Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica Online (Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra)
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Verification of lean meat percentage estimation formulae for pig carcass classification in Croatia
Get PDFSubmitted 2020-07-23 | Accepted 2020-08-16 | Available 2020-12-01https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.mi-fpap.265-268The study was performed on 136 pig carcasses representing the Croatian pig population with regards to the breed structure. The carcasses were dissected according to the EU reference method and lean meat percentage was estimated using the Hennessy Grading Probe (HGP7) device and the “Two points” (ZP) method. Comparison of lean meat percentage obtained by dissection and two prediction methods showed significant differences in estimating the lean meat percentage of pig carcasses (P <0.05). The distribution of carcasses according to SEUROP system showed a difference in the classification depending on the applied method, indicating a need for adjustment of current formulae for lean meat percentage estimation in Croatia.Keywords: pig, carcass, lean meat percentage, dissection, EU reference methodReferencesCauseur, D., Daumas, G., Dhorne, T., Engel, B., Fonti-Furnols, M., Hojsgaard, S. (2003). Statistical handbook for assessing pig classification methods: recommendations from the ‘EUPIGCLASS’ project group. EC working document.EEC Commission. (1994). Commission Regulation (EC) No 3127/94 of 20 December 1994 amending Regulation (EC) No 2967/85 laying Dowd detailed rules for the application of the Community scale for grading pig carcases. Official Journal of the European Communities, 43-44.EEC Commission. (2006). Commission Regulation (EC) No 1197/2006 of 7 August 2006 amending regulation (EEC) No 2967/85 laying down detailed rules for the application of the Community scale for grading pig carcasses. Official Journal of the European Union, 49, L 217, 8/8/2006, 6-7.EEC Commission. (2008). Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1249/2008 (2008, 12.16). of 10 December 2008 laying down detailed rules on the implementation of the community scales for the classification of beef, pig and sheep carcases and the reporting of prices thereof. Official Journal of the European Union, L337.EEC Commission. (2013). Regulation (EU) No. 1308/2013 (2013, 12.20). of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 establishing a common organisation of the markets in agricultural products and repealing Council Regulations (EEC) No 922/72, (EEC) No 234/79, (EC) No 1037/2001 and (EC) No 1234/2007. Official Journal of the European Union, L347.EEC Commission. (2017). Commission Implementng Regulaton (EU) 2017/1184 of 20 April 2017 laying down rules for the applicaton of Regulaton (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the Union scales for the classifcaton of beef, pig and sheep carcasses and as regards the reportng of market prices of certain categories of carcasses and live animals. Official Journal of the European Union. htps://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri= CELEX%3A32017R1184.Font-i-Furnols, M., Čandek-Potokar, M., Daumas, G., Gispert, M., Judas, M. & Seynaeve, M. (2016). Comparison of national ZP equations for lean meat percentage assessment in SEUROP pig classification. Meat science, 113, 1-8.Gangsei, L. E., Kongsro, J., Olsen, E. V., Røe, M., Alvseike, O. & Sæbø, S. (2016). Prediction precision for lean meat percentage in Norwegian pig carcasses using ‘Hennessy grading probe 7’: Evaluation of methods emphasized at exploiting additional information from computed tomography. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A — Animal Science, 66(1), 17-24.Kušec, G., Kralik, G., Djurkin, I., Margeta, V., Maltar, Z. & Petričević, A. (2006). Comparison of different methods for lean percentage evaluation in pig carcasses. Acta Agraria Kaposváriensis, 10(2), 57-62.Kušec, G., Đurkin, I., Petričević, A., Kralik, G., Maltar, Z., Margeta, V. & Hanžek, D. (2007). Equations for lean share estimation in swine carcasses in Croatia. Poljoprivreda, 13 (1), 70-73.Kušec, G., Đurkin, I., Petričević, A., Kralik, G., Maltar, Z. & Margeta, V. (2009). Carcass leanness of pigs in Croatia estimated by EU referent method. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 8(3), 249-251.Kušec, G., Đurkin, I., Lukić, B., Radišić, Ž., Petričević, A. & Maltar, Z. (2011). The Equation for Prediction of Lean Meat Percentage by Hennessy Grading Probe in Croatia. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 76 (4), 329-331.NN 71/2018 Pravilnik o razvrstavanju i označivanju goveđih, svinjskih i ovčjih trupova te označivanju mesa koje potječe od goveda starih manje od 12 mjeseci.Sack, E. (1983). Using instruments to grade pork sides. Fleischwirtschaft, 63(3), 372–379.Vester-Christensen, M., Erbou, S.G.H., Hansen, M.F., Olsen, E.V., Christensen, L.B., Hviid, M., Ersboll, B.K. & Larsen, R. (2009). Virtual dissection of pig carcasses. Meat Science, 81, 699–704Walstra, P. & Merkus, G. S. M. (1996). Procedure for assessment of the lean meat percentage as a consequence of the new EU reference dissection method in pig carcass classification: based on discussion in the EU Management Committee on Pig Meat and based on discussions with dissection experts during a meeting on May 18-19, 1994 at Zeist, NL (No. 96.014). ID-DLO.
Studies on rearing performances of mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori Linnaeus, 1758) in hooghly district of West Bengal (India): A newly explored area
Get PDFArticle Details: Received: 2020-02-23 | Accepted: 2020-04-08 | Available online: 2020-06-30https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.02.85-93This study is aimed at proposing mulberry sericulture as an alternative to strengthen the agricultural economy of Hooghly district of West Bengal, India. Exploration of four breeds of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori (Linnaeus, 1758), popular in West Bengal (viz., two multivoltine breeds – Nistari Plain and Nistari Marked, One Bivoltine breed – SK6 X SK7 hybrid and one F1 Hybrid from cross between Nistari Plain and SK6 X SK7 hybrid) have been conducted in the Sericulture Research Laboratory, Post Graduate department of Zoology, Hooghly Mohsin College, Chinsurah, Hooghly, West Bengal, India, for three consecutive years (2016-2019) for various rearing parameters (viz., larval duration, matured larval weight, cocoon weight, shell weight, shell ratio , effective rate of rearing , absolute silk content and yield) along with common meteorological data (viz., average temperature, average relative humidity, photoperiod). The study reveals Hooghly district to be very conducive for mulberry sericulture with the multivoltine breeds to be most suitable, although rearing of F1 hybrid and bivoltine breeds should also be promoted for their better economic value. Among the seasons, late Autumn (Oct.-Nov.) and early Spring (Feb.-Mar.) are found to be most suitable commercial rearing seasons for almost all the breeds, whereas the extended summer months including Spring, Summer and rainy season (Mar.-Aug.) are unfavourable, indicating deleterious effect of temperature and humidity on the rearing performance of these breeds, for which remedies such as sub-lethal heat shock can be explored.Keywords: Silkworm rearing, cocoon weight, absolute silk content, yield, effective rate of rearing, commercial rearing seasonReferencesCHANDAN, R., SANCHARI, R. M. and GHOSH, S. (2012). Sericulture as an Employment Generating Household Industry in West Bengal (A Study on its Current Problems & Prospects). Artha Beekshan : Journal of Bangiya Arthaniti Parishad., 21, 131–155.DEWANGAN, S. K. (2017). Role of women in sericulture, observation of two tribal block of Raigarh district – Chhattisgarh – India. International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 4(12), 524–531.HIRASAKA, T. and KOYAMA, N. (1970). Effects of photoperiodic conditions on the larval growth of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. II. Relationship between non-duly photoperiods and the larval growth. The Journal of Sericultural Science of Japan, 39(6), 437–442.HOQUE, A. and TAUFIQUE, M. (2018). Status and performance of sericulture in west Bengal. India: a geographical analysis. Asian profile, 46, 181–193.KUMAR, H. et al. (2013). Effect of Different Mulberry Varieties and Seasons on Growth and Economic Traits of Bivoltine Silkworm (Bombyx mori). Journal of Entomology, 10(3), 147–155.MAJUMDAR, M., SARKAR, K. and SINHA, S. (2017). A Critical Analysis on Major Problems Faced by Reelers and Weavers of Silk Industry at Field Level in Murshidabad District of West Bengal. International Journal of Social Science, 6(3), 199–210.RAHMATHULLA, V. K. (2012). Management of Climatic Factors for Successful Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) Crop and Higher Silk Production: A Review. Psyche, 2012, 12.RAJANNA, S. P. (1986). Effect Of Photoperiod On Silkworm, Bombyx Mori Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). M.SC Thesis. Bangalore: University of Agricultural Sciences.SISODIA, N. S. and GAHERWAL, S. (2017). Effects of temperature and relative humidity on commercial product of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) in Indore region of (M.P.) India. International Journal of Zoology Studies, 2(5), 52–55.TAUFIQUE, M. and HOQUE, A. (2019). Sericulture in Malda District of West Bengal: A Block level Analysi
Measurement of transfer of colostral passive immunity in dairy calves
Get PDFSubmitted 2020-07-03 | Accepted 2020-09-08 | Available 2020-12-01https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.mi-fpap.190-196The administration of high quality colostrum reduces preweaning morbidity, mortality and, therefore, economic losses related to replacement animals. It also stimulates and improves calf growth, increasing milk production and longevity of the future dairy cows. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of breed and parity of the dam on colostrum quality, and of breed and gender of the calf, and time from calf birth to the administration of the first colostrum meal on the transfer of passive immunity to the calf by the field test of the Failure of Passive Transfer (FPT) on calf serum. A further objective was to improve the diagnostic accuracy of the field FPT test through a second laboratory phase improving the turbidity evaluation. The amount of IgG fed to calves (IgG concentration multiplied by the volume of colostrum administered) was influenced by dam parity as significant differences (P 50 mg/ml) between 5 and 9 h of life was able to reduce the risk of FPT more effectively than the administration performed within the first 4 h of life. However, further studies on larger sample size is needed to confirm the present findings. The spectrophotometric measurements confirmed the results obtained by the field turbidity test at 14% sodium sulphite dilution. It would be interesting in future to expand the dataset and validate the spectrophometric method.Keywords: Failure of Passive Transfer, colostrum, immunoglobulin, breed, genderReferencesATKISON, D. J., VON KEYSERLINGK, M. A. G. and WEARY, D. M. (2017). Benchmarking passive transfer of immunity and growth in dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 100(5), 3773-3782. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11800BESSER, T. E. and GAY, C. C. (1994). The importance of colostrum to the health of the neonatal calf. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 10(1), 107-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0720(15)30591-0COLEMAN, L. W. et al. (2015). Colostral immunoglobulin G as a predictor for serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calves. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production, 75, 3-8.CONNELLY, M. et al. (2013). Factors associated with the concentration of immunoglobulin G in the colostrum of dairy cows. Animal, 7(11), 1824-1832. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731113001444DEWELL, R. D. et al. (2006). Association of neonatal serum immunoglobulin G1 concentration with health and performance in beef calves. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 228(6), 914–921. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.228.6.914DONOVAN, G. A. et al. (1998). Associations between passive immunity and morbidity and mortality in dairy heifers in Florida, USA. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 34(1), 31-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5877(97)00060-3GODDEN, S. (2008). Colostrum management for dairy calves. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 24(1), 19-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.10.005GULLIKSEN, S. M. et al. (2008). Risk factors associated with colostrum quality in Norwegian dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 91(2), 704-712. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0450HANG, B. P. T. et al. (2017). Colostrum quality, IgG absorption and daily weight gain of calves in small-scale dairy production systems in Southern Vietnam. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 49(6), 1143-1147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-017-1308-6HOPKINS, F. M., DEAN, D. F. and GREEN, W. (1984). Failure of passive transfer: comparison of field diagnosis methods. Modern Veterinary Practice, 65, 625-628.JASTER E. H. (2005). Evaluation of quality, quantity and timing of colostrum feeding on immunoglobulin G1 absorption in Jersey calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 88(1), 296-302. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72687-4MALTECCA, C. et al. (2007). Estimation of genetic parameters for perinatal sucking behavior of Italian Brown Swiss calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 90, 4814–4820. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0183MCGRATH, B. A., et al. (2016). Composition and properties of bovine colostrum: a review. Dairy Science & Technology, 96, 133-158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13594-015-0258-xMCGUIRK, S. M. (2005). Herd-based testing for young stock. Proceedings of 38th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners pp. 146-148.MIYAZAKI, T., OKADA, K. and MIYAZAKI, M. (2017). Short communication: Neonatal calves coagulate first-milking colostrum and produce a large curd for efficient absorption of immunoglobulins after first ingestion. Journal of Dairy Science, 100(9), 7262-7270. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-12808MOORE, M. et al. (2005). Effect of delayed colostrum collection on colostral IgG concentration in dairy cows. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 226(8), 1375–1377. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2005.226.1375MULLER, L. D. and ELLINGER, P. K. (1981). Colostral immunoglobulin concentrations among breeds of dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 64(8), 1727-1730. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(81)82754-3NONNECKE, B. J. et al. (2003). Composition and functional capacity of blood mononuclear leukocyte populations from neonatal calves on standard and intensified milk replacer diets. Journal of Dairy Science, 86, 3592-3604. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73965-4PARRISH, D. B. and FOUNTAINE, F. C. (1952). Contents of the alimentary tract of calves at birth. Journal of Dairy Science, 35, 839-845. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(52)93765-XQUIGLEY, J. D. and DREWRY, J. J. (1998). Nutrient and immunity transfer from cow to calf pre and postcalving. Journal of Dairy Science, 81, 2779-2790. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75836-9RABOISSON, D., TRILLAT, P. and CAHUZAC, C. (2016). Failure of passive immune transfer in calves: A meta-analysis on the consequences and assessment of the economic impact. PLoS ONE, 11, e0150452. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150452ROBISON, J. D., STOTT, G. and DENISE, S. (1988). Effects of passive immunity on growth and survival in the dairy heifer. Journal of Dairy Science, 71, 1283-1287. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(88)79684-8ROGERS, G. M. and CAPUCILLE, D. J. (2004). L’impiego del colostro per mantenere vivi e produttivi i vitelli da carne. Large Animals Review, 106, 19-25.SAVINI, E. (1946). Chimica ed analisi del latte e dei latticini. Edizione Hoepli, Milano.SEDLINSKA, M., KREJCI, J. and VYSKOCIL, M. (2005). Evaluation of field methods for determining immunoglobulins in sucking foals. Acta Veterinaria, 74, 51-58. https://doi.org/10.2754/avb200574010051TURINI, L. et al. (2020). The relationship between colostrum quality, passive transfer of immunity and birth and weaning weight in neonatal calves. Livestock Science, 238, 104033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104033TYLER, J .W. et al. (1996). Evaluation of 3 assays for failure of passive transfer in calves. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 10(5), 304-307. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.1996.tb02067.xWEAVER, D. M. et al. (2000). Passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulins in calves. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 14, 569-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2000.tb02278.xWOODING, F. B. P. (1992). Current topic: the synepitheliochorial placenta of ruminants: binucleate cell fusion and hormone production. Placenta, 13(2), 101-113. https://doi.org/10.1892/0891-6640(2000)0142.3.co;2ZAREI, S. et al. (2017). The impact of season, parity, and volume of colostrum on Holstein dairy cows colostrum composition. Agricultural Sciences, 8, 572-581. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2017.8704
Effect of dietary grape pomace on fats digestibility in horses
Get PDFSubmitted 2020-07-02 | Accepted 2020-08-24 | Available 2020-12-01https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.mi-fpap.132-136The present study aimed to analyse dried grape pomace as a possible source of crude fat and polyunsaturated fatty acids in equine nutrition, as well as its effect on apparent digestibility of crude fat and selected fatty acids. Twelve clinically healthy sport horses were used in the feeding trial (Slovak warm blood breed). Animals were divided into three groups; control group (without supplementation) and two experimental groups where diets were enriched by 200 g and 400 g of dried grape pomace, respectively. Digestibility analysis was carried out by total faeces collection method. Crude fat of feeds and faeces, extracted by Soxhlet-Henkel method, was subsequently subjected to fatty acid profile analysis by gas chromatography. Grape pomace contained 96.17 g.kg-1 of crude fat with linoleic (70.03% in fat) and oleic (15.86% in fat) as the most abundant fatty acids. An indication (P>0.05) of higher digestibility of crude fat and oleic acid in both experimental groups, in comparison with control group, was detected. The digestibility of palmitic, linoleic, α-linolenic and cis-11-eicosenoic acids was not affected by dried grape pomace consumption (P>0.05). Based on the results of this experiment, dried grape pomace had no significant effect neither on digestibility of crude fat nor on the selected fatty acids. However, this winery by-product could be used as an alternative source of crude fat in equine diets.Keywords: crude fat, equine, polyunsaturated fatty acid utilisation, wine by-productsReferencesAslanian, A., Dizaji, A. A., Farhoomand, P., Shahryar, H. A., Sis, N. M., & Rouhnavaz, S. (2011). Characterization of the nutritive value and protein fractions the cornell net carbohydrate and protein system in White and Red Grape (Vitis vinifera sp.) Pomace. Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 6(7), 298-303.Azevêdo, J. A. G., Valadares Filho, S. C., Pina, D. S., Detmann, E., Pereira, L. G. R., Valadares, R. F. D., ... & Benedeti, P. B. (2012). Nutritional diversity of agricultural and agro-industrial by-products for ruminant feeding. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 64(5), 1246-1255. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-09352012000500024Brenes, A., Viveros, A., Chamorro, S., & Arija, I. (2016). Use of polyphenol-rich grape by-products in monogastric nutrition. A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 211, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.09.016Burke, J. B. Equine International. (2009). Feeding Equine Athletes. Equine International, 1(2), 28-30.Davies, J. A., Krebs, G. L., Barnes, A., Pant, I., & McGrath, P. J. (2009). Feeding grape seed extract to horses: effects on health, intake and digestion. Animal, 3(3), 380-384.European Union. (2009). Commission regulation (EC) No 152/2009 of 27 Jan. 2009: Laying down the methods of sampling and analysis for the official control of feed.Foiklang, S., Wanapat, M., & Norrapoke, T. (2016). Effect of grape pomace powder, mangosteen peel powder and monensin on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, nitrogen balance and microbial protein synthesis in dairy steers. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 29(10), 1416-1423. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.15.0689Gálik, B., Kolláthová, R., Rolinec, M., Juráček, M., Šimko, M., Hanušovský, O., Bíro, D., Vašeková, P., Kolesárová, A., Barantal, S. (2019). Grape by-products as bioactive substances in animal nutrition: A review. Agriculture and Food, 7, 67-172.Georgiev, V., Ananga, A., & Tsolova, V. (2014). Recent advances and uses of grape flavonoids as nutraceuticals. Nutrients, 6(1), 391-415. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu6010391Gülcü, M., Uslu, N., Özcan, M. M., Gökmen, F., Özcan, M. M., Banjanin, T., … Lemiasheuski, V. (2019). The investigation of bioactive compounds of wine, grape juice and boiled grape juice wastes. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 43(1), e13850. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13850Hanganu, A., Todaşcă, M. C., Chira, N. A., Maganu, M., & Roşca, S. (2012). The compositional characterisation of Romanian grape seed oils using spectroscopic methods. Food Chemistry, 134(4), 2453-2458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.048Hess, T., & Ross-Jones, T. (2014). Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in horses. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 43(12), 677-683. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982014001200008Hinchcliff, K. W., Kaneps, A. J., & Geor, R. J. (2013). Equine Sports Medicine and Surgery E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.Hussein, S., & Abdrabba, S. (2015). Physico-chemical characteristics, fatty acid, composition of grape seed oil and phenolic compounds of whole seeds, seeds and leaves of red grape in Libya. International Journal of Applied Science and Mathematics, 2(5), 2394-2894.Kentucky Equine Research. (2016). Nutrition of the performance horse.Kolláthová, R., Gálik, B., Halo, M., Kováčik, A., Hanušovský, O., Bíro, D., ... & Šimko, M. (2020). The effects of dried grape pomace supplementation on biochemical blood serum indicators and digestibility of nutrients in horses. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 65(2), 58-65. https://doi.org/10.17221/181/2019-CJASLichovnikova, M., Kalhotka, L., Adam, V., Klejdus, B., & Anderle, V. (2015). The effects of red grape pomace inclusion in grower diet on amino acid digestibility, intestinal microflora, and sera and liver antioxidant activity in broilers. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 39(4), 406-412. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1403-64Mironeasa, S., Codină, G. G., & Mironeasa, C. (2016). The effects of wheat flour substitution with grape seed flour on the rheological parameters of the dough assessed by mixolab. Journal of Texture Studies, 43(1), 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4603.2011.00315.xNational Research Council. (2007). National Research Council Committee nutrient requirements of horses.Piccione, G., Arfuso, F., Fazio, F., Bazzano, M., & Giannetto, C. (2014a). Serum lipid modification related to exercise and polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in jumpers and thoroughbred horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 34(10), 1181-1187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2014.07.005Piccione, G., Marafioti, S., Giannetto, C., Panzera, M., & Fazio, F. (2014b). Effect of dietary supplementation with omega 3 on clotting time, fibrinogen concentration and platelet aggregation in the athletic horse. Livestock Science, 161, 109-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2013.12.032Ribeiro, L. F., Ribani, R. H., Francisco, T. M. G., Soares, A. A., Pontarolo, R., & Haminiuk, C. W. I. (2015). Profile of bioactive compounds from grape pomace (Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca) by spectrophotometric, chromatographic and spectral analyses. Journal of Chromatography B, 1007, 72–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.005Ross-Jones, T., Hess, T., Rexford, J., Ahrens, N., Engle, T., & Hansen, D. K. (2014). Effects of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on equine synovial fluid fatty acid composition and prostaglandin E2. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 34(6), 779-783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2014.01.014Vineyard, K. R., Warren, L. K., & Kivipelto, J. (2010). Effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid source on plasma and red blood cell membrane composition and immune function in yearling horses. Journal of Animal Science, 88(1), 248-257. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2253Viveros, A., Chamorro, S., Pizarro, M., Arija, I., Centeno, C., & Brenes, A. (2011). Effects of dietary polyphenol-rich grape products on intestinal microflora and gut morphology in broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 90(3), 566-578. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2010-00889
Comparison of identity by descent estimates with Plink and refinedIBD in dogs
Get PDFArticle Details: Received: 2020-05-26 | Accepted: 2020-07-10 | Available online: 2020-12-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.04.213-216With the availability of dense SNP genotype data various types of estimation methods were developed to estimate relatedness of any two individuals, even in absence of traditional pedigrees. One of the most prominent method was the identity by descent (IBD), widely used in genetic diversity studies. IBD itself could be estimate using different approaches and software that might provide different results. The purpose of this study was to compare the estimates from two established software, probabilistic approach by Plink and a non-probabilistic approach based on haplotypes by refinedIBD. High density SNP genotypes from 98 Leonberger dogs were used to estimate IBD coefficients based on two data types: with one of the SNP markers in high linkage disequilibrium removed, as required by Plink, and SNP markers subjected only to standard quality control, as required by refinedIBD. The Pearson correlation coefficients from pairwise estimates were 0.97 when estimated with the same software and 0.84 between the two software and data types, as required by the respective user manuals. The numerical differences were clustered around zero (i.e. no to little difference) for half of the pairwise comparisons, and up to ±0.1 for the vast majority of cases. The most extreme differences were consistently estimated higher by Plink. Because of these differences a follow up investigation should be done, including pedigrees, as well as simulated data to provide a comprehensive analysis.Keywords: SNP, Plink, refinedIBD, Leonberger, companion animalsReferencesBROWNING, B.L. and BROWNING, S.R. (2013). Improving the Accuracy and Efficiency of Identity-by-Descent Detection in Population Data. Genetics, 194(2), 459–471. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.113.150029CHANG, C.C., CHOW, C.C., TELLIER, L.C., VATTIKUTI, S., PURCELL, S.M. and LEE, J.J. (2015). Second-Generation PLINK: Rising to the Challenge of Larger and Richer Datasets. GigaScience, (4) 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13742-015-0047-8NASERI, A., LIU, X., TANG, K., ZHANG, S. and ZHI, D. (2019). RaPID: Ultra-Fast, Powerful, and Accurate Detection of Segments Identical by Descent (IBD) in Biobank-Scale Cohorts. Genome Biology, 20(1), 143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-019-1754-8R CORE TEAM (2019). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/SPEED, D. and BALDING, D.J. (2015). Relatedness in the Post-Genomic Era: Is It Still Useful? Nature Reviews Genetics, 16(1), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg3821TAYLOR, A.R., JACOB, P.E., NEAFSEY, D.E. and BUCKEE, C.O. (2019). Estimating Relatedness Between Malaria Parasites. Genetics, 212(4), 1337–1351. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.119.302120WEIR, B.S., ANDERSON, A.D. and HEPLER, A.B. (2006). Genetic Relatedness Analysis: Modern Data and New Challenges. Nature Reviews Genetics, 7(10), 771–780. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg1960WRIGHT, S. (1922). Coefficients of Inbreeding and Relationship. The American Naturalist, 56(645), 330–338
Slaughter performance, chemical composition and physical technological parameters of Holstein veal fed with total mixed ration (TMR) and alfalfa hay
Get PDFArticle Details: Received: 2020-01-07 | Accepted: 2020-01-24 | Available online: 2020-03-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.01.29-36This study was conducted to evaluate the selected fattening characteristics, carcass parameters and analysing of parameters associated with the meat quality of twenty Holstein male calves fed with different diets. Calves were after weaning divided into two groups with respect of feeding; control group fed with untreated total mixed ration (TMR) and experimental group, which received industrially dried alfalfa hay. Calves of both groups were after about 193 days slaughtered in the experimental abattoir. Subsequently, after chilling for 24 hours, detailed dissection of the right – carcass half was performed. For the nutritional characteristics, physical technological parameters and sensory properties, slices of loin (M. longissimus thoracis) and top round (M. semimembranosus) muscles were taken 24 hours post mortem. The average daily gains were higher in the experimental group of calves (P >0.05). Although calves of the control group had higher dressing percentage (50.23%; P >0.05), no significant differences were determined in the carcass weight (P >0.05). Proportions of some of intraabdominal fats were influenced by feeding concept; calves of alfalfa hay treated group had lower proportion of intestinal fat (P >0.05) and higher proportion of kidney fat (P >0.05). Differences in total amount of meat from right – half carcass were not significant (P >0.05); proportion of separable fat was higher in the experimental group of calves. In terms of individual valuable meat cuts, higher proportion of tenderloin was determined in the group fed with alfalfa hay (1.80%); however results were no significant. Statistical significant variety at the level P 0.05) 24 hours post mortem.Keywords: different diet, veal quality parameters, bull calves, meat colour, right – half carcassReferencesBartoň, L. et al. (2003). Growth, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics of Czech Pied and Holstein bulls. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 48(11), pp. 459–465.Biel, W. et al. (2019). Offal Chemical Composition from Veal, Beef, and Lamb Maintained in Organic Production Systems. Animals, 9(8), pp. 489. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9080489Brewer , S. (2010). Handbook of Meat Processing. Ames: Blackwell Publishing, p. 584.Campbell , C. P. et al. (2013). Packing plant differences in meat quality for grain-fed veal. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 93(2), 205–215. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas2012-147Dias, A. M. O. et al. (2018) Performance and fatty acid profile of Holstein calves slaughtered at different weights. R. Bras. Zootec., 47. https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4720170208Domaradzki , P. et al. (2017). Slaughter value and meat quality of suckler calves: A review. Meat Science, 134, 135–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.07.026Drake , N. A. (2017). The performance of veal calves fed concentrate, total mixed ration, or free choice in the post-weaning period: Master of Sustainable Animal Nutrition and Feeding Thesis. Aarhaus: Aarhus University.EC (2008). Council Regulation (EC) No. 361/2008 of 14 April 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No. 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products.Feiner, G. (2006). Meat products handbook: Practical science and technology. London: Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press.Foltys , V. and Mojto , J. (2009). Produkty hovädzieho dobytka a ich kvalita. [Online]. Retrieved 2019-01-15 from http://old.agroporadenstvo.sk/zv/hd/chovhd10.htm?startGariépy , C. et al. (1998). Effect of calf feeding regimes and diet EDTA on physico-chemical characteristics of veal stored under modified atmospheres. Meat Science, 49(1), 101–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(97)00115-0Gálvez , F. et al. (2019). Nutritional and meat quality characteristics of seven primal cuts from 9‐month‐old female veal calves: a preliminary study. J Sci Food Agric, 99, 2947–2956. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9508González, L. et al. (2014). Effect of supplementing different oils: Linseed, sunflower and soybean, on animal performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acid profile of veal from “Rubia gallega” calves. Meat Science: Part A, 96(2), 829– 836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.09.027HUFF-LONERGAN, E. (2010). Chemistry and Biochemistry of Meat. In TOLDRÁ, F. (2010) Handbook of Meat Processing. 1st ed., Blackwell Publishing. 2121 State Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50014-8300, USA, 2010, pp. 584. ISBN 978-0-8138-2182-5. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780813820897Holló, G. et al. (2013). Characterisation of carcass composition and meat quality of male suckling buffalo calves kept on natural grassland. Archives Animal Breeding, 56(1), 1060–1065. https://doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-56-107Cho, S. et al. (2014). Physico-chemical Meat Qualities of Loin and Top Round Beef from Holstein Calves with Different Slaughtering Ages. Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, 34(5), 674–682. http://dx.doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2014.34.5.674Irshad, A. et al. (2013). Factors influencing carcass composition of livestock: a review. Journal of Animal Production Advances, 3(5), 177–186. https://doi.org/10.5455/japa.20130531093231Klont , R. E. et al. (2000). Effects of rate of pH fall, time of deboning, aging period, and their interaction on veal quality characteristics. Journal of Animal Science, 78(7), 1845–1851. https://doi.org/10.2527/2000.7871845xLengyel , Z. et al. (2003). Fatty acid composition of intramuscular lipids in various muscles of Holstein-Friesian bulls slaughtered at different agens. Meat Science, 65(1), 593–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(02)00252-8Maciel , R. P. (2016). Performance, rumen development, and carcass traits of male calves fed starter concentrate with crude glycerin. R. Bras. Zootec., 45(6), 309–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1806-92902016000600005Mojto , J. et al. (2009). Effect of age at slaughter on quality of carcass and meat in cows. Slovak Journal of Animal Science, 42(1), 34 – 37.Moran , J. B. et al. (1992). Growth, carcass and meat quality in veal calves fed diets based on wholemilk or milk replacers. Proc. Aust. Soc. Anim. Prod., 17, 254–257.Moran , J. B. and Currie, J. R. (1992). The distribution of meat in pink veal carcasses as influenced by carcass weight, breed and diet. Proc. Aust. Soc. Anim. Prod., 19, 65–67.Moreno, T. et al. (2006). Nutritional characteristics of veal from weaned and unweaned calves: Discriminatory ability of the fat profile. Meat Science, 73(2), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.11.016Ngapo, T. M. and Gariépy , C. (2006). Factors affecting the meat quality of veal: Review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 86, 1412–1431. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2507Noon, C. D. et al. (1998). The use of corn and barley in diets for veal calves: Effects on performance, diet digestibility and carcass quality. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 78(3), 351–358. https://doi.org/10.4141/A97-100Pateiro , M. et al. (2013). Meat quality of veal: Discriminatory ability of weaning status. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 11(4), 1044–1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2013114-4363Ripoll, G. et al. (2013). Instrumental meat quality of veal calves reared under three management systems and color evolution of meat stored in three packaging systems. Meat Science, 93(2), 336–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.09.012Santos , P.V. et al. (2013). Carcass physical composition and meat quality of Holstein calves, terminated in different finishing systems and slaughter weights. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 37(5), 1413–7054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1413-70542013000500008SAS INSTITUTE Inc. (2011). Base SAS® 9.3 Procedures Guide.Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc., Carry. Schaefer, D. M. (2007). Yield and Quality of Holstein Beef [Online]. Retrieved 2019-12-02 from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/90ea/1591cfbbaed6a756e6d9c483ff48cb3f6802.pdfSkřivanová, E. et al. (2007). Influence of dietary selenium and vitamin E on quality of veal. Meat Science, 76(3), 495–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.01.003Titi, H. H. et al. (2008). Growth and carcass characteristics of male dairy calves on a yeast culture-supplemented diet. South African Journal of Animal Science, 38(3), 174–183. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v38i3.4125Vieira , C. et al. (2005). Effect of diet composition and slaughter weight on animal performance, carcass and meat quality, and fatty acid composition in veal calves. 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Influence of birth weight and weaning weight on performance and veal quality
Get PDFSubmitted 2020-07-02 | Accepted 2020-09-04 | Available 2020-12-01https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.mi-fpap.116-123The aim of this paper was to evaluate the influence of birth weight and weaning weight on selected fattening, carcass, physical technological parameters and proximate composition of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle from forty-five Holstein bull calves. Effect of birth weight: group1 (mean 36.98 kg), group 2 (mean 38.61 kg), group 3 (mean 41.11 kg) and weaning weight: group A (mean 88.54 kg), group B (mean 97.56 kg), group C (mean 116.09 kg) on parameters of Holstein veal production were examined. Each group was consisted of 15 animals. Slaughter weight, weight gains, body measurements, carcass conformation, retail yield (meat, trimmed fat, bones), and meat characteristics 24 hours and 7 days post mortem (pH, drip loss, shear force, colour, chemical composition) were studied. Calves of group 2 had highest lifetime average daily gains. Among monitored groups, significant effect of birth weight and weaning weight on hip height and heart girth were revealed. Dressing percentage (P0.05) little due to weaning weight. Calves of lighter birth weight had the least retail meat yield, but the most bones in carcass. Little effect of weaning weight on protein content (P<0.05) and energy value (P<0.01) or birth weight on energy value (P<0.05) of Longissimus muscle was revealed. Effect of birth weight or weaning weight on worsening or improving of physical technological traits of veal Longissimus muscle was not clear. Significantly different pH 24 hours post mortem was found in higher birth weight (P<0.01) and lower weaning weight (P<0.05). Parameters of meat colour – lightness and redness were not influenced by birth weight, but significantly affected by weaning weight (P<0.05). Content of palmitic acid was affected by both – birth weight and weaning weight (P<0.01). No interactions between birth weight or weaning weight were evident for resulted fattening, carcass, yield, physical technological and qualitative traits of calves.Keywords: birth weight, average daily gain, weaning, proximate composition, retail yieldReferencesBISPO, E. et al. (2010). Effect of weaning status on animal performance and meat quality of Rubia Gallega calves. Meat Science, 86(3), 832-838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.07.005BLANCO, M. et al. (2009). Effects of early weaning and breed on calf performance and carcass and meat quality in autumn born bull calves. Livestock Science, 120, 103−115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2008.05.003DIMOV, K. et al. (2012). Fatty-acid composition of the lipids in M. longissimus dorsi of bovine and buffalo calves and buffalo cows. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 18(5), 778-783.DOMARADZKI, P. et al. (2017). Slaughter value and meat quality of suckler calves: A review. Meat Science, 134, 135-149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.07.026GÁLVEZ, F. et al. (2018). Nutritional and meat quality characteristics of seven primal cuts from 9-month-old female veal calves: a preliminary study. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 99(6), 2947-2956. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9508GREENWOOD, P. L. et al. (2006). Long-term consequences of birth weight and growth to weaning on carcass, yield and beef quality characteristics of Piedmontese- and Wagyu-sired cattle. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 46, 257-269. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA05240GREENWOOD, P. l. and CAFÉ, L. M. (2007). Prenatal and pre-weaning growth and nutrition of cattle: Long term consequences for beef production. Animal, 1(9), 1283-1296. https://doi.org/10.1017/S175173110700050XHORNICK, J. L. et al. (1998). Different periods of feed restriction before compensatory growth in Belgian Blue bulls: I. animal performance, nitrogen balance, meat characteristics, and fat composition. Journal of Animal Science, 76, 249-259. https://doi.org/10.2527/1998.761249xIRSHAD, A. et al. (2013). Factors influencing carcass composition of livestock: a review. Journal of Animal Production Advances, 3(5), 177-186. https://doi.org/10.5455/japa.20130531093231JENKINS, T. C. et al. (2008). BOARD-INVITED REVIEW: Recent advances in biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids within the rumen microbial ecosystem. Journal of Animal Science, 86(2), 397–412. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2007-0588LISTRAT, A. et al. (2016). How muscle structure and composition influence meat and flesh quality: review. Scientific World Journal, 2016, 3182746. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3182746LOCK, A. L. and BAUMAN, D. E. (2004). Modifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health: Review. Lipids, 39(12), 1197-1206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-004-1348-6MCAFEE, A. J. et al. (2010). Red meat consumption: An overview of the risks and benefits: Review. Meat Science, 84(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.08.029MORENO, T. et al. (2006). Nutritional characteristics of veal from weaned and not weaned calves: discriminatory ability of the fat profile. Meat Science, 73, 209−217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.11.016NGAPO, T. M. and GARIÉPY, C. (2006). Factors affecting the meat quality of veal: Review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 86, 1412-1431. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2507PATEIRO, M. et al. (2013). Meat quality of veal: discriminatory ability of weaning status. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 11(4), 1044-1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2013114-4363PEREIRA, V. et al. (2017). Relationship between the essential and toxic element concentrations and the proximate composition of different commercial and internal cuts of young beef. European Food Research and Technology, 243, 1869-1873. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-017-2888-0PRAHARANI, l. et al. (2019). Birth weight and body measurements of purebred and crossbred Belgian Blue calves. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 372, 012016. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/372/1/012016RIPOLL, G. et al. (2013). Instrumental meat quality of veal calves reared under three management systems and color evolution of meat stored in three packaging systems. Meat Science, 93, 336-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.09.012SCOLLAN, N. et al. (2006). Innovations in beef production systems that enhance the nutritional and health value of beef lipids and their relationship with meat quality: Review. Meat Science, 74(1), 17-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.05.002SCHREURS, N. M. et al. (2008). Meta-analysis of the effect of animal maturity on muscle characteristics in different muscles, breeds, and sexes of cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 86(11), 2872-2887. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-0882VACEK, M. et al. (2012). Metodika řízení odchovu a reprodukce jalovic holštýnského plemene z hlediska celkové rentability chovu dojnic. Výzkumný ústav živočišné výroby, v.v.i., Praha – Uhříněves.VAVRIŠÍNOVÁ, K. et al. (2019). Slaughter characteristics and physical technological parameters of veal from male calves of Holstein and Slovak Simmental breeds. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Science, 9(3), 634-638. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/jmbfs.2019/20.9.3.634-638VIEIRA, C. et al. (2005). Effect of diet composition and slaughter weight on animal performance, carcass and meat quality, and fatty acid composition in veal calves. Livestock Production Science, 93(3), 263-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.11.020
Genome-wide characterisation of regions under intense selection based on runs of homozygosity in Charolais cattle
Get PDFSubmitted 2020-06-22 | Accepted 2020-07-20 | Available 2020-12-01https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.mi-fpap.347-352In this study, 68 genotyped purebred cows and bulls of Charolais cattle were used to determine runs of homozygosity (ROH) for evaluation of selection effect on the genome structure. ROH analysis was performed for 41,153 SNPs, and homozygous segments considering a minimum of 15 consecutive SNPs. The aim was to identify if regions of the genome with a high frequency of SNPs in ROH include signatures of selection. The most significant outlier SNPs were found on BTA2, 5, 7 and 19 (11 regions), with a sum of ROH length of 15.85 Mb. These regions contained genes included in various biological processes associated with the functioning of the immune system, growth, reproduction and metabolism. Various quantitative traits loci (QTLs) which affected the characteristics of meat production and reproduction have been identified in these regions. Overall, obtained results suggest that the Charolais cattle genome includes selection signatures reflecting the improvement of meat production and reproduction in accordance to breeding objecives.Keywords: artificial selection, autozygosity, beef, bovine, candidate genesReferencesAspatwar, A. et al. (2014). Carbonic anhydrase related proteins: molecular biology and evolution. Subcell. Biochem. 75: 135–156.Biscarini, F. et al. (2019). detectRUNS: an R package to detect runs of homozygosity and heterozygosity in diploid genomes. The R Project. Retrieved June 8, 2019 from https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/detectRUNS/vignettes/detectRUNS.vignette.htmlDixit, S. P. et al. (2020). Genome-Wide Runs of Homozygosity Revealed Selection Signatures in Bos indicus. Front. Genet. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00092Gaudet, P. et al. (2011). Phylogenetic-based Propagation of Functional Annotations Within the Gene Ontology Consortium. Brief Bioinform, 12(5): 446-62. https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbr042Chang, C.C. (2015). Second-generation PLINK: rising to the challenge of larger and richer datasets. GigaScience, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13742-015-0047-8Jahuey-Martinez, F. L. et al. (2019). Signatures of selection in Charolais beef cattle identified by genome‐wide analysis. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 136(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12399Mallikarjunappa, S. et al. (2018) Short communication: Uncovering quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection in Holstein cattle using a high-density single nucleotide polymorphism panel, Journal of Dairy Science, 101(8):7280-7286. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-14388Marras, G. et al. (2015). Analysis of runs of homozygosity and their relationship with inbreeding in five cattle breeds farmed in Italy. Anim. Genet., 46, 110–121. https://doi.org/10.1111/age.12259Mastrangelo, S. (2020). Genome‐wide detection of signatures of selection in three Valdostana cattle populations. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12476Mastrangelo, S. et al. (2019). Novel and known signals of selection for fat deposition in domestic sheep breeds from Africa and Eurasia. In PLoS ONE 14(6): e0209632. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209632McTavish E.J. (2013). New world cattle show ancestry from multiple independent domestication events. PNAS, 110(15): 1398–1406. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1303367110Mészáros, G. et al. (2015) Genomic analysis for managing small and endangered populations: A case study in Tyrol Grey cattle. Front. Genet, 13(6):173. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2015.00173Moravčíková, N. et al. (2019). Analysis of selection signatures in the beef cattle genome. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 64(12): 491–503. https://doi.org/10.17221/226/2019-CJASMoravčíková, N. et al.(2018). Genomic Response to Natural Selection within Alpine Cattle Breeds. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 63(4):136-143. https://doi.org/10.17221/62/2017-CJASOnzima, R. B. et al. (2018). Genome-Wide Characterisation of Selection Signatures and Runs of Homozygosity in Ugandan Goat Breeds. Front. Genet. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2018.00318Patel, A. B. et al. (2017). Identification of single nucleotide polymorphism from Indian Bubalus bubalis through targeted sequence capture. Current Science, 112(6): 1230. ISSN 0011-3891Pomichal. (2009) The breeding program of Charolais cattle. The Slovak Beef Breeders Association, cooperative. Retrieved June 8, 2019 from http://www.zchmd.eu/charolaisPurfield, D.C. et al. (2012). Runs of homozygosity and population history in cattle. BMC Genet., 13, 70. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-13-70Purfield, D.C. et al. (2017). The Distribution of Runs of Homozygosity and Selection Signatures in Six Commercial Meat Sheep Breeds. In PLoS ONE 12(5): e0176780. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176780Shi, L. et al. (2020). Estimation of inbreeding and identification of regions under heavy selection based on runs of homozygosity in a Large White pig population. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 11(46). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-020-00447-0Szmatoła, T. et al. (2019). A Comprehensive Analysis of Runs of Homozygosity of Eleven Cattle Breeds Representing Different Production Types. Animals, 9(12), https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9121024Szmatoła, T. et al. (2020). Detection of runs of homozygosity in conserved and commercial pig breeds in Poland. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12482The Breeding Services of the Slovak Republic, s.e. (2019). The results of beef and suckling cows performance recording in Slovak Republic, Year 2019. The Breeding Services of the Slovak Republic, s.e. 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Effects of dietary fumonisins on nutrients digestibility in weanling pigs
Get PDFSubmitted 2020-06-15 | Accepted 2020-07-01 | Available 2020-12-01https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.mi-fpap.23-28The aim of the study was to ascertain the potential effects of fumonisins on nutrients’ digestibility in the gastrointestinal tract. Eighteen (n= 6 x 3) weanling pigs from the age of 35 days were administered 0, 15 or 30 mg/kg dietary fumonisins (FB1, FB2 and FB3) for a period of 21days, after an acclimatization period of 14 days. Titanium dioxide (0.5%) was added as indigestible marker to the feed and representative fecal samples were taken during a 5-day collection period in order to determine the digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, starch, ash, calcium, phosphorus and energy. The final body weights, cumulative feed intake and relative organ weights of all groups were were not influenced by treatment (p>0.05). Digestibility of energy, crude fiber, ash, calcium and phosphorus were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the control group relative to either 15 or 30 mg/kg treated pigs. These findings suggest that fumonisins in a dose of 15 or 30 mg/kg potentially distorts total tract nutrient digestibility in weanling pigs and thus, compromise the nutritive value of the mixed feed.Keywords: fumonisins, pigs, gastrointestinal tract, nutrients digestibilityReferencesAssociation of Official Analytical Chemists. (2000). AOAC International, Gaithersburg, 17. ed MD, USA.Bartók, T. et al. (2010). Detection and characterization of twenty-eight isomers of fumonisin B1 (FB1) mycotoxin in a solid rice culture infected with Fusarium verticillioides by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization time-of-flight and ion trap mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 24(1), 35–42.Bouhet, S. and Oswald, I.P. (2007). The intestine as a possible target for fumonisin toxicity. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, 51(8), 925–931.Choct M. (2009). Managing gut health through nutrition. British Poultry Science, 50(1), 9–15.Ewing, W.N. (2008). The Living Gut. 2. ed. Nottingham, UK: Nottingham University Press.Gbore, F.A., Yinusa, R.I. and Salleh, B. (2010). Evaluation of sub-chronic dietary fumonisin B1 on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of rats. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(38), 6442–6447.Gbore, F.A. (2007). Effect of dietary fumonisin B1 on histomorphology and histopathology of organs of pubertal boars. American-Eurasian Journal of Scientific Research, 2, 75–79.Gbore, F.A. and Egbunike, G.N. (2007). Influence of dietary fumonisin B1 on nutrient utilization by growing pigs. Livestock Research for Rural Development, Volume19, Article #93. Retrieved June 5, 2020 from http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd19/7/gbor19093.htmGelineau-van Waes, J. et al. (2009). Maternal fumonisin exposure as a risk factor for neural tube defects. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 56, 145–181.Grenier, B. and Applegate, T. (2013). Modulation of intestinal functions following mycotoxin ingestion: Meta-analysis of published experiments in animals. Toxins, 5(2), 396–430.Harrison, L.R. et al. (1990). Pulmonary edema and hydrothorax in swine produced by fumonisin B1, a toxic metabolite of Fusarium moniliforme. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2(3), 217–221.International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (2002). Working group on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Some traditional herbal medicines, some mycotoxins, naphthalene and styrene. IARC Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, 82, 1–556.Islami, F. et al. (2009). Oesophageal cancer in Golestan Province, a high-incidence area in northern Iran - a review. European Journal of Cancer, 45(18), 3156–3165.Merrill, A. H. et al. (2001). Sphingolipid metabolism: roles in signal transduction and disruption by fumonisins. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109(2), 283–289.Nelson, P.E., Desjardins, A.E. and Plattner, R.D. (1993). Fumonisins, mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species: biology, chemistry, and significance. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 31, 233–252.Rheeder, J.P., Marasas, W.F. and Vismer, H.F. (2002). Production of fumonisin analogs by Fusarium species. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68(5), 2101–2105.SPSS. (2012). SPSS for Windows version 20, SPSS: Chicago, IL, USA.Tóth, Á. et al. (2000). Effect of low doses of the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 on the body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate of pigs. Agriculture, 6, 149–151.
Genetic and phenotypic trends for weights of major beef and dual-purpose cattle breeds in Slovak Republic
No full textArticle Details: Received: 2019-12-17 | Accepted: 2020-06-03 | Available online: 2020-09-30https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.03.174-181Genetic evaluation of beef cattle in Slovakia started in first years of this century. After the first decade of running the routine evaluations it is important to review the progress made and to discuss the further development. The aim of this paper was to compile and deliver genetic and phenotypic trends in order to review importance of evaluated traits with respect to four major beef (Charolais, Limousine) and dual-purpose breeds (Slovak Pinzgau cattle, Slovak Spotted cattle). The study showed different progress made across the breeds. Higher genetic progress was observed in Charolais purebreds compared to Limousine counterparts. Moreover, almost similar progress to that in Charolais was observed in dual-purpose Slovak Pinzgau cattle. On the other hand no progress was observed in Slovak Spotted purebreds. Results also showed higher progress in bulls compared to cows. Phenotypic trends showed reserves for improvement in Charolais and closing to breed standards in Limousine. In dualpurpose breeds improvement was shown only in Slovak Pinzgau, while no improvement or decrease in actual weights was shown in Slovak Spotted purebreds.Keywords: beef cattle, dual-purpose cattle, trends, growth, genetic evaluationReferencesABIN, S. et al. (2016). Population structure and genetic trends for indigenous African beef cattle breeds in South Africa. South African J. Animal Science, 46(2), 152–156. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v46i2.5ABREU, L.R.A. et al. (2018). Genetic trends and trade-offs between growth and reproductive traits in a Nellore herd. PLoS ONE, 13(8): e0201392. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201392AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL CHAROLAIS ASSOCIATION (AICA). (2019) American-International Charolais Association. National Cattle Evaluation. Genetic Trend. 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Genetic trends and breed overlap derived from multiple-breed genetic evaluations of beef cattle for growth traits. J. Animal Science, 77(8), 2019–2027. https://doi.org/10.2527/1999.7782019xTEIXEIRAA, B.B.M. et al. (2018). Genetic parameters and trends for traits of the Hereford and Braford breeds in Brazil. Livestock Science, 208, 60–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2017.12.008TOMKA, J. and HUBA, J. (2019). Animal genetic resources in Slovak Republic. Danubian Animal Genetic Resources, 4, 7–12.ZCHMD. (2009a). Breeding standards for Charolais breed. Retrieved June 13, 2019 from http://www.zchmd.eu/charolais/charakteristika-93258. In Slovak.ZCHMD. (2009b). Breeding standards for Limousine breed. Retrieved June 13, 2019 from http://www.zchmd.eu/limousin/ harakteristika-90618. In Slovak.ZCHPD. (2016). Breeding standards for Slovak Pinzgau breed. Retrieved July 15, 2019 from http://www.pinzgau.sk/plemennystandard/. In Slovak.ZCHSSD. (2016). Breeding standards for Slovak Spotted breed. 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