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An Empirical Mathematic Analysis of Biomanipulation by Filter-Feeding Daphnia magna to Control Microalgae Growth
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Effects of Fenoxycarb Application on Cell DNA Synthesis of Insect Endocrine Glands in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori
No full textUsing EAT-26 to Examine the Relationship between Eating Disorders and Gender:An Example from two senior High School in Southern Taiwan
No full textThe Perception of Power-Operating in the Grades1st_9th Integrative Curriculum Reform for the Elementary School Teachers
No full textAn Investigation for the Percussion Music Joined into Liberal Education Aimed at Pressure Release in College
No full textNi and Mn complexes of 21-(4-tert-butyl-benzenesulfon-amido)-5,10,15,20-tetrapheny l-porphyrin:Ni(N-p-NSO2C6H4Bu-tpp),and Mn(N-p-NSo2C6H4Bu-tpp)(O2CCh3{tpp=5,10,15,20-tetra-phenylporphyrinate
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A Study for Reducing the Unusual Returning Medicine to Pharmacy form the Wards in a medical Unit of a Teaching Hospital
No full textDiagnosis and improvement of indoor environmental quality in the day-care center
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蘇慧貞、江哲銘、李俊璋，2000，空調系統之使用對商業區辦公大樓空氣品質之影響研究，國科會/環保署科技合作研究計畫。[[abstract]]幼童正在成長中，他們呼吸量與體重的比值較成年人高50 ％以上，且身體發育尚未健全，抵抗力較一般成年人差，加上幼童每天約有40 %的時間處於托兒所的環境，因此托兒所室內環境品質對幼童身體的健康影響是更值得被關注。本研究針對托兒所進行室內環境品質評估與診斷並提出改善方案，首先評估其環境舒適程度及其潛在的污染物來源，針對超過建議值之污染物提出介入改善措施，並探討各種改善方案之優缺點，提出室內環境品質改善策略選擇流程，以作為選擇室內環境品質改善方法之參考依據。
本研究使用直讀式儀器量測托兒所環境參數(溫度、相對濕度、噪音、照明、通風換氣、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、臭氧、總揮發性有機化合物、甲醛及懸浮微粒)，並利用攜帶式生物氣膠採樣器捕集生物性氣膠(真菌、細菌)，並和相關標準進行比較。藉由室內污染物濃度測值與室外濃度測值的比值(即I/O比值)初步判定其污染來源，並進行建材表面塗抹採樣及表面水氣含量測定，以釐清其室內生物性因子之污染源，作為選用介入改善措施之判斷依據。
結果發現該托兒所室內環境中存在二氧化碳、懸浮微粒及生物氣膠的問題。經由I/O比值發現二氧化碳的污染源來自於室內源，懸浮微粒及真菌同時具有室內及室外的污染源，細菌則明顯為室內源。真菌的優勢菌種為Penicillium, Cladosporium, Aspergillus，大多數粒徑分佈2.1~3.3 µm之間；細菌的優勢菌種為Glucose-Non-Fermentation, Micrococcus，大多數粒徑分佈在0.65~1.1 µm及2.1~3.3 µm之間。建材表面塗抹採樣及表面水氣含量測定部份，結果發現托兒所教室內建材表面含水量皆超過正常值，容易滋生微生物，且廁所及其附近區域生物氣膠及地板表面塗抹採樣具有高濃度的真菌、細菌存在，因此教室建材及廁所可能為托兒所室內生物氣膠之污染來源。
介入改善控制結果發現，在污染源抑制的部份，進行清潔對細菌有不錯的改善效果；而空氣消毒對真菌及細菌同時具有很好的改善效果。路徑控制的部份，發現使用空氣清淨機對於室內懸浮微粒、生物氣膠皆有改善效果；通風換氣與空調系統控制對於室內一氧化碳、二氧化碳、懸浮微粒及生物氣膠都有良好的改善效果。
綜合上述分析結果，本研究以建議值為基準，針對超過建議值的污染物，依照不同的特性，分成室內源及室外源兩大部份，設計一套室內環境品質改善策略之選擇流程，以作為改善室內環境品質之參考依據。
The ratio of breathing volume to body weight for children is 50% greater than the adults, and the immunity of children is worse than adults due to the growth of child is not yet improved. However, children spend about 40% every day staying in day-care center, the indoor air quality is therefore become an important concern on the health of children. In this study, the indoor air quality in day-care center was investigated and intervention methods to improve day-care center environment was proposed.
Environmental parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, noise, illuminance, air ventilation, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone, total volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, particulate matter, bioaerosol) in the day-care center were measured by different direct-reading instruments and portable bioaerosol sampler to compare with the Indoor Air Quality Standards of Taiwan (IAQST). The water activity, surface microorganisms of building materials and I/O ratio were also evaluated at the same time to investigate the origins of different indoor contaminants.
It was found that carbon dioxide, particulate matter and bioaerosol are main problem in day-care center. The I/O ratios showed that carbon dioxide and bacteria are originated from indoor, particulate matter and fungus are both originated from indoor and outdoor. The dominant species of fungus are Penicillium, Cladosporium and Aspergillus, and size distribution ranges between 2.1 and 3.3 µm. The dominant species of bacteria are Glucose-Non-Fermentation and Micrococcus, and size distribution of the bioaerosols are 0.65 to 1.1 µm and 2.1~3.3 µm respectively. The water activity of building materials was higher than normal level and easily breeds microorganisms. The results of portable and surface bioaerosol sampling near bathroom and its vicinity was found exist high level concentration. Therefore, the building material and bathroom are the main pollutant sources of bioaerosol in the day-care center.
For pollution source, it was also found that cleaning improved concentration of bacteria, and air disinfection was an useful control method to both fungus and bacteria. As to the transmission control, air cleaner suppressed the particulate matter and bioaerosol, and ventilation apparently improved the concentration of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, particulate matter as well as bioaerosol.
Based on the finding in this study, the systematic strategy to improve the indoor air quality was proposed according to the pollution characteristic of indoor and outdoor. The results could be applied to the indoor air quality control in the future