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The Research about Satisfaction of Physical Education in Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology
No full textIsolation conditions immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activites of rice bran feruloylated oligosaccharides
No full text口試委員審定書
授權書
致謝
中文摘要i
英文摘要ii
目錄iv
圖目錄viii
表目錄x
壹、前言1
貳、文獻回顧2
一、米糠背景介紹2
(一) 米糠之化學組成2
(二) 米糠中之機能性物質5
(三) 阿魏酸9
(四) 阿魏酸寡醣12
二、回應曲面實驗設計法15
(一) 回應曲面法之原理16
(二) 二水準因子設計17
(三) 陡升路徑法22
(四) 中心混成設計22
(五) 回應曲面模式適切性之統計檢驗24
三、免疫系統29
(一) 免疫系統簡介29
(二) 細胞激素功能30
(三) Th1與Th2細胞亞群與平衡31
四、發炎反應34
(一) 發炎反應簡介34
(二) 巨噬細胞與發炎反應34
(三) LPS刺激巨噬細胞釋放發炎媒介物35
(四) 抗發炎細胞激素40
五、阿魏酸與免疫反應42
參、材料與方法43
第一部份43
一、材料43
二、方法43
三、回應曲面法之實驗設計44
四、統計分析44
第二部份45
一、樣品製備45
二、實驗流程46
(一) 免疫調節實驗設計流程圖46
(二) 抗發炎實驗設計流程圖47
三、細胞培養實驗材料設備48
四、細胞培養50
(一) 細胞株50
(二) 小鼠巨噬細胞之解凍50
(三) 小鼠巨噬細胞之繼代培養50
(四) 小鼠巨噬細胞之冷凍保存51
五、試驗分析51
(一) 細胞存活率之測定51
(二) 亞硝酸鈉標準曲線之分析52
(三) 一氧化碳生成之分析52
(四) 細胞分泌細胞激素之測定53
1.上清液的取得53
2.細胞激素分析測定(ELISA) 53
(五) Prostaglandin E2（PGE2）之測定54
肆、結果與討論56
一、回應曲面法設計米糠生產阿魏酸寡醣最適化條件56
(一) 二水準因子設計56
(二) 陡升路徑法60
(三) 中心混成設計62
二、阿魏酸寡醣活化巨噬細胞RAW 264.7 cell的效果65
(一) 阿魏酸寡醣對RAW 264.7細胞存活率之影響65
(二) 阿魏酸寡醣刺激巨噬細胞RAW264.7 cell 產生NO65
(三) 阿魏酸寡醣刺激巨噬細胞RAW264.7 cell 產生細胞激素
之影響69
(四) 阿魏酸寡醣刺激巨噬細胞RAW264.7產生PGE2 74
三、阿魏酸寡醣在兩種模式下對各種發炎媒介物產生之影響76
(一) 阿魏酸寡醣抑制LPS誘導RAW264.7產生NO之影響76
(二) 阿魏酸寡醣抑制LPS刺激巨噬細胞產生細胞激素
之變化78
(三)阿魏酸寡醣抑制LPS誘導RAW264.7產生PGE2之影響85
伍、結論87
陸、參考文獻88
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Zhang, Z. E., Yao, S. D., Lin, W. Z., Wang, W. F., Jin, Y. Z. and Lin, N. Y. 1998. Mechanism of reaction of nitrogen dioxide radical with hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives: a pulse radiolysis study . Free Radic. Res. 29: 13-16.[[abstract]]本研究目的為探討米糠生產阿魏酸寡醣之最適化條件，再將此阿魏酸寡醣進行免疫調節及抗發炎活性之研究。本論文分為兩部分：
第一部分實驗重點在於為提高阿魏酸寡醣之產量，利用回應曲面實驗設計，以酸水解方式，直接從脫脂米糠原料中分離純化阿魏酸寡醣。結果顯示，於193mM TFA、1.36小時之水解條件，可純化分離最大量之阿魏酸寡醣產率，為2.2%。
第二部分實驗又分為兩小部份進行，首先以小鼠巨噬細胞株RAW264.7為實驗模式，探討阿魏酸寡醣對小鼠巨噬細胞RAW264.7分泌發炎介質物之影響，包括NO (nitric oxide)及促發炎細胞激素TNF-α、IL-1β及IL-6和脂質媒介物PGE2之生成。結果顯示，隨著阿魏酸寡醣濃度的增加，皆能直接活化巨噬細胞RAW264.7產生NO及促發炎細胞激素TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6及PGE2之生成。
另探討阿魏酸寡醣RAW264.7經LPS誘發發炎反應後之影響，分別以兩種體外發炎模式進行，為預防發炎模式(模式A)、修復發炎損傷模式(模式B)，測定NO、抗發炎細胞激素IL-10及促發炎細胞激素TNF-α、IL-1β及IL-6和脂質媒介物PGE2分泌之變化，以評估阿魏酸寡醣之抗發炎作用。結果顯示，在模式A與模式B中，隨著阿魏酸寡醣濃度的增加，皆能明顯降低因LPS誘發之NO產生量﹔而阿魏酸寡醣可促使IL-10之分泌，並抑制TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和PGE2之分泌。
因此，阿魏酸寡醣可呈現出免疫調節之活性。亦可抑制LPS所誘導之發炎現象，具有預防發炎及修復發炎之效果。
This study was to investigate the optimization conditions of feruloylated oligosaccharides preparation from rice bran by acid hydrolysis and to evaluate the immunomodulatory function of feruloylated oligosaccharides.
To obtain the optimization conditions of feruloylated oligosaccharides preparation, response surface methodology (RSM) was introduced in this study. The optimal condition of 193 mM of TFA and 1.36 h of hydrolysis time was derived from canonical analysis. 2.2% of feruloylated oligosaccharides recovery was verified from predicted optimal condition and confirmed the fitness and applicability of this model.
The immunomodulatory activity of feruloylated oligosaccharides was evaluated through RAW264.7 macrophage cells model. Inflammatory mediators, including the nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) were surveyed separately. The results showed that the increasing of NO releasing and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2 secretion were in proportion to the increasing concentrations of feruloylated oligosaccharides.
Furthermore, inflammation-prevent model (Model A) and inflammation-repairing model (Model B) of feruloylated oligosaccharides were both investigated to clarify anti-inflammatory activity in the LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells model. The data from model A and model B revealed that feruloylated oligosaccharides could significantly reduce the LPS-induced NO secretion and increased IL-10 production, but inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine and PGE2 production.
Therefore, feruloylated oligosaccharides could reveal the immunomodulatory activity. In addition, it also had the inflammation-prevent and inflammation-repair abilities against LPS-induced inflammatory effect
Study on Isoflavnoides in Radix Pueraria Fermented by Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Functional Effects
No full text研究領域:食品科
Evaluation on the Malodor and Health Effects in High Malodor Pollution Industrial Park
No full text研究領域:環保工程, 公共衛生
The Effect of Supportive Telephone Follow-up on Bereavement for Couple after Perinatal Loss
No full text研究領域:護理學, 公共衛生學
計畫編號:NSC98-2314-B273-003[[abstract]]本研究計畫擬以一對照組前測後測設計，研究目的旨在評值支持性電話追蹤對夫妻在經歷周產期失落後六個月之身心症狀、哀傷反應、因應行為、社會支持及婚姻關係之影響。研究樣本是台灣南部兩所教學醫院經歷周產期失落的夫妻，以效力分析預計初測樣本為92 位，隨機分派為實驗組或控制組。本研究自變項即為實驗處置（支持性電話追蹤），實驗組樣本分別在周產期失落後一週、一個月及三個月共進行三次支持性電話追蹤，每次預計進行20-30 分鐘；控制組則不提供電話追蹤。依變項擬以下列五份研究工具測量之，包括簡式症狀量表、Munich 哀傷量表、因應反應量表、社會支持視覺類比量表以及婚姻關係調適量表，施測時間分別為周產期失落後一週、一個月、三個月及六個月共計四次。研究所收集的資料擬以SAS forWindows V8 套裝軟體進行統計分析，其中推論性統計主要是以2（組別）×3（時間）重複測量多變項變異數分析(repeared-measure MANOVAS)檢定組別、時間的主要效應，以及組別和時間的交互作用。本計劃結果期望發展一個可長期進行、花費不高而周產期失落夫妻接受度又高的介入，由產科護理人員擔任支持性電話追蹤，本計劃同時評值此支持性電話追蹤對周產期失落夫妻在傷慟療癒歷程的成效，俾使未來可以真正複製到產科臨床推行。
In this pretest-posttest control group design study, we will systematically evaluate the effects of supportive telephone follow-up for couple after perinatal loss. Ninety-two stillbirth women will be randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Women assigned to experimental group will participate in five times counseling at one week as well as one, two, three, and six months after stillbirth. Excepting the third and fifth counseling, the other three will take face-to face counseling. Two groups of samples will fill out the questionnaires including Brief Symptom Rating Scale, Munich Grief Scale, Coping responses Inventory, Visual Analog Scale for Social Support, and Dyadic adjustment scale. at four time periods (before intervention, one, three, and six months after intervention). The statistic method of repeared-measure MANOVA will be used to analyze the data. The results will examine the cause-effect of supportive telephone follow-up and physiological-psychological symptom. grief, patterns of coping, perceived social support, and marital adjustment for perinatal loss couple
