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Effects of Folic Acid,Vitamin B6 or Yam (Dioscorea alata) Supplementation on the level of Plasma and Cardiac Malonaldehyde in Methionine-Induced Homocysteinemia Rats
No full textA Study of Abstract Construction of Applied Writings Course on College General Education
No full textA Research on The Relationships Among Leisure Action Involvement, Well-being And Repurchase of College Athletic Team Students: A Case Study of Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology
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Study the Effects of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI) on the Protective Performance of N95 Masks
No full text[[abstract]]本研究之目的係探討N95口罩經紫外線殺菌燈照射後重複使用對防護效能之影響，以瞭解其再生使用之可能性。本論文內容包括兩大部分：第一部分為橫斷性、前瞻性研究，採用經專家一致法修改後之結構式問卷，以在開放性肺結核隔離病房工作之醫療工作者為研究對象填寫問卷並進行統計分析，以瞭解N95口罩使用情形與人口學資料間相關性。第二部分則是利用實驗設計，進行從事醫療工作者穿戴N95口罩之定量密合度分析，以及比較N95口罩未進行紫外線殺菌(對照組)與經過紫外線殺菌30秒(實驗組一)和150秒(實驗組二)後之過濾效率測試結果。
研究結果顯示，醫療工作者對使用N95口罩的認知方面，其中認為須重覆使用N95口罩且必須進行滅菌占64.2%，並且有59.2%認為如此使用才具有安全感。使用N95口罩之更換頻率影響因素與性別、職務別、工作單位、進入負壓隔離病房停留時間、進出負壓隔離病房次數有關。紫外線殺菌後的微粒過濾效率分析，顯示三組N95口罩之過濾效能無顯著差異。重覆佩戴對N95口罩密合度分析和紫外線殺菌對N95口罩之密合度分析結果顯示不受測試動作類型影響。N95口罩經紫外線殺菌燈照射30秒或150秒後，無論過濾效率或密合度均不受影響，且能達到防護效能要求。本研究已初步確認N95口罩透過紫外線殺菌後再次使用之防護效能的可行性，除可作為後續研究基礎外，未來可研究紫外線殺菌照射多久時間或連續幾次後，會造成口罩過濾效能及密合度不符合要求的情形，以及探討醫療工作者無法每次更換N95口罩的原因和佩戴技巧，作為評估口罩佩戴有效性的判定依據。
The aim of this research was to study the feasibility of N95 mask reusing after ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) and its impact on protective efficiency. This paper includes two parts: (1) First one is a prospective study by expert-consensually structured questionnaire in hospitals with tuberculosis isolation-ward for health-care worker (HCW) to collect the demographic data and the information about N95 mask wear conditions. (2)The second part is the use of experimental design to study the quantitative fit testing of N95 respirator wearing by health-care workers, as well as filtering effectiveness of N95 masks for not exposed to UVGI (control group), 30 seconds after UVGI (experimental group I) and 150 seconds (experimental group II), respectively.
The results were shown that to reuse the N95 mask must be used repeatedly for sterilization by HCW approximately 64.2%, and about 59.2% have a sensation of safety after disinfection by UVGI. The replacement frequency of the N95 masks was related to gender, job title, department, the residence time of negative pressure isolation ward, access number for negative pressure isolation wards. Particulate filtering efficiency after exposure to UVGI or not among the three groups was not statistical significantly. The quantitatively fit test of N95 mask after reusing many times or exposure to UVGI in 30 seconds or 15 seconds, respectively, were not affected by different types of exercise. The protective performance of N95 mask reused by HCW was not degraded after exposure to UVGI. In conclusion, the wearing duration for HCW after UVGI for a long time or several times will result in decrement of N95 mask filter efficiency or not conform to the requirement, as well as medical workers cannot change a N95 masks and wearing masks deserve to study in the future
Survey of indoor air quality in Netcafé
No full text目錄
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 iii
誌謝 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
第一章 前言 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 研究目的 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2-1 室內空氣品質的重要性 4
2-2 室內空氣污染之來源 7
2-2-1 化學性因子 7
2-2-1-1 二氧化碳 7
2-2-1-2 一氧化碳 8
2-2-1-3 懸浮微粒 9
2-2-1-4 揮發性有機化合物 10
2-2-1-5甲醛 11
2-2-1-6 臭氧 11
2-2-2 生物性因子 12
2-3 網咖概述 13
第三章 材料與方法 15
3-1 研究架構 15
3-2 研究對象 15
3-3 研究方法 18
3-2-1 物理性因子 20
3-2-3 生物性因子 22
3-2-2 化學性因子 24
3-4 統計分析方法 26
第四章 結果與討論 27
4-1生物氣膠採樣及環境參數測定結果 27
4-1-1 環境參數 27
4-1-2 生物氣膠 29
4-1-3 懸浮微粒 39
4-1-4 通風換氣率 41
4-2 菸害防制法實施前後網咖空氣品質之差異 45
4-2-1 環境參數 45
4-2-2 生物氣膠 45
4-2-3 懸浮微粒 45
第五章 結論與建議 48
參考文獻 51
表目錄
表1. 室內空氣品質建議值 2
表2. 建議最低取樣點數目 19
表3. 研究之儀器設備與藥品 25
表4. A、B網咖禁菸前後環境參數量測結果 28
表5. 網咖禁菸前後生物氣膠量測結果 30
表6. 網咖禁菸前後懸浮微粒量測結果 40
表7. 各種使用空間之最小通風量 43
表8. 網咖局部有效通風量與建築技術規則通風量之比較 44
表9. 禁菸前後環境參數之比較 47
表10. 禁菸前後生物氣膠之比較 48
表11. 禁菸前後懸浮微粒之比較 48
圖目錄
圖1. 研究流程圖 15
圖2. A網咖頂視圖 16
圖3. B網咖1F(非吸菸區)頂視圖 17
圖4. ACH量測流程圖 21
圖5. A網咖非吸菸區禁菸前後細菌粒徑分佈 31
圖6. A網咖非吸菸區禁菸前後真菌粒徑分佈 32
圖7. A網咖吸菸區禁菸前後細菌粒徑分佈圖 33
圖8. A網咖吸菸區禁菸前後真菌粒徑分佈 34
圖9. B網咖非吸菸區禁菸前後細菌粒徑分佈 37
圖10. B網咖非吸菸區禁菸前後真菌粒徑分佈 36
圖11. B網咖吸菸區禁菸前後細菌粒徑分佈 37
圖12. B網咖吸菸區禁菸前後真菌粒徑分佈 38
圖13. 乙醇濃度與時間之關係圖 42
參考文獻
參考文獻
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內政部營建署(2006)，建築技術規則-建築設備篇，第五章 空氣調節及通風設備 第102條。
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陳柏良,(2004). 吸菸室菸害防制性能與通風設置的探討. 碩士論文,長榮大學職業安全與衛生研究所.[[abstract]]本研究目的是以環境參數量測及生物氣膠採樣探討網咖內的空氣品質，提供後續改善的依據。以台南某兩家網咖為研究對象，利用單階、六階衝擊式生物氣膠採樣器、室內空氣品質監測器、光離子化監測器、甲醛監測器、氣膠微粒監測器量測相關參數，所得參數測定結果與台灣室內空氣品質標準作比較，同時以噴灑乙醇的方式搭配光離子化監測器進行量測，評估通風換氣有效性。另外針對禁菸前後網咖空氣品質之差異性進行室內空氣品質評估。結果顯示:(1)網咖吸菸區及非吸菸區環境中CO2濃度絕大多數均超過我國室內空氣品質建議值;(2)真菌的I/O ratio皆小於1，細菌的I/O ratio皆遠大於1；(3)真菌及細菌的粒徑分佈範圍分別介於1.1~2.1 m 及2.1 ~4.7 m之間；(4)懸浮微粒之粒徑以PM2.5及PM1.0為主；(5)禁菸後CO、懸浮微粒濃度皆有下降(p＜0.05)，但依然超過我國室內空氣品質建議值，且CO2濃度因消費人數增加而上升；(6)網咖內每小時空氣置換次數(ACH)介於1~2次之間，顯示單靠現有空調來進行通風換氣無法提供良好的空氣品質。國內對於娛樂場所的通風換氣規定沒有明確的訂定，只有在建築技術規則中有提及關於酒吧場所所需之通風量，其他場所則無相關的規定，因此建議應訂定娛樂場所所需之通風換氣量，以改善網咖的室內空氣品質及確保消費者之健康。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the indoor air quality (IAQ) in Net-cafés by measuring bioaerosol and environmental parameter, and to propose the strategy of IAQ improvement. The single-stage and six-stage bioaerosol impactors, indoor air quality monitor, photoionization detectors, formaldehyde monitor and aerosol monitor were used to evaluate the indoor air quality of two Net-cafés in Tainan. The results were compared with Indoor Air Quality Standards of Taiwan (IAQST). The air change rate was also measured to study the efficacy of ventilation by using the spray of alcohol and photoionization detector. In addition, the difference of indoor air quality before and after a legislative ban on smoking in Net-cafés was evaluated in this study. The results shown that the concentration of CO2 in smoking area and non-smoking area exceed IAQST. The I/O ratio of fungi measurements were less than 1, but the I/O ratio of bacteria measurements were much greater than 1. Particle size distribution ranges of bacteria and fungi were 1.1~2.1m and 2.1~4.7 m, respectively. Most of the particulate matters were fine particles. After ban in smoking, the concentration of CO and particulate matters decreased (p <0.05), but the values were higher than the standard proposed by IAQST. Due to the increase of consumers, CO2 concentration also increased. Air change rate in Net-café was only about 1~2 ACH (air change per hour). Fresh air exchange rate by HVAC system is apparently insufficient to maintain comfortable indoor air quality. Based on these results, the efficiency of ventilation in Net-cafés needs to be regulated and improved for the IAQ and health of consumers
Study on Isoflavnoides in Radix Pueraria Fermented by Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Functional Effects
No full text研究領域:食品科技
計畫編號:NSC97-2313-B273-001-MY
