LINDSTROM, M.J. (1995) Impact of fall tillage on short-term carbon dioxide flux. In Soil and global change, pp. 177–187.ŠIMANSKÝ, V. (2016) Effects of biochar and biochar with nitrogen on soil organic matter and soil structure in Haplic Luvisol. In Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, vol. 19, pp. 129–138. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2016.19.04.129-138ŠIMANSKÝ, V. et al. (2017) Carbon sequestration in water-stable aggregates under biochar and biochar with nitrogen fertilization. In Bulgrian Journal of Agricultural Research, vol. 23 (2) – in printSINGH, B.P. and COWIE, A.L. (2014) Long-term influence of biochar on native organic carbon mineralisation in a low-carbon clayey soil. In Sci. Report., vol. 4, pp. 1–9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep03687YUAN, J.H. and XU, R.K. (2012) Effects of biochars generated from crop residues on chemical properties of acid soils from tropical and subtropical China. In Soil Res., vol. 50, pp. 570–578. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/SR12118
Nutritional value and fermentation characteristics of silage made from hybrid Rumex patientia L. x Rumex tianschanicus A.Los (Rumex OK 2) in different months during the year
No full textArticle Details: Received: 2018-07-31 | Accepted: 2018-10-18 | Available online: 2018-09-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.03.129-134The aim of this study was to determine the nutritive value and fermentation parameters of silage made from hybrid Rumex patientia L. x Rumex tianschanicus A.Los (Rumex OK 2). Silages were made in months September, October and November of the year 2017 and next in April and May of the year 2018. In each month two variants were analysed, one without additives and second with an addition of 1% of dried molasses to wilted Rumex OK 2 plants. After 5 weeks fermentation in hermetic sealed plastic bags at temperature 20°C the concentration of nutrients and parameters of fermentation were analysed in average samples. The content of dry matter in all silages were low and ranged from 7.1 to 18.8%. Content of crude protein was highest in autumn months, when was from 289 to 339 g.kg-1 DM, which is much more compared to alfalfa silages. Crude fiber was in spring months from 295 to 422 g.kg-1 DM and in autumn months from 126 to 166 g.kg-1 DM. Development of fiber components was similar to development of crude fiber content. The concentration of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber in Rumex OK 2 silages from autumn months meet the criteria for first class legume silage. Only silages from October and November had the content of lactic acid more than 10 g.kg-1 of original matter. Addition of dried molasses increased (P0.05) concentration of acetic acid in silages from September, October, April and May. All Rumex OK 2 silages did not contain butyric acid. Silage pH value appertain to its dry matter concentration was relative high, which make impossible the good overall assessment. However, according to concentration of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and proteolysis can be Rumex OK 2 silages from autumn months considered as a nutritional valuable feed. On the other hand Rumex OK 2 silage from September contains high concentration of oxalic acid, which can be potentially hazardous for animals.Keywords: Rumex OK 2, silage, dried molasses, nutrients, fiber complex, fermentation processReferencesBAZHAY-ZHEZHERUN, S. and RAKHMETOV, D. (2014) Nutritional value of shchavnat. Food Industry, no. 16, pp. 15–19 (in Ukrainian).BÍRO, D. et al. (2014) Conservation and adjustment of feeds. 1st ed. Nitra: SUA (in Slovak).BOCKHOLT, R. and KANNEWURF, B. (2001) Rumex obtusifolius in peatbog at Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (widening, forage quality, ensilability, force out by extensiveness). In: 45. Jahrestagung AGF, 23.–25. 8. 2001, Gumpenstein, pp. 49–51 (in German).DERRICK, R.W. et al. (1993) Intake, by sheep, and digestibility of chickweed, dandelion, dock, ribwort and spurrey, compared with perennial ryegrass. The Journal of Agricultural Science, vol. 120, no. 1, pp. 51–61. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/ S0021859600073585HATCHER, P.E. et al. (1997) The effect of nitrogen fertilisation and rust fungus infection, singly and combined, on the leaf chemical composition of Rumex obtusifolius. Functional Ecology, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 545–553. doi: https://doi. org/10.1046/j.1365-2435.1997.00123.xHEJDUK, S. and DOLEŽAL, P. (2004) Nutritive value of broadleaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius L.) and its effect on the quality of grass silages. Czech Journal of Animal Science, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 144–450.HEJDUK, S. and DOLEŽAL, P. (2008) Effect of broad-leaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius L.) on grass silage quality. Acta universitatis agriculturae et silviculturae mendelianea brunensis, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 75–80. doi: https://doi.org/10.11118/ actaun200856050075HRIC, P. et al. (2018) The changes of the assimilation pigments content of turf Festuca spp. leaves after application of different nutrition forms. Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, vol 21, no. 1, pp. 6–10. doi: https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.01.06-10JURÁČEK, M. et al. (2010) Silage energy value for bioenergy utilization. Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 76–78 (in Slovak).JURÁČEK, M. et al. (2011) Laboratory protocols. In GÁLIK et al. (2011) Biotechnology and animal food quality – Part II. Animal food quality. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, pp.122–133.JURÁČEK, M. et al. (2016) The quality of farm-scale alfalfa silages. Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 54–58. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2016.19.02.54-58KALAČ, P. and MÍKA, V. (1997) Natural harmful substances in plant feeds. Praha: ÚZPI (in Czech).KLIMEŠ, L. (1993) Morphometry of leaves of Rumex crispus, R. obtusifolius and its hybrid (R. × pratensis). Preslia, vol. 65, pp. 219–224.KOVÁR, P. et al. (2017) The influence of various dose of nitrogen on botanical composition of turfs on the basis of drought-tolerant fescues cultivated under conditions without irrigation. Journal of Central European Agriculture, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 494–514. doi: https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/18.2.1922MITRÍK, T. (2014) Evaluation system of fermentation parameters of legume and grass silages. In BÍRO, D. et al. (2014) Conservation and adjustment of feeds, 1st ed. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra (in Slovak).RAKHMETOV, D. (2018) Non-traditional plant species for bioenergetics. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. doi: https://doi.org/10.15414/2018.fe-9788055218557 (in Russian).REGULATION of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Slovak republic no. 2145/2004-100 about sampling of feeds, laboratory testing and evaluation of feeds (in Slovak).SCEHOVIC, J. (2002) Main results of scientific projects researching the feed quality of permanent grasslands and meadows. Ekológia trávneho porastu VI. Banská Bystrica: VÚTPHP, pp. 326–335.ŠKULTÉTY, M. (2014) Quality evaluation of silages. In BÍRO, D. et al. (2014) Conservation and adjustment of feeds, 1st ed. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra (in Slovak).TŮMOVÁ, E. et al. (2010) Natural anti-nutritional and toxic substances in feeds for animals. In OPLETAL, L. and SKŘIVANOVÁ, E. eds. (2010) Natural substances and its biological activity. Praha: Charles University, pp. 417–465.USŤAK, S. (2007) Cultivation and use of fodder sorrel in condition of Czech Republic. Prague: Crop Research Institute (in Czech).WEISSBACH, F. (1998) Research of different herbs from extensive meadows of influence of fermentation process by the silage preparation. FAL agricultural research, Special issue, p. 185 (in German)
Reliability of breeding values for single and multi trait models of dam pig breed by direct inversion and approximation methods
No full textReceived: 2016-11-09 | Accepted: 2016-12-03 | Available online: 2017-12-31http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2017.20.04.90-94The objective of this study was to predict breeding values for single- and multi-trait animal models and compute their reliabilities using a direct inversion method (DIM), and single‑ (ST-APM) and multi-trait approximate methods (MT-APM). Variance and covariance components of lean meat (LM) content, average daily gain (ADG) from birth until the end of the field test, and number of piglets born alive at first (NBA1) and second and subsequent parities (NBA2), were estimated for the analyses of Czech Large White pigs (390,734 records), using single- and four-trait animal models. The average reliabilities estimated by DIM for all considered animals were 0.514 ±0.069, 0.406 ±0.070, 0.050 ±0.044, and 0.321 ±0.090 for LM, ADG, NBA1, and NBA2, respectively. Values of 0.576 ±0.087, 0.150 ±0.078, 0.228 ±0.078, and 0.323 ±0.099, were obtained for the ST-APM for LM, ADG, NBA1, and NBA2, respectively. The use of MT-APM slightly increases the reliability of breeding values by 4 %, 6 %, 14 %, and 8 % for LM, ADG, NBA1, and NBA2, respectively. In addition, the dependence of the reliability values on the number of offspring of breeding boars is obtained; the reliability increases from 0.215 for less than 5 offspring to 0.989 for more than 400 offspring for the LM trait. Calculated Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients between the employed methods were, in general, high, positive, and highly statistically significant. The multi-trait approximation method can be used for the calculation of reliabilities of breeding values as an alternative for direct inversion method that has computational limitations Keywords: pig, breeding value, reliability, direct inversion, approximationReferencesBAUER J., PŘIBYL J. and VOSTRÝ L. (2015) Contribution of domestic and Interbull records to reliabilities of single-step genomic breeding values in dairy cattle. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 60, 6, pp. 263-267GROENEVELD, E., M. KOVAČ, and N. MIELENZ. (2008) VCE User’s Guide and Reference Manual, Version 6.0. Available from ftp://ftp.tzv.fal.de/pub/latest_vce/doc/ (accessed Aug 1, 2011).GROENEVELD E., KOVAC M. and WANG T. (1990) PEST, a general purpose BLUP package for multivariate prediction and estimation. In: Proc. 4th World Congr. Genet. Appl. Livest. Prod., Edinburgh, 13, pp. 488-491.KRUPA, E. and WOLF, J. (2013) Simultaneous estimation of genetic parameters for production and litter size traits in Czech Large White and Czech Landrace pigs. Czech J. Anim. Sci., vol. 58, pp. 429–436.KRUPA, E., E. ŽÁKOVÁ, and Z. KRUPOVÁ. (2015) Evaluation of inbreeding and genetic variability of five pig breeds in Czech Republic. Asian–Australas. J. Anim. Sci. vol. 28, pp. 25–36.MISZTAL, I., T. J. LAWLOR, and T. H. SHORT. (1993) Implementation of single- and multiple-trait animal models for genetic evaluation of Holstein type traits. J. Dairy Sci., vol. 76, pp. 1421–1432.MISZTAL, I., and WIGGANS, G. R.. (1988) Approximation of prediction error variance in large-scale animal models. J. Dairy Sci., 71(Suppl. 2), pp. 27–32.MISZTAL, I. and PEREZ-ENCISO, P. (1993) Sparse Matrix Inversion for Restricted Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Variance Components by Expectation-Maximization. J. Dairy Sci., 76, 5, pp. 1479-1483MISZTAL I. et al. (2013) Methods to approximate reliabilities in single-step genomic evaluation. J. Dairy Sci., vol. 96, pp. 647–654.MRODE R. A. (2005) Linear Models for the Prediction of Animal Breeding Values. 2nd Edition. Wallingford: CABI.MRODE R. A. (2014) Linear Models for the Prediction of Animal Breeding Values. 3rd Edition. Wallingford: CABI.NEUMAIER A., and GROENEVELD, E.. (1998) Restricted maximum likelihood estimation of covariances in sparse linear models. Genet. Sel. Evol., vol. 30, pp. 3-26.SÁNCHEZ, J. P., MISZTAL, I. and J. K. BERTRAND. (2008) Evaluation of methods for computing approximate accuracies in maternal random regression models for growth trait in beef. J. Anim. Sci., vol. 86, pp. 1057–1066.STRABEL, T., MISZTAL, I. and J. K. BERTRAND. (2001) Approximation of reliabilities for multiple-trait models with maternal effects. J. Anim. Sci., vol. 79, pp. 833–839.TIER, B. and MEYER, K. (2004) Approximating prediction error covariances among additive genetic effects within animals in multiple-trait and random regression models. J. Anim. Breed. Genetics, vol. 121, no. 2, pp. 77-89.VanRADEn P.M. (2008) Efficient methods to compute genomic predictions. J. of Dairy Sci., vol. 91, pp. 4414–4423.VanRADEN, P. M., and WIGGANS, G. R. (1991) Derivation, calculation, and use of national animal model information. J. Dairy Sci., vol. 74, pp. 2737–2746.WIGGANS, G. R., MISZTAL, I. and van VLECK, L. D. (1988) Animal model evaluation of Ayrshire milk yield with all lactations, herd-sire interaction, and groups based on unknown parents. J. Dairy Sci., vol. 71, pp. 1319–1329
Reproduction performances, growth and slaughter traits analysis of rabbit of Nitra breed
Get PDFReceived: 2018-05-11 | Accepted: 2018-05-14 | Available online: 2018-11-26https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.04.162-165The aim of the research was to analyse the Rabbit of Nitra in terms of its reproduction and production performance. All rabbits used for research were raised within a home environment (4 breeding sources). The research was focused on reproduction parameters (the number of live born kits, the number of weaned kits), growth parameters – growth performance (1st day, 21st day, 42nd day to 119th day), slaughter parameters (dressing out percentage, the weight of individual parts of carcass body). Detected live weight in adult males weight was 5291.48 ±546.39 g. In adult females average live weight was 4623.10 ±458.41 g. The weight of live born pups of rabbits on day 1 was 57.84 ±1.08 g, weight on 21st day 310.09 ±7.21 g, weight on 42nd day from 1034.26 ±50.70 g up to 1128.13 ±30.78 g, 77th day from 2126.48 ±85.49 g up to 2243.70 ±47.07 g and 91th day from 2379.29 ±31.22 g up to 2653.53 ±37.86 g. An average dressing out percentage was 62.47±0.23%. Keywords: dressing performance, growth performance, meat production performance, rabbits ReferencesBianospino, E., Wechsler, F.S., Moura, A.S.A.M.T., Fernandes, S. (2004) Growth traits and dressing percentage of straightbred and crossbred rabbits. In: Proceeding 8th World Rabbit Congress. [Online] Available at: https://world-rabbit-science.com/WRSA-Proceedings/Congress-2004 Puebla/Papers/Meat%20Quality/Q-Bianospono-2.pdf [Accessed 1 September 2017].Bízková, Z., Tůmová, E. (2009) Evaluation of rabbit meat yield. Maso, 20 (5), 48-50.Blasco, A., Ouhayoun, J. (1996) Harmonization of criteria and terminology in rabbit meat research. Revised proposal. World rabbit science, 4 (2), 93-99. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.1996.278Bolet, G., Brun, J.M., Levechestrier, S., Lopez, M., Boucher, S.(2004) Evaluation of the reproductive performance of eight rabbit breeds on experimental farms. Animal Research, 53 (1), 59-65. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:2003043 Dalle Zotte, A. (2000) Main factors influencing the rabbit carcass and meat quality. In: Proceeding of 7th World Rabbit Congress. [Online] Available at: https://world-rabbit-science.com/WRSA-Proceedings/Congress-2000-Valencia/Papers/Growth&%20Meat/Q00-DalleZotte.pdf. [Accessed 1 September 2017].Dalle Zotte, A. (2002) Perception of rabbit meat quality and major factors influencing the rabbit carcass and meat quality. Livest. Prod. Sci., 75, 11-32. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-6226(01)00308-6 Dokoupilová, A., Mach, K., Majzlík, I., Zavadilová, L. (2006) Use of traditional breeds for breeding and hybridization of broiler rabbit. In: Current trends in broiler rabbit breeding. Nitra: Research institute for animal production Nitra, 31-38.Jenisová, E. (2013) Quality of broiler rabbit carcass from small stud. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture.Lukefahr, S.D., Hohenboken, W.D., Cheeke, P.R., Patton, N.M. (1983) Appraisal of nine genetic groups of rabbits for carcass and lean yield traits. Journal of Animal Science, 57, 899-907. In: Tůmová, E., Martinec, M., Chodová, D. Analysis of Czech rabbit genetic resources.Mach, K., Majzlík, I., Zavadilová, L. (2006) The fattening and slaughter value of the final hybrids ♂PS59x♀PS19 depending on slaughter weight. In: Current trends in broiler rabbit breeding. Nitra: Research institute for animal production Nitra, 21-30.Mach, K. (1992) Selected genetic and production aspects of rabbit meat production. Association professor thesis. Prague: Faculty of Agronomy, Czech University of Life Sciences.Skřivanová, V., Marounek, M., Tůmová, E., Skřivan, M., Laštovková, J. (2000) Performance, carcass yield and quality of meat in broiler rabbits: a comparison of six genotypes. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 45, 91-95.Šmehýl, P. (2010) The breeding of specialized broiler rabbit lines for intensive farming, Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture.Šmehýl, P. (2017) Growth traits of synthetic broiler rabbit lines. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture.Topczewska, J., Rogowska, A., Gacek, L. A. (2013) The effect of breed on reproductive performance in commodity rabbit production. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 14 (2), 828-835 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/14.2.1271 Tůmová, E., Martinec, M., Chodová, D. (2011) Analysis of Czech rabbit genetic resources Scientia agriculturae bohemica, 42, 2011 (3), 113–118 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292703080Tůmová, E., Hrstka, Z. (2013) Comparison of the quality of nutria meat and rabbit. Maso, 24 (5), 47-50.Tůmová, E., Martinec, M., Volek, Z., Härtlová, H., Chodová, D., Bízková, Z. (2013) A study of growth and some blood parameters in Czech rabbits. World Rabbit Sciente, 21 (4), 251-256. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2013.1320Vašíčková, K., Ondruška, Ľ., Baláži, A., Parkányi, V., Vašíček, D. (2016) Genetic characterization of Nitra rabbits and Zobor rabbit. Slovak Journal of Animal Science. 49 (3), 104-111.Volek, Z., Volková, L., Tůmová, E., Chodová, D. (2013) Vliv restrikce krmiva na úžitkovost, kvalitu masa a jatečného těla králíků plemene český albín. Maso, 24 (2), 55-57.Zawiślak, J., Świecicka, N., Surma, D., Bernacka, H. (2015) Analysis of factors affecting the final body weight in selected rabbit breeds. 16 (2), 28-37. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/16.2.158
Energy content of hybrid Rumex patienta L. x Rumex tianschanicus A. Los. (Rumex OK 2) samples from autumn months
No full textReceived: 2018-01-30 | Accepted: 2018-02-26 | Available online: 2018-03-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.01.20-23Aim of this experiment was to determine the gross energy concentration of fresh, wilted and ensiled hybrid of Rumex patientia L. x Rumex tianschanicus A. Los. (Rumex OK 2). Samples were collected in autumn months of the year 2017. The plant of Rumex OK 2 consist during autumn months only from rosette of leaves. The height of leaves was in autumn months following, September 56.68±13.80 cm; October 59.29±11.93 cm and November 55.98±10.80 cm. Rumex OK 2 silage was made from wilted matter, with or without of addition of dried molasses. Gross energy was determined as the heat released after combustion of a sample (Leco AC 500) in MJ per kilogram of dry matter of the sample. By the autumn months the concentration of dry matter, as well as the concentration of gross energy increased, except Rumex OK 2 silage from November. The highest concentration of gross energy had wilted Rumex OK 2 from November (18.02 MJ.kg-1 of dry matter). There was no significant effect of addition of dried molasses to wilted Rumex OK 2 before ensiling on gross energy concentration in Rumex OK 2 silages (P>0.05). Gross energy concentration of all types of analysed samples had relative high value (16.98 to 18.02 MJ.kg-1 of dry matter). Fresh or ensiled Rumex OK 2 can be used as a part of feed ratio for ruminants or can be utilised in biogas station. However, due to the low content of dry mater in fresh or wilted material the production of silage can be in autumn months problematic.Keywords: Rumex OK 2, silage, gross energy, dry matterReferences BAZHAY-ZHEZHERUN, S. and RAKHMETOV, D. (2014) Nutritional value of shchavnat. In Food Industry, no. 16, pp. 15-19. Available from: http://dspace.nuft.edu.ua/jspui/bitstream/123456789/24166/1/2.pdf (in Ukrainian).BÍRO, D. et al. (2007) Nutritive value and digestibility characteristics of different maize silage hybrids. In Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 17-19.DERRICK, R.W. et al. (1993) Intake, by sheep, and digestibility of chickweed, dandelion, dock, ribwort and spurrey, compared with perennial ryegrass. In The Journal of Agricultural Science, vol. 120, no. 1, pp. 51-61. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600073585GÁLIK, B. et al. (2016) Nutritional characteristics of feeds. Nitra: Slovak University of agriculture in Nitra (in Slovak).HEJDUK, S. and DOLEŽAL, P. (2004) Nutritive value of broad-leaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius L.) and its effect on the quality of grass silages. In Czech Journal of Animal Science, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 144-450. Available from: http://www.agriculturejournals.cz/publicFiles/53197.pdfHEJDUK, S. and DOLEŽAL, P. (2008) Effect of broad-leaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius L.) on grass silage quality. In Acta universitatis agriculturae et silviculturae mendelianea brunensis, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 75-80. Doi: https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun200856050075HOLM, G.L. et al. (1977) The world’s worst weeds; distribution and biology. Hawaii: University Press of Hawaii Honolulu.HRIC, P. et al. (2013) The influence of mycorrhizal preparations on the growth and production process of turf under non-irrigated conditions. In Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1-4. Available from: http://www.acta.fapz.uniag.sk/journal/index.php/on_line/article/view/58/47HUMPHREYS, J. et al. (1999) Soil potassium supply and Rumex obtusifolius and Rumex crispus abundance in silage and grazed grassland swards. In Weed Research, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 1-13. Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3180.1999.00123.xJURÁČEK, M. et al. (2010) Silage energy value for bioenergy utilization. In Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 76-78. Available from: http://www.slpk.sk/acta/docs/2010/afz03-10.pdfKOVÁČIKOVÁ, E. (1997) Food Tables – Fruit and Vegetables. Bratislava: Food Research Institute (in Slovak).MAGA, J. et al. (2008) Complex model of biomass utilisation for energy purpose. Nitra: Slovak University of agriculture in Nitra (in Slovak).MARTINKOVA, Z. et al. (2009) Weather and survival of broadleaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius L.) in an unmanaged grassland. In Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, vol. 116, no. 5, pp. 214-2017. Available from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/43229065PAJTÁŠ, M. et al. (2009) Nutrition and feeding of animals – terminologically educational dictionary. Nitra: Slovak University of agriculture in Nitra (in Slovak).PEPICH, Š. (2006) Ekonomical incidence of biomass utilisation in energetics of agricultural enterprise. In Agrobioenergia, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 9-10 (in Slovak). Available from: http://abe.sk/casopis/2006/ABE%201-2006.pdfPETŘÍKOVÁ, V. (2009) Rumex OK 2 – fodder sorrel. [Online]. Retrieved 2018-01-25 from: https://biom.cz/cz/odborne-clanky/rumex-ok-2-krmny-stovik (in Czech).PETŘÍKOVÁ, V. (2011) Energy use of Rumex. [Online]. Retrieved 2018-01-25 from: http://oze.tzb-info.cz/biomasa/7779-energeticke-uplatneni-krmneho-stoviku (in Czech).PETŘÍKOVÁ, V. (2012) Forage plant – Rumex OK 2. [Online]. Retrieved 2018-01-25 from: https://biom.cz/cz/odborne-clanky/krmna-plodina-rumex-ok-2 (in Czech).PETRIKOVIČ, P. et al. (2000) Nutritional value of feeds, I. part. Nitra: Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra (in Slovak).RAKHMETOV, D.B. and RAKHMETOVA, S.O. (2006) Varietal diversification of shchavnat (Rumex patientia L. × R. tianschаnicus Losinsk) and directions of its use. In Plant Introduction, no. 1, рр. 11-16. Available from: http://www.nbg.kiev.ua/upload/introd/Intr-N1-06.pdf (in Ukrainian).RAKHMETOV, D.B. and RAKHMETOVA, S.O. (2011) Shchavnat: both fruit, and feed and biofuels. In Cereal, no. 3, pp. 8-10. Available from: http://www.zerno-ua.com/journals/2011/mart-2011-god/shchavnat-i-ovoshch-ikorm-i-fitotoplivo (in Russian).SKLÁDANKA, J. et al. (2014) Forage production. Brno: Mendel University in Brno (in Czech).USŤAK, S. (2007) Cultivation and use of fodder sorrel in condition of Czech Republic. Prague: Crop Research Institute. Available from: http://www.vurv.cz/files/Publications/ISBN978-80-87011-26-3.pdf (in Czech).WALLSTEN, J. (2003) In vivo and in vitro digestibility of lichens and silage for reindeer. Uppsala: Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics. Available from: https://www.slu.se/globalassets/ew/org/inst/huv/bilder-frangamla-webben/renskotsel/240_johanna_wallsten.pd
Evaluation of Turkish Maize Landraces Through Observing Their Yield and Agro-Morphological Traits for Genetic Improvement of New Maize Cultivars
Get PDFReceived: 2018-03-24 | Accepted: 2018-06-05 | Available online: 2018-06-30https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.02.31-43For protection of diverse genetic resources of local landraces and to get the benefit for next generation, research works should be continuing through screening of local landraces by using with local germplasm; which will be very useful to conserve the genetic variability and will provide to economic profits to the farmers by improving their uses. In the context, One hundred twenty-five maize landraces with two commercial maize hybrids (‘Kalumet’ and ‘Katone’) were evaluated for yield and agro-morphological performance for genetic improvement of future maize varieties. The landraces were collected from the Black Sea Region of Turkey and were evaluated under the augmented complete design under Diyarbakir agro-ecological conditions during 2015. After observation, it was observed that all genotypes showed a significant variations for all traits especially for yield and yield attributes. Considering the overall performance of all landraces, the days to tasseling and silking were varied from 39.5 to 64.5 and from 49.5 to 70.5 days; while the SPAD meter were varied from 37.8 to 70 unit, the plant height from 165 to 315.5 cm, the ear height from 55.8 to 190 cm, the stalk thickness from 11.3-26 mm, the ear length from 6.21 to 25.38, the ear diameter 14.13 to 48.92 mm, the rows ear-1 from 2.33 to16.3, seed srow-1, the ear weight from 10.2 to 285.26g, the rachis diameter from 11.58 to 39.51mmand the grain yield from 63.68 to 1498.13 kg ha-1. Where, the range of landraces for all traits were varied huge and exceeded commercial check genotypes. Therefore, it was determined that the genotypic distinction of the landraces may be used as pre-breeding material for developing the suitable maize varieties for sustainable maize production in diverse agro-ecological conditions of Mediterranean region including Turkey.Keywords: maize, landraces, yield, morphological traits, phenotyping, Zea mays L.ReferencesAHMADI, V. et al. (2014) Correlation and path coefficient analyses of forage yield in corn hybrids as second crop. In Int. J. Biosci., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 170–175. doi: https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/4.4.170-175AKHTER, M.M. et al. (2016) Chlorophyll meter – a decisionmaking tool for nitrogen application in wheat under light soils. In Int. J. Plant Prod., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 289–302.AVLOV, J. et al. (2012) Relationship between grain yield, yield components and morphological traits in maize (Zea mays L.). In Proceedings. 47th Croatian and 7th International Symposium on Agriculture. Opatija.AZAR, C. et al. (1997). 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Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.GOKMEN, S. (1995). Research on Yield and Yield Components of Hybrid and Composite Dent Corn Varieties in F1 and F2 Generations. In Turkish J. Agric. For., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 267–272.GOKMEN, S.et al. (2001) Response of popcorn (Zea mays everta) to nitrogen rates and plant densities. In Turkish J. Agric. For., vol. 25 no. 1, pp. 15–23.GOODMAN, M.M. and PATERNIANI, E. (1969) The races of maize: III. Choices of appropriate characters for racial classification. In Econom. Bot., vol. 23 no. 3, pp. 265–273.GOZUBENLI, H.ET AL. (2001) The effect of different nitrogen doses on grain yield and yield-related characters of some maize genotypes grown as second-crop. In J. Agric. Fac. CU., vol. 16,pp. 39–48.GOZUBENLI, H. et al. (2003) Effect of hybrid and plant density on grain yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays). In Ind. J. Agron., vol. 48, pp. 203–205.HOQUE, M. M. et al. (2008) Genetic divergence in maize (Zea mays L.). In Bangladesh J. Agril. 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Fatty acid composition of Baranjski kulen from two diverse production systems
Get PDFReceived: 2018-05-07 | Accepted: 2018-05-14 | Available online: 2018-11-26https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.04.152-154The aim of the present study was to compare the fatty acid composition of dry fermented sausage made from Crna slavonska pig and modern hybrids reared in diverse production systems. The study was performed on Baranjski kulen, a traditional PGI (Protected Geographical Indication) labelled sausage. Baranjski kulen produced from pigs included in the study differed in their fatty acid profile, with kulen made from Crna slavonska pigs having a higher content of MUFA, lower content of PUFA and a more favourable PUFA/SFA ratio. The results of the present study demonstrate that meat originating from breeds raised in specific production system affects the fatty acid composition as one of the major determinants of nutritional product quality. Keywords: autochthonous breed, fatty acids, nutritional quality, pigsReferencesAgostoni, C., Moreno, L., Shamir, R. (2015) Palmitic Acid and Health: Introduction. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 12, 141-142. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2015.1017435Djurkin Kušec, I., Buha, I., Margeta, V., Gvozdanović, K., Radišić, Ž, Komlenić, M., Kušec, G. (2017) Carcass Composition and Meat Quality of Crna slavonska Pigs from Two Different Housing Conditions. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 82 (3), 221-225.Karolyi, D., Salajpal, K., Kiš, G., Đikić, M., Jurić, I. (2007) Influence of finishing diet on fatty acid profile of longissimus muscle of Black Slavonian pigs. Poljoprivreda, 13 (1), 176-179.Kasprzyk A., Tyra M., Babicz M. (2015) Fatty acid profile of pork from a local and a commercial breed. Archives Animal Breeding, 58, 379–385. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-379-2015Komlenić, M., Margeta, V., Djurkin Kušec, I., Gvozdanović, K., Margeta, P., Kušec, G. (2018) Carcass composition and meat quality of pigs from different pork chains in the production of Baranjski kulen (PGI). Archivos de Zootecnia, 209-212.Medić, H., Djurkin Kušec, I., Pleadin, J., Kozačinski, L., Njari, B., Hengl, B., Kušec, G. (2018) The impact of frozen storage duration on physical, chemical and microbiological properties of pork, Meat Science, 140, 119-127. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.03.006Morse, N (2015). Are some health benefits of palmitoleic acid supplementation due to its effects on 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)? Lipid technology, 27 (12), 278-281. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lite.201500061Nevrkla, P., Kapelanski, W., Václavková, E., Hadaš, Z., Cebulska A., Horký, P. (2017) Meat quality and fatty acid profile of pork and backfat from an indigenous breed and a commercial hybrid of pigs. Annals of Animal Science, 17 (4), 1215-1227. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2017-0014Parunović, N., Radović, Č., Savić, R. (2017): Sensory properties and fatty acids profiles of fermented dry sausages made of pork meat from various breeds. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Sciences
Can soil properties of Fluvisols be influenced by river flow gradient?
Get PDFReceived: 2018-04-19 | Accepted: 2018-05-15 | Available online: 2018-06-30https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.02.63-76The occurrence of Fluvisols is associated with the rivers, which means that their properties can be greatly influenced by the fluvial activity of the rivers. Therefore, the aim of this work were to (1.) find out whether the flow gradient along the river influenced the soil properties of Fluvisols (2.) evaluate the soil properties of Fluvisols. Soil samples were taken from Nitra River Catchment between villages Výčapy-Opatovce and Jelšovce near Nitra city. There were excavated five soil pits and soils were classified according to the World Reference Base for Soil Resources as follows: Profile 1 as Eutric Fluvisol (Loamic, Humic) (soil use: restored forest), Profile 2 as Eutric Fluvisol (Loamic, Humic) (soil use: arable soil), Profile 3 as Eutric Fluvisol (Loamic, Humic) (soil use: fallow soil), Profile 4 as Eutric Gleyic Fluvisol (Loamic, Humic) (soil use as: forest), Profile 5 as Eutric Fluvisol (Loamic, Humic) (soil use: raid forest). The investigated Fluvisols had different chemical and physical properties, but not as a consequence of the flow gradient along the river. Differences in chemistry and physical properties of Fluvisols developed along the Nitra River have been significantly affected mainly by its use, soil management practices and depth of the soil profile.Keywords: physical and hydrophysical properties, soil structure, soil sorptive parameters, FluvisolsReferencesATSIVOR, L. et al. 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